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HP calculators are various calculators manufactured by the Hewlett-Packard company over the years.
Their desktop models included the HP 9800 series, while their handheld models started with the HP-35. Their focus has been on high-end scientific, engineering and complex financial uses.
In the 1960s, Hewlett-Packard was becoming a diversified electronics company with product lines in electronic test equipment, scientific instrumentation, and medical electronics, and was just beginning its entry into computers. The corporation recognized two opportunities: it might be possible to automate the instrumentation that HP was producing, and HP's customer base were likely to buy a product that could replace the slide rules and adding machines that were being used for computation.
With this in mind, HP built the HP 9100 desktop scientific calculator. This was a full-featured calculator that included not only standard "adding machine" functions but also powerful capabilities to handle floating-point numbers, trigonometric functions, logarithms, exponentiation, and square roots.
This new calculator was well received by the customer base, but William Hewlett saw additional opportunities if the desktop calculator could be made small enough to fit into his shirt pocket. He charged his engineers with this exact goal using the size of his shirt pocket as a guide.[ citation needed ] The result was the HP-35 calculator. This calculator provided functionality that was revolutionary for a pocket calculator at that time.[ citation needed ]
Through the years, HP released several calculators that varied in their mathematical capabilities, programmability, and I/O capabilities. Some of them could be used (via HP-IL) to control the instruments other Hewlett Packard divisions produced.
On 1 November 2021, Moravia Consulting spol. s r.o. [1] (for all markets but the Americas) and Royal Consumer Information Products, Inc. [2] (for the Americas) became the licensees of HP Development Company, L.P. to continue the development, production, distribution, marketing and support of any HP-branded calculators.
HP calculators are well known for their use of reverse Polish notation (RPN).
Programmable HP calculators allow users to create their own programs.
Below are some of HP's handheld calculator models produced over the years:
| Product | Year | Description |
|---|---|---|
| HP 9g | 2003 | Graphing calculator designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc. [3] |
| HP 9s | 2002 | Scientific calculator designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc., with the same form factor as the 9g and the 30S |
| HP-10 | 1977 | Basic four-function calculator with printer and conventional arithmetic entry (no RPN). |
| HP-10B | 1987 | Financial calculator |
| HP-10C | 1982 | Range entry calculator, Scientific Programmable, statistical functions. |
| HP-10S+ | 2012 | A dual-powered (battery and solar cells) algebraic scientific calculator with 2-line dot matrix and segment display. |
| HP-11C | 1981 | Scientific Programmable, including hyperbolics, gamma function, statistical functions, and random number generation. |
| HP-10s | 2007 | A scientific calculator with more than 240 built-in functions, with 2 lines × 10 digits LCD. |
| HP-12C | 1981 | The finance-centric programmable calculator from the Voyager series introduced in the 1980s. The longest running product in the HP calculator line, it remains in production. Various models exist, the latest in 2008. |
| HP-14B | 1988 | Finance calculator with 12 digits precision and algebraic logic. It has 130 functions, 41 keys, and an LCD display. [4] |
| HP-15C | 1982 | Advanced Scientific Programmable, including hyperbolics, gamma function, combinatorial and statistical functions, random number generation, numerical integration, numerical root finding, plus comprehensive matrix operations and full support for complex numbers. |
| HP-16C | 1982 | Computer science programmable calculator that could perform binary arithmetic, base-conversion (decimal, and binary, octal, and hexadecimal) and Boolean-logic functions. |
| HP-17B | 1988 | Financial calculator superseding the 12C, with two-line display, alphanumerics and sophisticated Solve functions rather than step programming. Uses the Saturn chip set. |
| HP-18C | 1986 | RPL clamshell business calculator. |
| HP-19B | 1988 | Financial calculator. |
| HP-19C | 1977 | Calculator with RPN and built-in thermal printer. Included a programming language with looping and branching. |
| HP 20b | 2008 | Financial calculator with RPN. |
| HP-20S | 1988 | A basic scientific calculator, using infix notation, barely programmable and with no graphing capabilities. |
| HP-21 | 1975 | Scaled-down HP-25. |
| HP-21S | 1989 | An algebraic, keystroke programming calculator. |
| HP-22S | 1988 | An algebraic scientific/statistics calculator. |
| HP-25 | 1975 | Smaller programmable model with programs up to 49 steps. Version HP-25C was first calculator with "continuous memory". |
| HP-27S | 1988 | The first HP pocket calculator to use algebraic notation only rather than RPN. It was a "do all" calculator that included algebraic solver like the HP-18C, statistical, probability and time/value of money calculations. It had approximately 7 kilobytes of programmable memory which could be used for formulas or notes. The two-push 6-key letter typing system was fairly fast after a learning period. [5] |
| HP-28C | 1987 | RPN scientific graphing calculator. First HP graphing calculator, and introduced the Forth-like RPL, programmable keys, and symbolic equation solving, with 2 KB of user memory. Book-style design (flip-open cover) with keys on both interior halves. |
| HP-28S | 1988 | Expansion of HP-28C; 32 KB of user memory due to customers unexpectedly keeping programs in memory for extended periods. Introduced a file system for storing variables, functions, and user programs in the form of a multi-level tree. Like the HP-28C, this model used the "open-book" physical design. Functionally a direct predecessor to the HP-48 series, which returned to a more traditional physical design based on the HP-41. |
| HP-29C | 1977 | Programmable calculator with RPN. Included a programming language with looping and branching. An inexpensive variation on the 19C printer. |
| HP 30b | 2010 | Programmable Financial calculator released in 2010. Built in Black-Scholes Equation, FMRR and MIRR. Powered by ARM processor. Multiple input methods including RPN, chain algebraic, and normal. |
| HP 30s | 2000 | Calculator designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc. |
| HP-32E | 1978 | Scientific non-programmable |
| HP-32S | 1988 | Scientific programmable, updated to HP-32SII |
| HP 33s | 2003 | Calculator designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc. Successor to the HP-32SII. |
| HP-33C | 1978 | Scientific Programmable—successor to the HP-25 and HP-25C. |
| HP-34C | 1979 | Scientific Programmable calculator. First with integration and Root Finding. |
| HP-35 | 1972 | HP's first pocket calculator, and the world's first pocket calculator with transcendental functions. As such, it is regarded as the first "scientific" calculator. |
| HP 35s | 2007 | Introduced to commemorate the 35th anniversary of the HP-35, it is an advanced scientific programmable calculator, featuring algebraic and RPN modes, hyperbolics, statistics, numerical integration, numerical solver, random number generation, equations, and full programmability, using up to 32 Kb of RAM for programs and data. |
| HP 38G | 1995 | A simplified graphic model, using infix notation. |
| HP 39G | 2000 | A successor to the HP-38, using infix notation. |
| HP 39gs | 2006 | A successor to the HP 38G. It does not support RPN. |
| HP 39gII | 2011 | A successor to the HP 39gs. Nearly identical in features but with a high-resolution screen and internationalized for the Chinese market. |
| HP 40G series | 2000 | A successor to the HP 38G, using infix notation. The 40G is identical to the 39G but adds a computer algebra system. |
| HP-41 series | 1979 | Three models in this series were released over its lifetime, the 41C, 41CV, and 41CX. The 41C had user configurable program steps and memory registers, alpha-numeric display, user programmable key mappings, and four expansion ports that could hold additional memory, an interface to HP-IL peripherals, a magnetic card reader–writer, or commercial application programs. The 41CV quintupled the amount of base memory, and the 41CX added a clock and some additional functions and memory. |
| HP-42S | 1988 | A non-expandable follow-up to the HP-41 series. It included a two line display (dot addressable) and featured built-in matrix and complex number mathematics. |
| HP-45 | 1973 | Improved version of the HP-35 with 10 memory registers, extra functions and display format selection. |
| HP 48 series | 1990 | Programmable graphic calculators, initially the SX and a year later the cheaper S, and three years later the G and GX with a faster processor and more graphical interface; SX and GX versions had expansion slots. Based on the functionality of the HP-28S, but with a return to a traditional appearance (similar to the HP-41 series). Historically one of the most popular models among engineers. Uses a filesystem first introduced on the HP-28S. Has a real-time clock and an operating system with programmable-action alarms, which could turn on the calculator and run arbitrary user programs at a user-specified time & frequency. |
| HP 49/50 series | 1999 | Enhanced, graphic versions of the HP 48 series. Later models designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc. |
| HP 50g | 2006 | The latest member of the HP 49 series. Faster (ARM processor), larger display, and ability to read/write removable SD memory cards. |
| HP-55 | 1975 | Lower cost version of the HP-65; no magnetic card reader, only 49 programming steps, but had 20 registers instead of just nine. Only model with an accurate (quartz crystal) stopwatch mode. |
| HP-65 | 1974 | First programmable pocket calculator. Programs could be up to 100 steps in length and could be written to or read from magnetic strips. |
| HP-67 | 1976 | Improved version of the HP-65. |
| HP-71B | 1984 | Handheld model natively programmable in an extended BASIC language including a RAM-based filesystem, recursion, multiline user-defined functions and subprogram calling with parameter passing, but also capable of accepting plug-in ROM modules to provide such functionalities as full I/O capabilities to any type of device (printers, mass storage, measurement instruments), programmability in other languages (Forth, Assembler), advanced math capabilities (such as matrix operations, support for complex numbers, multidimensional numerical integration and root finding, Fast Fourier Transforms, etc.), and an advanced Calculator Mode capable of executing algebraic expressions one step at a time and undoing individual steps. |
| HP-80 | 1973 | HP's second handheld calculator, designed for business and including functions for Time Value Of Money, Sum of Digits depreciation and similar. [6] |
| HP-97 | 1977 | Desktop and printing version of the HP-67. |
| HP-300S+ | 2012 | A dual-powered (battery and solar cells) algebraic scientific calculator with 4-lines LCD screen and can display expressions in textbook format. |
| HP Prime | 2013 | A "smartphone competitor" with a 3+1⁄2-inch color touch screen, "apps", CAS and exam feature that allows both selection of RPN vs. Algebraic vs. textbook and exam format for use on the SAT. Includes several new features such as color graphing animation and wireless (dongle) connectivity. |
Reverse Polish notation (RPN), also known as reverse Łukasiewicz notation, Polish postfix notation or simply postfix notation, is a mathematical notation in which operators follow their operands, in contrast to prefix or Polish notation (PN), in which operators precede their operands. The notation does not need any parentheses for as long as each operator has a fixed number of operands.
The HP 48 is a series of graphing calculators designed and produced by Hewlett-Packard from 1990 until 2003. The series includes the HP 48S, HP 48SX, HP 48G, HP 48GX, and HP 48G+, the G models being expanded and improved versions of the S models. The models with an X suffix are expandable via special RAM and ROM cards. In particular, the GX models have more onboard memory than the G models. The G+ models have more onboard memory only. The SX and S models have the same amount of onboard memory.
The HP 49/50 series are Hewlett-Packard (HP) manufactured graphing calculators. They are the successors of the HP 48 series.
A scientific calculator is an electronic calculator, either desktop or handheld, designed to perform calculations using basic and advanced mathematical operations and functions. They have completely replaced slide rules as well as books of mathematical tables and are used in both educational and professional settings.
The HP-35 was Hewlett-Packard's first pocket calculator and the world's first scientific pocket calculator: a calculator with trigonometric and exponential functions. It was introduced in 1972.
The HP 33s (F2216A) was a scientific calculator marketed by Hewlett-Packard. It was introduced in 2003 as the successor to the HP 32SII, and discontinued on the introduction of its successor the HP 35s in 2007.
The HP-42S RPN Scientific is a programmable RPN Scientific hand held calculator introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 1988.It is a popular calculator designed for science and engineering students.
The HP-12C is a financial calculator made by Hewlett-Packard (HP) and its successor HP Inc. as part of the HP Voyager series, introduced in 1981. It is HP's longest and best-selling product and is considered the de facto standard among financial professionals. There have been multiple revisions over the years, with newer revisions moving to an ARM processor running a software emulator of the original Nut processor. Critics claim that its 1980s technology is antiquated, but proponents point out that it is still the de facto and de jure standard in finance.
The hp 9g (F2222A) is a graphing calculator designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc and produced by Hewlett-Packard. It has basic graphing, scientific and programming features designed for use by students.
The Hewlett-Packard Voyager series of calculators were introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 1981. All members of this series are programmable, use Reverse Polish Notation, and feature continuous memory. Nearly identical in appearance, each model provided different capabilities and was aimed at different user markets.
The HP Xpander (F1903A) aka "Endeavour" was to be Hewlett-Packard's newest graphing calculator in 2002, but the project was cancelled in November 2001 months before it was scheduled to go into production. It had both a keyboard and a pen-based interface, measured 162.6 mm by 88.9 mm by 22.9 mm, with a large grayscale screen, and ran on two rechargeable AA batteries. It had a semi-translucent green cover on a gray case and an expansion slot.
The HP-19C and HP-29C were scientific/engineering pocket calculators made by Hewlett-Packard between 1977 and 1979. They were the most advanced and last models of the "20" family and included Continuous Memory as a standard feature.
The HP-15C is a high-end scientific programmable calculator of Hewlett-Packard's Voyager series produced between 1982 and 1989.
The HP-16C Computer Scientist is a programmable pocket calculator that was produced by Hewlett-Packard between 1982 and 1989. It was specifically designed for use by computer programmers, to assist in debugging. It is a member of the HP Voyager series of programmable calculators. It was the only programmer's calculator ever produced by HP, though many later HP calculators have incorporated most of the 16C's functions.
The HP-45 is the second scientific pocket calculator introduced by Hewlett-Packard, adding to the features of the HP-35. It was introduced in 1973 with an MSRP of US$395. Especially noteworthy was its pioneering addition of a shift key that gave other keys alternate functions.
HP-17B is an algebraic entry financial and business calculator manufactured by Hewlett-Packard, introduced on 4 January 1988 along with the HP-19B, HP-27S and the HP-28S. It was a simplified business model, like the 19B. There were two versions, the US one working in English only, and the international one with a choice of six languages.
The HP-67 is a magnetic card-programmable handheld calculator, introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 1976 at an MSRP of $450. A desktop version with built-in thermal printer was sold as the HP-97 at a price of $750. Collectively, they are known as the HP-67/97.
The HP Prime Graphing Calculator is a graphing calculator introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 2013 and manufactured by HP Inc. until the licensees Moravia Consulting spol. s r.o. and Royal Consumer Information Products, Inc. took over the continued development, manufacturing, distribution, marketing and support in 2022. It was designed with features resembling those of smartphones, such as a full-color touchscreen display and a user interface centered around different applications. It claims to be the world's smallest and thinnest CAS-enabled calculator currently available.
The HP-30 or Spice series are RPN Scientific hand-held calculators introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 1978. Some models are programmable.
WRPN is an open-source scientific software calculator, simulating the Hewlett-Packard Voyager series' HP-16C "Computer Scientist" programmable calculator.
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