Hemiphora elderi

Last updated

Red velvet
Nla.obj-138826867-1.jpg
Painting of H. elderi by Ellis Rowan
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Hemiphora
Species:
H. elderi
Binomial name
Hemiphora elderi
(F.Muell.) F.Muell. [1]
Map.Hemiphora elderi.jpg

Hemiphora elderi, commonly known as red velvet, [2] is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small shrub with its leaves densely covered with white, woolly hairs and with small clusters of reddish-purple, bell-shaped flowers.

Contents

Description

Hemiphora elderi is shrub which grows to a height of about 0.3–0.45 m (10–20 in) with several branches arising from a single main stem. The leaves are pale green, linear to lance-shaped, but often appear almost cylindrical because their edges are strongly turned under. The leaves are 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long, 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, densely covered with white, woolly hairs, warty on the upper surface and with the lower surface often obscured by the rolled leaf edges. [3] [4] [5]

The flowers are arranged in short, leafy, spike-like clusters near the ends of the branches, on short woolly stalks. The flowers are surrounded by woolly, leaf-like bracts 7–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long and bracteoles 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long, glabrous on the upper surface and densely woolly underneath. The five sepals are 8–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, densely covered with reddish-purple, woolly hairs on their outer surface, mostly glabrous inside and joined to form a short tube near their bases. The petals are 15–22 mm (0.6–0.9 in) long and joined for most of their length to form a tube which is reddish-purple coloured or occasionally yellow. The petal tube is hairy outside, mostly glabrous inside except for a hairy ring near the ovary. The five petal lobes are joined to form two "lips", the upper lip with two lobes and longer than the lower one which has three lobes. The upper lip is 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. There are four stamens but the lower two are sterile and do not extend beyond the end of the petal tube. The upper fertile pair extend beyond the end of the petal tube. Flowering occurs from July to November and the fruit is almost spherical, hairy and about 3 mm (0.1 in) in diameter. [3] [4] [5]

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1876 by Ferdinand von Mueller and given the name Chloanthes elderi. The description was published in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae . [6] [7] In 1882 Mueller changed the name to Hemiphora elderi. [1] This species was the only one in the genus Hemiphora until 2011, when Barry Conn, Murray Henwood and Nicola Streiber transferred four species, previously in the genus Pityrodia into Hemiphora. [8] The specific epithet (elderi) honours the philanthropist and pastoralist, Sir Thomas Elder. [9]

Distribution and habitat

Hemiphora elderi is found between Sandstone and Menzies in the north to the Parker Range and upper reaches of the Blackwood River in the south and from Victoria Springs in the east to Cunderdin and Lake Moore in the west. It occurs in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Great Victoria Desert, Mallee, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions where it grows in sand and gravelly sand on undulating plains. [4] [2]

Conservation

Hemiphora elderi is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [4]

Related Research Articles

<i>Dasymalla</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dasymalla is a genus of five species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in this genus are woolly shrubs with five petals joined to form a tube-shaped flower with four stamens of unequal lengths. These species are similar to those in the genus Pityrodia except that the fruit does not release its seeds when mature.

<i>Hemiphora</i> Genus of flowering plants

Hemiphora is a genus of five species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in this genus are woolly shrubs with warty, hairy leaves and with five petals joined to form a tube-shaped flower with four stamens. These species are similar to those in the genus Chloanthes in that the base of the leaves extends down the stem. They differ from Chloanthes, in that the leaves only extend a short distance down the stem.

<i>Quoya atriplicina</i> Species of flowering plant

Quoya atriplicina, commonly known as saltbush foxglove, is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a bushy shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with a layer of hairs, giving them a greyish appearance. The leaves are broad-elliptic to almost circular in shape and the tube-shaped flowers are pink with purple spots inside.

<i>Quoya oldfieldii</i> Species of flowering plant

Quoya oldfieldii, commonly known as Oldfield's foxglove, is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with a layer of brownish hairs. The leaves are egg-shaped and the tube-shaped flowers are pink with purple spots inside.

<i>Dasymalla teckiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Dasymalla teckiana is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a small, openly branched, sticky shrub with mauve and white, bugle-shaped flowers.

<i>Pityrodia loricata</i> Species of plant

Pityrodia loricata is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a dense, greyish, multi-stemmed shrub with whorled leaves, prominent sepals and pale, pinkish-white flowers. It is common in Western Australia and the Northern Territory and there is a single record from South Australia.

<i>Hemiphora bartlingii</i> Species of flowering plant

Hemiphora bartlingii, commonly known as woolly dragon, is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with branches covered with greyish, rusty-coloured hairs, leaves with a blistered appearance and with white, pink or purple flowers over an extended period.

<i>Pityrodia lepidota</i> Species of flowering plant

Pityrodia lepidota is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small, densely-branched shrub with small leaves and whitish, bell-shaped flowers. The entire plant, apart from the petals, is densely covered with small, circular scales.

Muniria angustisepala is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the Northern Territory. It is an erect shrub with softly hairy, warty leaves and pale yellow, woolly flowers.

<i>Quoya dilatata</i> Species of flowering plant

Quoya dilatata is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a low, spreading shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with a layer of white, woolly hairs. The leaves are wrinkled or crinkly and the tube-shaped flowers are orange-red and hairy on the outside.

<i>Pityrodia chrysocalyx</i> Species of flowering plant

Pityrodia chrysocalyx is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, bushy shrub with small, glossy leaves, and flowers with white petals and a golden-yellow calyx.

Muniria megalophylla is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory. It is a shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with a layer of short, greyish, branched hairs and small groups of reddish-pink flowers near the ends of the branches.

<i>Hemiphora exserta</i> Species of flowering plant

Hemiphora exserta is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a sprawling shrub with its branches densely covered with white, woolly hairs. Its leaves are rough and wrinkled and the flowers are deep pink or dark red, curved and tube-shaped with spreading petal lobes on the end.

<i>Hemiphora lanata</i> Species of flowering plant

Hemiphora lanata is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a sprawling shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with white, woolly hairs and with deep pink or dark red, curved, tube-shaped flowers with spreading petal lobes on the end. It is similar to Hemiphora exserta except for its cottony leaf-covering and its longer stamens.

<i>Hemiphora uncinata</i> Species of flowering plant

Hemiphora uncinata is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, spreading shrub with its branches densely covered with white, woolly hairs. Its leaves are rough and wrinkled and the flowers are tube-shaped with deep pink petals with wavy edges.

<i>Quoya loxocarpa</i> Species of flowering plant

Quoya loxocarpa is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia and the Northern Territory. It is an open shrub with many spindly tangled branches. The leaves are oblong and woolly when young and the flowers are whitish pink with purple spots inside and are surrounded by woolly sepals.

<i>Pityrodia hemigenioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Pityrodia hemigenioides is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with densely hairy branches and leaves, and pale white flowers near the ends of the branches.

Quoya paniculata is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with a layer of woolly hairs. The flowers are usually arranged in small groups surrounded by woolly hairs and are bell-shaped and deep purple or deep lilac. It is similar to Dasymalla axillaris and D. terminalis but is distinguished from them by its wedge-shaped leaf ends and more northerly distribution.

<i>Quoya verbascina</i> Species of flowering plant

Quoya verbascina, commonly known as golden bush, is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with its branches and leaves densely covered with woolly hairs. The leaves are often oblong but very variable in shape and the flowers are pinkish-white with pink spots inside and are surrounded by yellow woolly sepals.

<i>Prostanthera canaliculata</i> Species of flowering plant

Prostanthera canaliculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small, erect shrub with hairy branchlets, narrow egg-shaped to narrow elliptical leaves and pale blue or pale violet to white flowers with no markings.

References

  1. 1 2 "Hemiphora elderi". APNI. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  2. 1 2 Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue . Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 212. ISBN   0646402439.
  3. 1 2 Munir, Ahmad Abid (1978). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Hemiphora (Chloanthaceae)". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 1 (3): 163–166.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Hemiphora elderi". FloraBase. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  5. 1 2 "Hemiphora F.Muell". Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  6. ↑ "Chloanthes elderi". APNI. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  7. ↑ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1876). Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Vol. 13. Melbourne: Victorian Government Printer. p. 13. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  8. ↑ Conn, Barry J.; Henwood, Murray J.; Streiber, Nicola (2011). "Synopsis of the tribe Chloantheae and new nomenclatural combinations in Pityrodia s.lat. (Lamiaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 24 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1071/SB10039.
  9. ↑ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2014). CRC world dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. pp. 1955–1956. ISBN   9781482250640.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.