Hibbertia scandens

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Snake vine
Hibbertia scandens orig.jpg
Hibbertia scandens at Dulwich Hill
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Dilleniales
Family: Dilleniaceae
Genus: Hibbertia
Species:
H. scandens
Binomial name
Hibbertia scandens
HibbertiascandensAVH.png
Collection data from the AVH
Synonyms [1]
List
    • Dillenia scandensWilld.
    • ? Dillenia speciosaCurtis
    • Dillenia terneraeflora Ker Gawl. orth. var.
    • Dillenia ternerifloraKer Gawl. nom. illeg.
    • Dillenia turneraefloraDryand. orth. var.
    • Dillenia volubilis(Andrews) Vent.
    • Dillenia volubilis(Andrews) Pers. isonym
    • Hibbertia volubilisAndrews
Aril and flower remnants at Palm Beach Hscandens27903084978 9d5918bd56 o.jpg
Aril and flower remnants at Palm Beach

Hibbertia scandens, sometimes known by the common names snake vine, climbing guinea flower and golden guinea vine, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is climber or scrambler with lance-shaped or egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and yellow flowers with more than thirty stamens arranged around between three and seven glabrous carpels.

Contents

Description

Hibbertia scandens is a climber or scrambler with stems 2–5 m (6 ft 7 in – 16 ft 5 in) long. The leaves are lance-shaped or egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 30–80 mm (1.2–3.1 in) long and 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) wide, sessile and often stem-clasping with the lower surface silky-hairy. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils, each flower on a peduncle 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long. The sepals are 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) long and the petals are yellow, 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) long with more than thirty stamens surrounding the three to seven glabrous carpels. Flowering occurs in most months and the fruit is an orange aril. [2] [3] [4]

Plants near the coast tend to be densely hairy with spatula-shaped leaves and have flowers with six or seven carpels, whilst those further inland are usually more or less glabrous with tapering leaves and flowers with three or four carpels. [3]

The flowers have been reported as having an unpleasant odour [5] variously described as similar to mothballs [6] or animal urine [7] or sweet but with "a pronounced faecal element". [7]

Taxonomy

Snake vine was first formally described in 1799 by German botanist Carl Willdenow who gave it the name Dillenia scandens in Species Plantarum . [8] [9] In 1805, Swedish botanist Jonas Dryander transferred the species into the genus Hibbertia as H. scandens in the Annals of Botany. [10] The specific epithet (scandens) is derived from Latin, and means "climbing". [11]

Three varieties of H. scandens have been described and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census but not by the National Herbarium of New South Wales: [1]

Distribution and habitat

Hibbertia scandens grows on coastal sand dunes, in open forest and at rainforest margins in an area extending from Proserpine in north-eastern Queensland to the far south coast of New South Wales. [3] [5] The species also occurs as an uncommon weed in Auckland, New Zealand. [15]

Ecology

Some pollination surveys place beetles (from the Scarabaeidae, Chrysomelidae and Curculionidae) as the main pollinators of Hibbertia scandens, as well as Hibbertia hypericoides (DC.) Benth., and other species from the Dilleniaceae family, they also place bees and flies as secondary importance (such as Keighery 1975). [16] [17]

Use in horticulture

This species is common in cultivation and adapts to a wide range of growing conditions, including where it is exposed to salt-laden winds. Although it readily grows in semi-shaded areas, it flowers best in full sun and prefers well-drained soil. As it is only hardy down to 5 °C (41 °F) it requires winter protection in temperate regions. In the United Kingdom it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. [18] [19]

Hibbertia scandens appeared on an Australian postage stamp in 1999. [20]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Hibbertia hypericoides</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia hypericoides, commonly known as yellow buttercups, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is usually a spreading shrub with linear to elliptic or egg-shaped leaves, and yellow flowers, usually with ten to fifteen stamens arranged in a cluster on one side of the two densely hairy carpels.

<i>Hibbertia vestita</i> Species of shrub

Hibbertia vestita, commonly known as hairy guinea-flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small shrub with foliage covered with simple hairs, usually linear leaves, and yellow flowers with 22 to 43 stamens with many staminodes arranged around three hairy carpels.

Hibbertia acrotrichion is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of Western Australia. It is a small, erect shrub with linear, cylindrical leaves and yellow flowers arranged singly in leaf axils with eleven stamens arranged in groups.

<i>Hibbertia glaberrima</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia glaberrima is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to Central Australia. It is a glabrous, spreading shrub with oblong to lance-shaped leaves and yellow flowers borne singly in upper leaf axils, with 30 to 150 stamens arranged around three carpels.

<i>Hibbertia glomerosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia glomerosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with linear to narrow oblong leaves and bright yellow flowers borne on the ends of short side shoots, with twenty-five to thirty-eight stamens arranged in groups of five around the five glabrous carpels.

<i>Hibbertia hibbertioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia hibbertioides is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to near-coastal areas of south-western Western Australia. It is a small, prostrate or sprawling shrub with crowded, linear cylindrical leaves and yellow flowers with usually eleven stamens arranged in groups around three carpels.

<i>Hibbertia linearis</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia linearis is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub with linear to oblong or egg-shaped leaves and yellow flowers with 15 to 25 stamens arranged around the three carpels.

Hibbertia mediterranea is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to southern Queensland. It is a much-branched, spreading shrub that has glabrous foliage except on new growth, linear leaves, and yellow flowers with thirty to thirty-eight stamens arranged around three carpels.

Hibbertia monticola, commonly known as mountain guinea flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Queensland. It is a shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and yellow flowers with many stamens arranged around three glabrous carpels.

Hibbertia notibractea is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, sprawling or prostrate shrub with linear to narrow elliptic leaves and yellow flowers with eleven stamens, nine in groups of three, arranged around three glabrous carpels.

<i>Hibbertia platyphylla</i> Species of plant

Hibbertia platyphylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to south-eastern South Australia. It is a shrub with linear stem leaves and yellow flowers arranged singly in leaf axils with ten to fifteen stamens arranged on one side of two carpels.

<i>Hibbertia procumbens</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia procumbens, commonly known as spreading guinea flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a prostrate, often mat-forming shrub with more or less glabrous stems, linear to narrow lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and yellow flowers with eighteen to twenty-five stamens arranged in groups around usually four glabrous carpels.

Hibbertia psilocarpa is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with spirally arranged, narrow oblong to linear leaves and yellow flowers usually with four to eight stamens, all on one side two glabrous carpels.

Hibbertia pulchra is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a multi-stemmed shrub with clustered, linear to narrow egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and yellow flowers with eleven stamens arranged around three carpels.

<i>Hibbertia silvestris</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia silvestris is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a prostrate to more or less erect or spreading shrub with hairy young branchlets, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base and yellow flowers with seven to ten stamens on one side of two softly-hairy carpels.

<i>Hibbertia spicata</i> Species of flowering plant

Hibbertia spicata is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the west of Western Australia. It is a low, erect to spreading shrub with scattered linear leaves with the edges rolled under and yellow flowers with six or seven stamens on one side of two softly-hairy carpels, and a larger number of staminodes.

Hibbertia squarrosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with linear leaves and yellow flowers with twenty stamens arranged around five glabrous carpels.

Hibbertia surcularis is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a low, spreading, rhizome-forming shrub with glabrous foliage, linear leaves and yellow flowers with four stamens joined at the base on one side of two carpels.

Hibbertia trichocalyx is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It is an erect, spreading shrub with oblong to elliptic leaves and yellow flowers with eleven stamens arranged around three glabrous carpels.

Hibbertia woronorana is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is a shrub with glabrous foliage, linear leaves with the edges curved downwards, and yellow flowers with five or six stamens joined at the base on one side of two softly-hairy carpels.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Hibbertia scandens". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Hibbertia scandens". Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). Retrieved 3 April 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 "Hibbertia scandens". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  4. ↑ Carolin, Roger C.; Tindale, Mary D. (1994). Flora of the Sydney region (4th ed.). Chatswood, NSW: Reed. p. 275. ISBN   0730104001.
  5. 1 2 "Environmental Protection Agency - Queensland Government - Snake Vine (Hibbertia scandens)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-03-21. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
  6. ↑ Indigenous plants of Greater Taree (PDF) (third ed.). Greater Taree City Council. 2010. p. 65. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  7. 1 2 Hawksewood, Trevor J. (31 August 1992). "Diphucephala benhardti sp. nov.(Coleoptera: Scarabaediae:Melonthinae) from heathlands of north-eastern New South Wales, Australia and its association with Hibbertia flowers (Dilleniaceae)" (PDF). Giornale Italiano di Entomologia. 6: 109–117. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2010.
  8. ↑ "Dillenia scandens". APNI. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  9. ↑ Willdenow, Carl Ludwig (1799). Species Plantarum. Vol. 2. p. 1251. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  10. ↑ "Hibbertia scandens". APNI. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  11. ↑ William T. Stearn (1992). Botanical Latin. History, grammar, syntax, terminology and vocabulary (4th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. p. 487.
  12. ↑ "Hibbertia scandens var. glabra". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  13. ↑ "Hibbertia scandens var. oxyphylla". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  14. ↑ "Hibbertia scandens var. oxyphylla". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  15. ↑ "Hibertia scandens". New Zealand Plant Conservation Netword. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  16. ↑ Keighery, G.J. (1975). "Pollination of Hibbertia hypericoides (Dilleniaceae) and its evolutionary significance". Journal of Natural History. 9: 681–684.
  17. ↑ Rech, André Rodrigo; Manente-Balestieri, Fatima Cristina de Lazari; Absy, Maria Lúcia (June 2011). "Reproductive biology of Davilla kunthii A. St-Hil. (Dilleniaceae) in Central Amazonia". Acta Bot. Bras. 25 (2): 487–496. doi: 10.1590/S0102-33062011000200024 .
  18. ↑ "RHS Plantfinder - Hibbertia scandens". www.rhs.org. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  19. ↑ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 48. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  20. ↑ "Plant: Hibbertia scandens". Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
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