Penaeidae is a family of marine crustaceans in the suborder Dendrobranchiata, which are often referred to as penaeid shrimp or penaeid prawns. The Penaeidae contain many species of economic importance, such as the tiger prawn, whiteleg shrimp, Atlantic white shrimp, and Indian prawn. Many prawns are the subject of commercial fishery, and farming, both in marine settings, and in freshwater farms. Lateral line–like sense organs on the antennae have been reported in some species of Penaeidae. At 210 metres per second (760 km/h), the myelinated giant interneurons of pelagic penaeid shrimp have the world record for impulse conduction speed in any animal.
Carl Albert Oppel was a German paleontologist.
Sergestidae is a family of prawns which have lived since at least the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian/Bathonian). It contains the following genera:
Hexapodidae is a family of crabs, the only family in the superfamily Hexapodoidea. It has traditionally been treated as a subfamily of the family Goneplacidae, and was originally described as a subfamily of Pinnotheridae. Its members can be distinguished from all other true crabs by the reduction of the thorax, such that only seven sternites are exposed, and only four pairs of pereiopods are present. Not counting the enlarged pair of claws, this leaves only six walking legs, from which the type genus Hexapus, and therefore the whole family, takes its name. Some anomuran "crabs", such as porcelain crabs and king crabs also have only four visible pairs of legs. With the exception of Stevea williamsi, from Mexico, all the extant members are found either in the Indo-Pacific oceans, or around the coast of Africa.
Corystidae is a family of crabs, in its own superfamily, Corystoidea. It includes what was once thought to be the oldest Eubrachyuran fossil, Hebertides jurassica, thought to be dating from the Bathonian ; the species was subsequently reinterpreted as being Cenozoic in age. Corystidae contains ten extant and five extinct species in eight genera:
Acanthochirana is an extinct genus of prawn that existed during the upper Jurassic period. It was named by E. Strand in 1928, and its type species is Acanthochirana cordata. They are distinguished from the related genus Aeger by the presence of teeth on the rostrum, which are absent in Aeger.
Albertoppelia is an extinct genus of prawn which existed during the Late Jurassic period, named after Albert Oppel. It contains the single species Abertoppelia kuempeli. Fossils of Albertoppelia were recovered from the Eichstätt Formation in Bavaria, Germany.
Ambilobeia is an extinct genus of prawn which existed in Ambilobé, Madagascar during the Olenekian stage of the Early Triassic period. It contains the species Ambilobeia karojoi.
Carpopenaeus is an extinct genus of prawn, which existed during the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. It contains three species.
Cretapenaeus berberus is an extinct species of prawn which existed in Morocco during the Late Cretaceous period. It is the only species in the genus Cretapenaeus.
Cretasergestes sahelalmaensis is an extinct species of prawn which existed in Lebanon during the Late Cretaceous period, the only species in the genus Cretasergestes.
Ifasya is an extinct genus of prawn. It contains the species Ifasya madagascariensis and Ifasya straelini, and was named in 1995 by Alessandro Garassino and Giorgio Teruzzi. It existed in Madagascar during the Lower Triassic period.
Koelga is an extinct genus of prawn in the order Decapoda. It contains the species Koelga curvirostris and Koelga muensteri.
Longichela orobica is an extinct species of prawn which lived in the Norian, and is the only species in the genus Longichela.
Microchela is an extinct genus of prawn, which contains a single species Microchela rostrata.
Micropenaeus is an extinct genus of prawns in the order Decapoda. It was first named in 1998 by Sergio Bravi and Alessandro Garassino.
Pseudodusa is an extinct genus of prawn, containing only the species Pseudodusa frattigianii, known from the Solnhofen limestones of southern Germany.
Satyrocaris is an extinct genus of prawn in the family Penaeidae that existed during the Triassic in what is now Italy. It was described by Garassino and Teruzzi in 1993, and the type species is Satyrocaris cristatus.
Yongjiacaris is an extinct genus of shrimp, which had only one species, Yongjiacaris zhejiangensis. Yongjiacaris represents the second report of freshwater caridean shrimp from the Mesozoic.
Aeger libanensis is a species of fossil prawn belonging to the family Aegeridae. These prawns had very long pereiopods.
