Hurricane Agatha

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Map key
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On May 22, The National Hurricane Center (NHC) began monitoring a low-pressure area located several hundred miles offshore southwest of the coast of Mexico. [5] By 06:00 UTC on May 26, the disturbance's showers and thunderstorms began to show some signs of organization while located a few hundred miles south of the Gulf of Tehuantepec. [6] At 23:16 UTC on May 26, visible satellite imagery indicated that a broad low pressure system had formed in association with the disturbed weather. [7] By 03:00 UTC on May 28, the system had achieved sufficient convective organization to be designated as Tropical Depression One-E, the first depression of the 2022 Eastern Pacific hurricane season. [8] The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Agatha around 09:00 UTC that same day, while centered about 220 mi (350 km) south-southwest of Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca. [9] Agatha continued to organize based on satellite imagery, with curved bands forming. [10]

Later, a burst of convection formed near the center, [11] and microwave imagery revealed that Agatha had improved its convective structure and better aligned its low-level circulation. [12] The NHC assessed the system to have strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale by 12:00 UTC on May 29. [13] Agatha was located over warm sea surface temperature of near 86 °F (30 °C) with very low wind shear and began to intensify rapidly. [14] At 21:00 UTC, Agatha was upgraded to a Category 2 system, as Hurricane Hunter aircraft found peak winds of 110 mph (180 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 964 millibars (28.5 inHg), while retaining its intensity. [15] [16]

Agatha's rapid intensification appeared to level off in the early hours of May 30, and the hurricane began an anticipated turn to the northeast. [17] Later that day, as the core of the system approached the coast of Mexico, the satellite presentation of the storm displayed hints of an eye occasionally appearing within the central dense overcast, and convection remained quite deep and symmetric around the center. [18] Agatha made landfall near Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, at 21:00 UTC on May 30, with sustained winds of 105 mph (169 km/h), [19] [20] becoming the strongest landfalling Pacific hurricane on record so early in the year. [2] [21] Inland, the system moved toward the northeast and weakened to a Category 1 hurricane by 00:00 UTC on May 31. [22] Agatha weakened to a tropical storm three hours later, [23] and then to a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC that same day. [24] Soon thereafter, Agatha degenerated into a remnant low over the mountainous terrain of southern Mexico. [25] The low then dissipated early on June 1, inland, near the northern coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. The remnant low was absorbed into the disorganized disturbance complex that eventually became the 2022 Atlantic hurricane season's first named storm, Tropical Storm Alex. [1]

Preparations and impact

Hurricane Agatha making landfall near Puerto Angel, Oaxaca, on May 30 Agatha 2022-05-30 1853Z - 2033Z.gif
Hurricane Agatha making landfall near Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, on May 30

The Mexican government issued a hurricane warning on May 28 for areas along the Oaxaca coast between Salina Cruz and Lagunas de Chacahua, with hurricane watches and tropical storm watches and warnings posted east and west of the warning area. [26] The governments of the states of Oaxaca and Guerrero issued warnings; in Oaxaca, state officials issued warnings to seaside areas and suspended school activities, while ports in Guerrero were closed. [27] Ports were also closed to smaller vessels in Acapulco, Huatulco, Puerto Ángel, and Puerto Escondido. A total of 118 emergency medical care facilities and 215 temporary shelters with capacity for as many as 27,735 people were established throughout Oaxaca. [28] Fourteen shelters were opened in San Pedro Pochutla, [29] and 203 shelters were set up in Puerto Escondido; restaurants and beaches in the city were also closed. [30]

May 30 Hurricane Agatha Infographic ECDM 20220530 TC AGATHA.pdf
May 30 Hurricane Agatha Infographic

On the evening of May 29, intense rainfall hit Acapulco, blocking highways and amassing sea debris on the beaches. A man was trapped in a sewage and was rescued by firefighters and the Red Cross. [31] According to a statement by Governor Alejandro Murat, 9 people were killed by the storm in Oaxaca and a further 6 people were missing. [3] All of these fatalities were due to freshwater flooding in the Sierra Madre del Sur, with some people swept away by overflowing rivers or buried by mudslides. [32] [33] [34] Coastal regions were also heavily impacted. Bridges collapsed on thoroughfares leading to San Pedro Pochutla and Huatulco. [35] Power outages affected 46,563 people in Oaxaca and another 23,519 in neighboring Veracruz according to the Federal Electricity Commission. [36] [37] The Government of Mexico allocated 6.5 billion pesos (US$323 million) in aid for Oaxaca. As of June 18, 635.3 million pesos (US$31.5 million) had been utilized for immediate response efforts, restoration of power, and distribution of relief supplies. The nation's army handled the distribution of funds to victims. [38] AON Benfield estimated that Agatha caused US$50 million of dollars in damage across Mexico. [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

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The 2010 Pacific hurricane season was the least active Pacific hurricane season on record, tied with 1977. The season accumulated the second-fewest ACE units on record, as many of the tropical cyclones were weak and short-lived. Altogether, only three of the season's eight named storms strengthened into hurricanes. Of those, two became major hurricanes, with one, Celia, reaching Category 5 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson scale. Despite the inactivity, however, it was the costliest Pacific hurricane season on record at the time, mostly due to Tropical Storm Agatha. The season officially began on May 15 in the eastern North Pacific and on June 1 in the central North Pacific. It ended in both regions on November 30. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in these regions of the Pacific. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year, as evidenced by the formation of Tropical Storm Omeka on December 19.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Pacific hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Barbara (2013)</span> Pacific hurricane in 2013

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013 Pacific hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Pacific hurricane season</span>

The 2014 Pacific hurricane season was one of the busiest and costliest Pacific hurricane seasons since the keeping of reliable records began in 1949. The season officially started on May 15 in the East Pacific Ocean, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; they both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in these regions of the Pacific.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 Pacific hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the 2010 Pacific hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 Atlantic hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Atlantic hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Atlantic hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Pacific hurricane season</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Pacific hurricane season</span>

The 2022 Pacific hurricane season was an above average hurricane season in the eastern North Pacific basin, with nineteen named storms, ten hurricanes, and four major hurricanes. Two of the storms crossed into the basin from the Atlantic. In the central North Pacific basin, no tropical cyclones formed. The season officially began on May 15 in the eastern Pacific, and on June 1 in the central; both ended on November 30. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in these regions of the Pacific and are adopted by convention.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Enrique (2021)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2021

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Nora (2021)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2021

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Rick (2021)</span> Category 2 Pacific hurricane in 2021

Hurricane Rick was a Category 2 Pacific hurricane that struck the southwestern coast of Mexico in late October 2021. Rick was the overall seventeenth named system and the eighth hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, as well as the fifth named storm and fourth hurricane to make landfall along the Pacific coast of Mexico in 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season</span>

The 2022 Pacific hurricane season was a fairly active tropical cyclone season, with 19 named storm altogether. Ten of those became hurricanes, and four further intensified into major hurricanes. Two of this season's storms, Bonnie and Julia, survived the overland crossover from the Atlantic. The season officially started on May 15 in the eastern Pacific—east of 140°W—and June 1 in the central Pacific—between the International Date Line and 140°W, and ended in both regions on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the eastern Pacific basin. The season's first storm, Agatha, formed on May 28, and last, Roslyn, dissipated on October 23. Rosyln made landfall in Nayarit with 120 mph (195 km/h) winds, making it the strongest landfalling Pacific hurricane since Patricia in 2015. The season's first major hurricane, Bonnie, entered into the basin from the Atlantic basin on July 2, after crossing Nicaragua as a tropical storm, becoming the first storm to survive the crossover from the Atlantic to the Pacific since Otto in 2016. Three months later, Julia became the second to do so.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Blas (2022)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2022

Hurricane Blas was a Category 1 hurricane that brought winds and flooding to several Mexican states in June 2022. The second named storm and second hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season, Blas developed from a low-pressure area off the coast of southwestern Mexico. It became a tropical depression on June 14. and strengthened into a tropical storm later that same day. Blas became a hurricane the next day, while paralleling the coast. The system reached its peak intensity on June 17, at 15:00 UTC, with maximum sustained winds of 80 knots and a central pressure of 976 mbar (28.82 inHg). Later, Blas turned to the west and weakened, becoming a tropical depression on June 20, before transitioning into a post-tropical cyclone on that same day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Bonnie (2022)</span> Category 3 Atlantic and Pacific hurricane in 2022

Hurricane Bonnie was a strong tropical cyclone that survived the crossover from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, the first to do so since Hurricane Otto in 2016. The second named storm of the 2022 Atlantic hurricane season, it originated from a strong tropical wave that moved off the west coast of Africa on June 23. Moving with little development despite favorable conditions, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) started advisories on it as Potential Tropical Cyclone Two late on June 27, due to its imminent threat to land. The disturbance finally organized into Tropical Storm Bonnie at 13:15 UTC on July 1, and made brief landfalls on the Costa Rica–Nicaragua border with winds of 50 miles per hour (80 km/h). It later became the fourth named storm, third hurricane, and first major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season after crossing Nicaragua and Costa Rica from east to west on July 2 and intensifying to a Category 3 hurricane on July 5. Bonnie rapidly weakened, dissipating over the North Pacific.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Orlene (2022)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2022

Hurricane Orlene was a powerful tropical cyclone that caused minor damage to the Pacific coast of Mexico in October 2022. The cyclone was the sixteenth named storm, ninth hurricane, and third major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season. Orlene originated from a low-pressure area off the coast of Mexico. Moving towards the north, Orlene gradually strengthened, becoming a hurricane on October 1 and reaching its peak intensity the following day with winds of 130 mph (215 km/h). Orlene made landfall just north of the Nayarit and Sinaloa border, with winds of 85 mph (140 km/h). Soon afterward, Orlene rapidly weakened and became a tropical depression, eventually dissipating over the Sierra Madre Occidental late on October 4.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Roslyn (2022)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2022

Hurricane Roslyn was a powerful tropical cyclone that struck the Pacific coast of Mexico in October 2022. The nineteenth named storm, tenth hurricane, and fourth major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season, Roslyn formed on October 20, from an area of low pressure that developed off the southwestern coast of Mexico. The system moved west-northwestward, paralleling the coast, where it became a hurricane at 00:00 UTC, on October 22, and, within 18 hours rapidly intensified to a Category 4 hurricane, with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km/h). Roslyn made landfall on October 23 near Santa Cruz in northern Nayarit, at 11:20 UTC with 120 mph (195 km/h) winds. Inland, Roslyn weakened quickly to a tropical storm, and then dissipated over east-central Mexico on October 24.

References

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  38. "Plan de apoyo para Oaxaca tras daños de Agatha: AMLO" [Support plan for Oaxaca after damage from Agatha: AMLO] (in Spanish). Zacatecas en Imagen. June 18, 2022. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
Hurricane Agatha
Agatha 2022-05-30 2010Z.jpg
Agatha at peak intensity nearing landfall in Oaxaca on May 30