Methionine is an essential amino acid in humans. As the precursor of other amino acids such as cysteine and taurine, versatile compounds such as SAM-e, and the important antioxidant glutathione, methionine plays a critical role in the metabolism and health of many species, including humans. It is encoded by the codon AUG.
In molecular biology, biosynthesis is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides. Biosynthesis is usually synonymous with anabolism.
Homoserine (also called isothreonine) is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2CH2OH. L-Homoserine is not one of the common amino acids encoded by DNA. It differs from the proteinogenic amino acid serine by insertion of an additional -CH2- unit into the backbone. Homoserine, or its lactone form, is the product of a cyanogen bromide cleavage of a peptide by degradation of methionine.
The transsulfuration pathway is a metabolic pathway involving the interconversion of cysteine and homocysteine through the intermediate cystathionine. Two transsulfurylation pathways are known: the forward and the reverse.
In enzymology, a succinylglutamate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.71) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an oxalate CoA-transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme threonine synthase (EC 4.2.3.1) catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a N-succinylarginine dihydrolase (EC 3.5.3.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a succinylglutamate desuccinylase (EC 3.5.1.96) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate N-succinyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.117) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an arginine N-succinyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.109) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.61) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a homoserine O-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a cystathionine gamma-synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cystathionine from cysteine and an activated derivative of homoserine, e.g.:
In enzymology, an O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a succinylornithine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.81) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a homoserine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In molecular biology, the Cys/Met metabolism PLP-dependent enzyme family is a family of proteins including enzymes involved in cysteine and methionine metabolism which use PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) as a cofactor.
