| Homodiaetus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Homodiaetus anisitsi Eigenmann and Ward (Type) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Trichomycteridae |
| Subfamily: | Stegophilinae |
| Genus: | Homodiaetus Eigenmann & Ward, 1907 |
| Type species | |
| Homodiaetus anisitsi Eigenmann & Ward, 1907 | |
Homodiaetus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
There are currently four recognized species in this genus: [1]
The distribution of Homodiaetus is restricted to the southeastern South America, from Uruguay to Paraguay Rivers in the west to the coastal drainages of the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. H. anisitsi originates from the Paraná-Paraguay River basin. H. banguela inhabits the São João River and H. passarellii is known from coastal basins in the State of Rio de Janeiro. H. graciosa is distributed in coastal basins of southeastern Brazil in states of Paraná and São Paulo. [2]
Homodiaetus is currently distinguished from other genera of Stegophilinae by the combination of the origin of the pelvic fin midlength between the tip of the snout and the caudal-fin origin, the opercle with three or more odontodes, and the gill membranes confluent with the isthmus. [2] Homodiaetus species are small and grow up to 42 millimetres (1.7 in) SL. They are transparent with the except of the head and abdomen. [2] Homodiaetus species have a thin body and depressed head that is almost as wide as the head is long. The dorsal and ventral profiles are straight except for a convex head. The mouth is inferior. [2]
H. anisitsi has three dark bands on its caudal fin, while dark lines are irregular or absent in the other three species. Among the other three species, H. graciosa has 5–6 rows of teeth in the dentary (vs. 6–7 in the other two species). H. graciosa has 7–9 (usually 8) opercular odontodes, H. passarellii has 6–7, and H. banguella has 9. [2]
Homodiaetus species are found in lagoons and arenaceous rivers of little depth. These fish are known to be lepidophagous, meaning they feed upon scales. [2]
The Paraguay River is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It flows about 2,695 kilometres (1,675 mi) from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia.
Hypostomus is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae. They are native to tropical and subtropical South America. H. plecostomus is the popular freshwater aquarium fish formerly known as Plecostomus plecostomus. The taxonomic structure of the Loricariidae is still being expanded by scientists. Hypostomus is a highly species-rich and widely distributed catfish genus.
Listrura is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Rineloricaria is a genus of freshwater tropical catfish belonging to the family Loricariidae. They are commonly called whiptail catfish because of the long filament that grows out of the tip of the caudal fin that is characteristic of the genus. With the exception of R. altipinnis from Panama, they are native to the rivers of northern and central South America. Some species are regularly seen in the aquarium trade.
Hypancistrus is a genus of loricariid catfish originating from the Amazon basin in South America. Unlike many of the other Loricariids, however, some Hypancistrus species are more carnivorous and enjoy meat in their diet. Hypancistrus species are popular aquarium fish, including such popular fish as the zebra pleco and Queen Arabesque pleco.
Scoloplax is the only genus in the catfish family Scoloplacidae, the spiny dwarf catfishes.
Epactionotus is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America.
Batrochoglanis is a small genus of catfishes of the family Pseudopimelodidae.
Hypophthalmus is a genus of long-whiskered catfishes native to freshwater in tropical and subtropical South America.
Hisonotus is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America. Species of Hisonotus and Curculionichthys are the only representatives of the subfamily Otothyrinae having serrae on the posterior edge of the pectoral fin spine. These species are small fishes, generally found in small fast flowing streams, where they grasp to the branches and leaves of aquatic or subaquatic plants. The species of this genus mostly occur in Atlantic coastal streams of southern Brazil and the Paraguay-Paraná system of southern South America. They are also distributed in the Río de La Plata basin and coastal rivers of southeastern Brazil.
Harttia is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America.
Loricaria is a genus of armored catfish native to South America.
Neoplecostomus is a genus of fish in the family Loricariidae native to South America. Neoplecostomus can be distinguished from all other loricariids by a modified shield of small plates on the abdomen with posteriorly directed odontodes; the shield appears to act as a holdfast. The color pattern is generally mottled brown with the abdomen white. The head is long, rounded, and shovel-shaped. The fin spines are weak. They range from about 8 to 11 cm (3.1–4.3 in) SL. The species of Neoplecostomus live in fast-flowing water.
Pareiorhina is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America where they are only found in Brazil. These species are known to occur at altitudes above 650 metres (2100 ft) in various rivers of the Grande, Paraíba do Sul, São Francisco and Tietê River basins. This genus was first erected by Gosline in 1947 as a monotypic genus to include Rhinelepis rudolphi. It was not until 2003 that a second species, P. carrancas, was described. The third species, P. brachyrhyncha was described in 2005. Pareiorhina forms a monophyletic subunit with Neoplecostomus within the subfamily Neoplecostominae.
Isbrueckerichthys is a genus of armored catfishes which are endemic to Brazil.
Megalancistrus is a genus of large suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America.
Pseudolithoxus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes with five described species from the basins of the Orinoco, Casiquiare and upper Rio Negro in Venezuela. Additionally, a possibly undescribed species is known from the Trombetas and Nhamundá rivers in Brazil.
Apareiodon affinis, the darter characine, is a species of fresh water ray-finned fish native to the Río de la Plata Basin in southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina.
Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii, sometimes known as the snow king pleco, is a species of armored catfish native to south-central South America.
Astyanax asuncionensis is a small species of freshwater fish described in 1972 from Asunción, the capital of Paraguay in South America. Its specific epithet is in reference to this. Currently, its range is known to encompass areas of not just Paraguay but also Argentina and Brazil. It is an adaptable, omnivorous species that easily lives in sympatry with various congeners.