Handroanthus chrysotrichus

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Handroanthus chrysotrichus
Ipe (Avare) REFON.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Bignoniaceae
Genus: Handroanthus
Species:
H. chrysotrichus
Binomial name
Handroanthus chrysotrichus
(Mart. ex DC.) Mattos
Synonyms

Gelseminum chrysotrichum(Mart. ex A. DC.) Kuntze
Handroanthus chrysotrichus(Mart. ex A. DC.) Mattos
Handroanthus chrysotrichus var. obtusata(A. DC.) Mattos
Handroanthus pedicellatus(Bureau & K. Schum. ex Mart.) Mattos
Tabebuia chrysotricha var. obtusata(A. DC.) Toledo
Tabebuia flavescens
Tabebuia pedicellata
Tecoma chrysotrichaMart. ex A. DC.M
Tecoma chrysotricha var. obtusata(A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum. ex Mart.
Tecoma flavescens(Velloso) Mart. ex A. DC.
Tecoma grandisF. Kränzl.
Tecoma obtusataA. DC.
Tecoma ochracea var. denudataCham.Tecoma pedicellataBureau & K. Schum. ex Mart.

Contents

Handroanthus chrysotrichus, synonym Tabebuia chrysotricha, commonly known as the golden trumpet tree, is a semi-evergreen/semi-deciduous (shedding foliage for a short period in late spring) [1] tree from Brazil. It is very similar to and often confused with Tabebuia ochracea . In Portuguese it is called ipê amarelo and its flower is considered the national flower of Brazil.

Growth

Handroanthus chrysotrichus grows to a height of 5 to 8 m (15 to 25 ft), sometimes up to 20 m (50 ft), [1] with a spread of 8 to 11 m (25 to 35 ft). It has very showy golden-yellow to red flowers in the spring. These are rich in nectar and thus the tree is a useful honey plant. While it is not especially popular with hummingbirds, some of these – e.g. glittering-bellied emerald (Chlorostilbon lucidus) and white-throated hummingbird (Leucochloris albicollis) – seem to prefer them over the flowers of other Tabebuia species. [2]

The golden trumpet tree is grown outside Brazil as a street tree and garden tree. The USDA rates it for hardiness zones 9b through 11, and moderately drought-tolerant.

Concern has been raised that it is becoming a weed in tropical and sub-tropical Australia, though it has not yet been declared. [3]

Taxonomy

A 2007 DNA study of various members classified in the genus Tabebuia showed that the taxon was polyphyletic, and two genera were resurrected to separate these members into three separate clades: Roseodendron , Handroanthus , and Tabebuia . [4] Tabebuia chrysotricha was moved to Handroanthus chrysotrichus, characterized by the hardness of its wood and high lapachol content. [4]

Related Research Articles

<i>Tabebuia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Tabebuia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. Tabebuia consists almost entirely of trees, but a few are often large shrubs. A few species produce timber, but the genus is mostly known for those that are cultivated as flowering trees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bignoniaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

Bignoniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales commonly known as the bignonias or trumpet vines. It is not known to which of the other families in the order it is most closely related.

<i>Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</i> Species of flowering plant in the mallow family Malvaceae

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, known colloquially as Chinese hibiscus, China rose, Hawaiian hibiscus, rose mallow and shoeblack plant, is a species of tropical hibiscus, a flowering plant in the Hibisceae tribe of the family Malvaceae. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in the tropics and subtropics, but its native range is Vanuatu.

<i>Spathodea</i> Genus of trees

Spathodea is a genus in the plant family Bignoniaceae. The single species it contains, Spathodea campanulata, is commonly known as the African tulip tree. The tree grows between 7–25 m (23–82 ft) tall and is native to tropical dry forests of Africa. It has been nominated as among 100 of the "World's Worst" invaders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-throated mango</span> Species of hummingbird

The black-throated mango is a species in subfamily Polytminae of the hummingbird family Trochilidae. It is found in Panama, in every mainland South American country except Chile, and in Trinidad and Tobago.

<i>Melia azedarach</i> Species of plant

Melia azedarach, commonly known as the chinaberry tree, pride of India, bead-tree, Cape lilac, syringa berrytree, Persian lilac, Indian lilac, or white cedar, is a species of deciduous tree in the mahogany family, Meliaceae, that is native to Indomalaya and Australasia.

<i>Bauhinia variegata</i> Species of plant

Bauhinia variegata is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is native to an area from China through Southeast Asia to the Indian subcontinent. Common names include orchid tree and mountain ebony.

<i>Tecoma stans</i> Species of tree

Tecoma stans is a species of flowering perennial shrub in the trumpet vine family, Bignoniaceae, that is native to the Americas. Common names include yellow trumpetbush, yellow bells, yellow elder, ginger Thomas. Tecoma stans is the official flower of the United States Virgin Islands and the floral emblem of The Bahamas.

<i>Handroanthus albus</i> Species of tree

Handroanthus albus, the golden trumpet tree, is a tree with yellow flowers native to Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia and the Cerrado of Brazil, where it is known as ipê-amarelo-da-serra.

<i>Handroanthus impetiginosus</i> Species of tree

Handroanthus impetiginosus, the pink ipê, pink lapacho or pink trumpet tree, is a tree in the family Bignoniaceae, distributed throughout North, Central and South America, from northern Mexico south to northern Argentina. Along with all the other species in the Handroanthus genus, it is the national tree of Paraguay.

<i>Tabebuia roseo-alba</i> Species of tree

Tabebuia roseo-alba, known as white ipê, ipê-branco or lapacho blanco, is a tree native to Cerrado and Pantanal vegetation in Brazil, but also appears in Argentina and more rarely in Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lapachol</span> Chemical compound

Lapachol is a natural phenolic compound isolated from the bark of the lapacho tree. This tree is known botanically as Handroanthus impetiginosus, but was formerly known by various other botanical names such as Tabebuia avellanedae. Lapachol is also found in other species of Handroanthus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swallow-tailed hummingbird</span> Species of bird

The swallow-tailed hummingbird is a species in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae), found mainly in east-central South America. Most authorities place it in the genus Eupetomena, although some place it in Campylopterus based on song and the thick shafts of the males' first primaries. Its common name and specific epithet both refer to the long, deeply forked, somewhat swallow-like tail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buffy hummingbird</span> Species of bird

The buffy hummingbird is a species of bird in the hummingbird family Trochilidae. It is the only species placed in the genus Leucippus. This bird lives in dry forest and scrubland in northern South America where it feeds on insects and the nectar, flesh, and juice of cactus fruits.

<i>Kalanchoe delagoensis</i> Species of succulent

Kalanchoe delagoensis, formerly known as Bryophyllum delagoense and commonly called mother of millions or chandelier plant, is a succulent plant native to Madagascar. Like other members of Bryophyllum, it is able to propagate vegetatively from plantlets that develop on its leaf margins.

<i>Dracaena fragrans</i> Species of flowering plant

Dracaena fragrans, is a flowering plant species that is native throughout tropical Africa, from Sudan south to Mozambique, west to Côte d'Ivoire and southwest to Angola, growing in upland regions at 600–2,250 m (1,970–7,380 ft) altitude. It is also known as striped dracaena, compact dracaena, and corn plant.

<i>Erythrina speciosa</i> Species of legume

Erythrina speciosa is a tree native to Brazil, which is often cultivated and has introduced populations in Africa and India. It is pollinated by hummingbirds.

<i>Handroanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants (trees)

Handroanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. It consists of 30 species of trees, known in Latin America by the common names poui, pau d'arco, or ipê. The latter sometimes appears as epay or simply ipe (unaccented) in English. The large timber species are sometimes called lapacho or guayacan, but these names are more properly applied to the species Handroanthus lapacho and Handroanthus guayacan, respectively.

<i>Roseodendron</i> Genus of flowering plants

Roseodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. It consists of two species, Roseodendron donnell-smithii and Roseodendron chryseum. The type species for the genus is R. donnell-smithii. Both species are cultivated as ornamentals for their numerous, large, yellow flowers.

<i>Handroanthus heptaphyllus</i> Species of tree

Handroanthus heptaphyllus, commonly referred to as the pink trumpet tree or pink tab, is a Bignoniaceae tree native to tropical and subtropical regions of South America. It grows in the high forest watershed of the Paraná River, Paraguay River and Uruguay River. It has a limited distribution, almost exclusively inhabiting low lands with wet and deep soils, where it forms part of the upper layer of tree cover.

References

  1. 1 2 Gilman, Edward F.; Watson, Dennis G. (21 March 2007). "ENH-772/ST614: Tabebuia chrysotricha: Golden Trumpet Tree". edis.ifas.ufl.edu. University of Florida. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
  2. Baza Mendonça & dos Anjos (2005)
  3. Technigro Australia Pty. Ltd (2013)
  4. 1 2 Susan O. Grose and R. G. Olmstead

Further reading