Hammada (plant)

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Hammada
Haloxylon griffithii 1.jpg
Hammada griffithii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Amaranthaceae
Subfamily: Salsoloideae
Genus: Hammada
Iljin

Hammada is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae, [1] in which it is placed in the subfamily Salsoloideae. [2] It is a very unclear and unsorted genus, with many species that have been classed as synonyms by other authors.

Contents

The native range of the genus is in central and southwestern Asia, with species found in Iraq, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Turkey and Uzbekistan. [1] They are often found growing in alkaline or saline habitats. [3]

Description

They are perennial plants, with a glabrous (smooth) wood (only at the base). They can grow up to 40–60 cm (16–24 in) tall. [4] The weed-like plants have regular, minute, or small, cyclic flowers. The flowers have no petals, but 5 sepals which are united at the base. It has 5 stamens and the ovary is positioned superior and consists of 2 united carpels. Which late matures into a fruit (or seed capsule). [3]

Known species

According to Plants of the World Online; [1]

However Schüssler, in 2017, listed the following species; Hammada erianthaBotsch., Hammada griffithii(Moq.) Iljin, Hammada negevensisIljin & Zoh., Hammada salicornica(Moq.) Iljin, Hammada schmittiana(Pomel) Botsch. and Hammada thomsonii(Bunge) Iljin. [2]

It is not known what the genus name of Hammada is in reference to, but Hamada in Arabic is a desert landscape.

It was first described and published in Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) Vol.33 on page 582 in 1948. [1]

The genus is not accepted by the United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service; they list it as a synonym of Haloxylon Bunge. [6]

Note: Hammada scoparia(Pomel) Iljin, a former species in the genus, is classed as an accepted synonym of Haloxylon scoparium Pomel. [7]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Hammada Iljin | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
  2. 1 2 Schüssler, Christina; Freitag, Helmut; Koteyeva, Nuria; Schmidt, Denise; Edwards, Gerald; Voznesenskaya, Elena; Kadereit, Gudrun (1 January 2017). "Molecular phylogeny and forms of photosynthesis in tribe Salsoleae (Chenopodiaceae)". Journal of Experimental Botany. 68 (2): 207–223. doi:10.1093/jxb/erw432. PMC   5853613 . PMID   28003310.
  3. 1 2 "Flora of Israel | Chenopodiaceae | plant family". www-flowersinisrael-com.translate.goog. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
  4. ↑ Michael Zohary Flora Palaestina, Volume 1 (1966) , p. 166, at Google Books
  5. ↑ S. K. Czerepanov, Sergeĭ Kirillovich Cherepanov Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (the Former USSR) (1995) , p. 185, at Google Books
  6. ↑ "Genus Hammada Iljin". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
  7. ↑ "Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
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