| Heliozela sericiella | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Heliozelidae |
| Genus: | Heliozela |
| Species: | H. sericiella |
| Binomial name | |
| Heliozela sericiella (Haworth, 1828) | |
| Synonyms | |
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Heliozela sericiella is a moth of the Heliozelidae family found in Europe. The larvae mine the twigs of oaks, causing a gall. [1]
The wingspan is 6–8 mm. [1] [2] Head dark bronzy. Forewings bronzy-grey ; a small indistinct whitish spot on dorsum towards base, and a larger distinct one beyond middle. Hind wings grey. [3] Adults are on wing in May and June in one generation per year.
The larvae feed on Quercus petraea , Quercus pubescens , Quercus robur and Quercus suber . Young larvae bore in the petiole, bark or a twig of their host plant. This causes the petiole to swell gall-like. When almost fully grown, it moves through the midrib into the blade, creating a small blotch. Finally, an oval excision is made, which the larvae uses to vacate the mine and drop to the ground. Here, pupation takes place. The pupa overwinters. [4] Larvae can be found from June to July.
It is found in most of Europe, except Spain, Slovenia and most of the Balkan Peninsula. [5]
Galls or cecidia are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants, fungi, or animals. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls are often highly organized structures so that the cause of the gall can often be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to some insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.
Gall wasps, also incorrectly called gallflies, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of this generally very small creature (1–8 mm) are known worldwide, with about 360 species of 36 different genera in Europe and some 800 species in North America.
Quercus coccinea, the scarlet oak, is a deciduous tree in the red oak section Lobatae of the genus Quercus, in the family Fagaceae.
Dyseriocrania subpurpurella is a diurnal moth from the family Eriocraniidae, found in most of Europe. The moth was first named by the English entomologist, Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1828.
Eriocrania semipurpurella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae, found from Europe to Japan and in North America. It was first described by James Francis Stephens in 1835. The species closely resembles Eriocrania sangii and the larvae of both species mine the leaves of birch.
Batrachedra praeangusta is a moth of the family Batrachedridae which is native to Europe. It is also found in North America. It was first described by Adrian Haworth in 1828 from the type specimen found in England. The foodplants of the larvae are poplars and willows.
Eriocrania sangii, the large birch purple, is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe and described by John Henry Wood in 1891. The moth can be found flying in sunshine around birch trees and the larvae feed on birch leaves.
Ditula angustiorana, the red-barred tortrix, is a moth of the family Tortricidae found in Africa, Asia, Europe and North Africa. Other common names are the fruit-tree tortrix and the vine tortrix. The moth was first described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1811.
Phyllonorycter heegeriella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in all of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula.
Phyllonorycter roboris is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in all of Europe.
Blastodacna atra, the apple pith moth is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is known from most of Europe and it has been introduced to North America.
Elachista cinereopunctella is a moth of the family Elachistidae found in Europe.
Heliozela resplendella is a moth of the Heliozelidae family. It is found from Fennoscandia and northern Russia to the Pyrenees, Alps and Romania and from Ireland to the Baltic region.
Epermenia falciformis, also known as the large lance-wing, is a moth of the family Epermeniidae found in Europe. It was first described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1828.
Bucculatrix ulmella is a moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in most of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula, Slovenia and Bulgaria. It was first described in 1848 by Philipp Christoph Zeller.
Heliozela hammoniella is a moth of the Heliozelidae family. It is found in Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, Latvia, Fennoscandia, and Russia.
Vespina quercivora is a moth of the family Incurvariidae. It is found in California.
Andricus curvator is a gall wasp which forms chemically induced leaf galls on oak trees and has both agamic and sexual generations. Agamic and sexual generations usually form two distinct galls on oak trees, but in the case of A. curvator there are six galls; the sexual generation usually on the leaf, occasionally in a twig or catkin, and the agamic generation in a bud. The wasp was first described by Theodor Hartig, a German biologist, in 1840 and is found in most of Europe.
Andricus inflator is a species of gall-forming wasps, in the genus Andricus, which has a sexual and an asexual generation, producing two different galls. The wasp was named by the German biologist Theodor Hartig, in 1840 and is found in Europe.
Orchestes pilosus is a beetle of the family Curculionidae found in Europe. It was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1781. The larvae are leaf miners on oak.
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