This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: It has not been updated using information from the Tropical Cyclone Report and so may contain out-of-date information..(April 2023) |
Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | September 28,2022 |
Dissipated | October 3,2022 |
Category 4 hurricane | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS) | |
Highest winds | 130 mph (215 km/h) |
Lowest pressure | 954 mbar (hPa);28.17 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | None reported |
Damage | $600,000 (2022 USD) |
Areas affected | Northwestern Mexico |
IBTrACS / [1] | |
Part of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season |
Hurricane Orlene was a powerful tropical cyclone that caused minor damage to the Pacific coast of Mexico in October 2022. The cyclone was the sixteenth named storm,ninth hurricane,and third major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season. Orlene originated from a low-pressure area off the coast of Mexico. Moving towards the north,Orlene gradually strengthened,becoming a hurricane on October 1 and reaching its peak intensity the following day with winds of 130 mph (215 km/h). Orlene made landfall just north of the Nayarit and Sinaloa border,with winds of 85 mph (140 km/h). Soon afterward,Orlene rapidly weakened and became a tropical depression,eventually dissipating over the Sierra Madre Occidental late on October 4.
Orlene prompted the issuance of hurricane and tropical storm watches and warnings for Northwestern Mexico. [2] The storm's knocked out power to nearly 49,092 customers in two states. [3] Orlene caused minor damage to many schools. [4] Damage in San Blas was estimated to be in excess of MX$12 million (US$600,000). [5]
On September 25, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) noted the possible development of a low-pressure area located several miles offshore the south of the Southwestern Mexico coast which was conducive for further tropical cyclogenesis [6] The low produced a large area of disorganized showers and thunderstorms. [7] Satellite imagery showed that the associated shower activity was showing signs of organization. [8] By September 29, the NHC initiated advisories on Tropical Depression Sixteen-E. [9] Six hours later, the depression strengthened into a tropical storm, and was assigned the name Orlene. [10] Orlene become better organized, with a small central dense overcast forming. [11] There was a burst of deep convection and a gradual increase in satellite presentation. [12]
Microwave imagery revealed a well-defined curved band wrapping into a developing inner core. [13] Orlene strengthened into a hurricane at 15:00 UTC on October 1, with central convection becoming more symmetric. [14] An Air Force Reserve reconnaissance aircraft recorded 700 mb flight-level winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) around the northeastern eyewall. [15] Later that day, Orlene intensified, reaching Category 2 hurricane. [16] Strengthening continued as Orlene estimated a well-defined eye with a diameter of 10–15 nmi (19–28 km), and at 06:00 UTC the next day, Orlene became a Category 3 hurricane. [17] [18] Six hours later, Orlene peaked as a Category 4 major hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 949 mbar (28.02 inHg). [19] [20] Southwestern wind shear began to increase, as the eye had become cloud-filled as a result, the hurricane weakened to Category 3 strength. [21]
The center of the storm, embedded within an area of cloud top temperatures below 70–80 °C (158–176 °F). [22] Orlene weakened to Category 2 strength at 03:00 UTC on October 3. [23] Orlene's cloud pattern became less organized, due to the influence of strong southwesterly shear associated with an upper-level trough near Baja California. [24] Orlene made landfall just north of the Nayarit and Sinaloa border's, weakening to a Category 1 strength by 13:45 UTC. [25] By 18:00 UTC, the storms moved inland and weakened, into a tropical storm. [26] Orlene rapidly weakened, becoming a tropical depression at 21:00 UTC that same day. [27] The system later dissipated over Sierra Madre Occidental late on October 4. [28]
The Government of Mexico issued a hurricane warning on September 30 for Islas Marías, with tropical storm watches and warnings posted on the coast of San Blas and Manzanillo. [2] In the state of Sinaloa, emergency shelters were opened. [29] The ports of Manzanillo and Puerto Vallarta were closed. [29] According to the Secretary of Tourism of Mazatlan, Rosario Torres Noriega, flights at the airport were suspended due to the approaching storm. [30] Classes were also suspended in Jalisco. [31] Ten municipalities in Jalisco were placed under a "orange" alert. [32] Red alerts were issued for Sinaloa, and Nayarit. [32] More than 300 operational officers and different dependencies were deployed. [33] The State Civil Protection (UEPC) of the Government of Colima were advised to take necessary precautions. [34]
Orlene brought heavy rains that caused landslide in Durango-Mazatlán Superhighway. [35] Orlene produced large swells, affecting areas from the west coast of Mexico. [36] In the municipality of Escuinapa, heavy winds brought down an electricity tower, causing the area to be left without power. Fallen poles and downed trees were reported throughout El Rosario. [37] Border crossings from the state of Sinaloa into the state of Nayarit were minimalized after Orlene made landfall. [38] Orlene affected families approximately 700 people. [39] 242 schools were impacted, receiving minor damage. [4] In Puerto Vallarta, the hurricane caused widespread flooding in the communities. [40] So far, no victims or significant damage have been reported, according to Nayarit's Secretary of Security, Jorge Rodríguez. [30]
Heavy rains were reported across the Acaponeta. [41] Plan DN-III-E, a disaster relief and rescue plan, was activated in Sinaloa after the passage of Orlene. [42] 80 houses were affected in La Huerta. [43] The Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) were deployed its crews to repair the damage caused by the strong winds. [44] The CFE reported 49,092 customers lost electricity across Sinaloa and Nayarit, due to Orlene. [3] Overall, Orlene left at least MX$12 million (US$600,000) of damage in San Blas. [5]
Hurricane Lane was the strongest Pacific hurricane to make landfall in Mexico since Hurricane Kenna of 2002. The thirteenth named storm, ninth hurricane, and sixth major hurricane of the 2006 Pacific hurricane season, Lane developed on September 13 from a tropical wave to the south of Mexico. It moved northwestward, parallel to the coast of Mexico, and steadily intensified in an area conducive to further strengthening. After turning to the northeast, Lane attained peak winds of 125 mph (201 km/h), and made landfall in the state of Sinaloa at peak strength. It rapidly weakened and dissipated on September 17, and later brought precipitation to southern part of the U.S. state of Texas.
The 2013 Pacific hurricane season was the first to see twenty named storms since 2009 but also had the ninth fewest ACE units on record, as many of the storms were weak and short-lived. The season officially began on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific and started on June 1 in the Central Pacific; both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form east of the International Dateline in the North Pacific basin. The first cyclone, Tropical Storm Alvin, formed on May 15, and the last, Tropical Storm Sonia, dissipated on November 4.
Tropical Storm Norman was the fourteenth tropical cyclone of the 2012 Pacific hurricane season that brought minor flooding to western Mexico and record rainfall to areas of Texas in September 2012. Originating from a disturbance near the southern tip of Baja California, it soon moved north and developed into a tropical cyclone on September 28. Upon developing into one, Norman attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (85 km/h). Heading northward into the Gulf of California, the storm began to weaken later that day due to southwesterly wind shear and land interaction. Norman curved northwestward and weakened to a tropical depression early on September 29. Around that time, it briefly moved inland near Topolobampo, Sinaloa, before re-emerging into the Gulf of California. Later on September 29, Norman degenerated into a remnant low pressure area.
Hurricane Erick brought minor impacts to the western coastline of Mexico in July 2013, and was the last of a succession of four Category 1 hurricanes to affect the Pacific coast of Mexico early in the 2013 Pacific hurricane season. The fifth tropical cyclone and named storm and the fourth hurricane of the annual season, Erick originated from a tropical wave that moved off the western coast of Africa on June 18. The wave tracked swiftly westward with little development, emerging into the eastern Pacific on July 1. As a result of favorable environmental conditions, the wave developed into a tropical depression on July 4, and further into Tropical Storm Erick at 0000 UTC on July 5. Steered generally west-northwest, Erick intensified into a Category 1 hurricane and reached its peak intensity with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) on July 6. Its proximity to land and track over increasingly cooler waters caused the storm to deteriorate into a tropical storm the following day, though it remained at such intensity until degenerating into a remnant low early on July 9. The remnant circulation dissipated a few hours later, southwest of Baja California Sur.
Hurricane Patricia was an exceptionally powerful tropical cyclone, the strongest on record worldwide in terms of wind speed and the second-most intense on record worldwide in terms of pressure, behind Typhoon Tip of 870 mbar in 1979, with a minimum atmospheric pressure of 872 mbar. Originating from a sprawling disturbance near the Gulf of Tehuantepec, south of Mexico, in mid-October 2015, Patricia was first classified a tropical depression on October 20. Initial development was slow, with only modest strengthening within the first day of its classification. The system later became a tropical storm and was named Patricia, the twenty-fourth named storm of the annual hurricane season. Exceptionally favorable environmental conditions fueled explosive intensification on October 22. A well-defined eye developed within an intense central dense overcast and Patricia grew from a tropical storm to a Category 5 hurricane in just 24 hours—a near-record pace. On October 23, the hurricane achieved its record peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 215 mph (345 km/h). This made it the most intense tropical cyclone on record in the Western Hemisphere and the strongest globally in terms of one-minute maximum sustained winds.
Hurricane Sandra was the latest-forming major hurricane in the northeastern Pacific basin, the strongest Pacific hurricane on record in November, and the record eleventh major hurricane of the 2015 Pacific hurricane season. Originating from a tropical wave, Sandra was first classified as a tropical depression on November 23 well south of Mexico. Environmental conditions, including high sea surface temperatures and low wind shear, were highly conducive to intensification and the storm quickly organized. A small central dense overcast developed atop the storm and Sandra reached hurricane status early on November 25 after the consolidation of an eye. Sandra reached its peak intensity as a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale with winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and a pressure of 934 mbar early on November 26. Thereafter, increasing shear degraded the hurricane's structure and weakening ensued. Rapid weakening took place on November 27 and Sandra's circulation became devoid of convection as it diminished to a tropical storm that evening. The cyclone degenerated into a remnant low soon thereafter and ultimately dissipated just off the coast of Sinaloa, Mexico, on November 29.
Hurricane Bud was a Category 4 hurricane that brought winds and severe flooding to Mexico throughout its existence as a tropical cyclone in June 2018. It was the second named storm, hurricane, and major hurricane of the 2018 Pacific hurricane season. Bud originated from a tropical wave that departed from Western Africa on May 29. It traveled across the Atlantic Ocean before entering the Northeast Pacific Ocean late on June 6. The system moved towards the northwest and steadily organized, becoming a tropical depression on June 9 and Tropical Storm Bud early the next day. Favorable upper-level winds, ample moisture aloft, and warm sea surface temperatures allowed the storm to rapidly intensify to a hurricane late on June 10, and further to a major hurricane on the following day. Bud ultimately peaked the next morning with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (230 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 943 mbar. Its track curved more northward while the storm rapidly succumbed to the effects of upwelling. Bud made landfall on Baja California Sur as a minimal tropical storm early on June 15. On the next day, land interaction and increasing wind shear caused Bud to degenerate into a post-tropical cyclone. It opened up into a trough of low-pressure on June 16. The remnants of Bud moved towards the Southwestern United States, bringing tropical moisture and gusty winds to the region.
The 2021 Pacific hurricane season was a moderately active Pacific hurricane season, with above-average activity in terms of number of named storms, but below-average activity in terms of major hurricanes, with 17 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes forming in all. It also had a near-normal accumulated cyclone energy (ACE). The season officially began on May 15, 2021 in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, and on June 1, 2021, in the Central Pacific in the Northern Hemisphere. The season ended in both regions on November 30, 2021. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in these regions of the Pacific and are adopted by convention. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year, as illustrated by the formation of Tropical Storm Andres on May 9, which was the earliest forming tropical storm on record in the Eastern Pacific. Conversely, 2021 was the second consecutive season in which no tropical cyclones formed in the Central Pacific.
The 2022 Pacific hurricane season was a fairly active Pacific hurricane season, with nineteen named storms, ten hurricanes, and four major hurricanes forming. Also, it was the third consecutive season in which no tropical cyclones formed in the Central Pacific Ocean. The season officially began on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; both ended on November 30. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in these regions of the Pacific and are adopted by convention.
Hurricane Willa was a powerful tropical cyclone that brought torrential rains and destructive winds to southwestern Mexico, particularly the states of Sinaloa and Nayarit, during late-October 2018. It was the twenty-fifth tropical cyclone, twenty-second named storm, thirteenth hurricane, tenth major hurricane, and record-tying third Category 5 hurricane of the 2018 Pacific hurricane season. Willa was the first major hurricane to make landfall in the Mexican state of Sinaloa since Lane in 2006.
Tropical Storm Dolores was a strong tropical storm that affected several states in southwestern Mexico in June 2021. The fourth named storm of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, Dolores developed from a low-pressure area that formed offshore the state of Oaxaca on June 16, 2021. The area steadily developed deep convection and a closed surface circulation, becoming Tropical Depression Four-E around 09:00 UTC on June 18. The depression quickly strengthened to Tropical Storm Dolores six hours later. As it gradually approached the coast, Dolores steadily intensified despite its proximity to land. It reached peak intensity at 15:00 UTC on June 19 with maximum sustained winds of 70 mph (115 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 990 millibars (29 inHg), just below hurricane strength. Shortly afterward, Dolores made landfall just northwest of Punta San Telmo, Mexico, near the Colima-Michoacán state border. The storm rapidly weakened as it moved inland and dissipated early on June 20 over Zacatecas. However, the storm's mid-level circulation continued northward, before it dissipated later that day.
Hurricane Enrique was a high-end category 1 hurricane that brought heavy rainfall and flooding to the southwestern Mexico, causing $50 million damages and two direct deaths. The system also threatened the Baja California Peninsula as a tropical storm; however, it became a remnant low prior to affecting the region. Enrique was the fifth depression and named storm, as well as the first hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season. A tropical wave over the Pacific Ocean near Nicaragua started to produce large amounts of unorganized thunderstorms by June 22. In an environment conducive for intensification, the disturbance traveled west-northwestward and on 09:00 UTC of June 25, advisories were issued on Tropical Storm Enrique as an advanced scatterometer pass on the system showed gale-force winds were present on the system's southeast quadrant. The system further organized under an area of warm waters and low wind shear while continuing its motion, slowing by 21:00 UTC of that day before strengthening to a Category 1 hurricane and turning northwestward. As it neared the coast of Mexico, Enrique's strengthening trend halted as dry air started to impact the system. An eye feature started to appear on visible satellite imagery by June 26 as it turned northwest.
Hurricane Nora was a large tropical cyclone that made landfall in southern Mexico, and later went to affect Baja California. The fourteenth named storm, and fifth hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, the system was first monitored by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) as an area of low pressure near the coast of Mexico. It intensified into Tropical Depression Fourteen-E, but the depression struggled to develop as a result of wind shear. It further intensified to a tropical storm and was named Nora as it tracked west-northwest. It peaked as a Category 1 hurricane with winds of 85 miles per hour (140 km/h) on August 28, before grazing the Mexico coastline and making landfall two separate times, dissipating on August 30. According to the National Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Report, three direct deaths occurred as a result of Nora.
Hurricane Olaf was a Category 2 Pacific hurricane that struck the Baja California Peninsula in September 2021. The fifteenth named storm and sixth hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, the cyclone formed from an area of low pressure that developed off the southwestern coast of Mexico on September 5. The disturbance developed within a favorable environment, acquiring more convection and a surface circulation. The area was determined to have developed into Tropical Depression Fifteen-E on September 8. The depression strengthened into a tropical storm and was named Olaf at 15:00 UTC that day. Olaf quickly strengthened as it moved to the north-northwest, and was upgraded to a hurricane 24 hours after being named. Hurricane Olaf continued to intensify and reached peak intensity while its center was just offshore the southwestern coast of Baja California Sur, with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph (155 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 968 millibars. Just after reaching peak intensity, the hurricane made landfall near San José del Cabo. Interaction with the mountainous terrain of the Baja California Peninsula caused Olaf to quickly weaken. It was downgraded to a tropical storm at 15:00 UTC on September 10. The system became devoid of convection that day and degenerated to a remnant low at 09:00 UTC on September 11.
Hurricane Pamela was a Category 1 Pacific hurricane that caused seven deaths and US$10 million in damage across the northwestern and western states of Mexico in October 2021. The sixteenth named storm and seventh hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, the storm originated from a tropical wave over the Atlantic basin, over the Caribbean Sea. It then quickly crossed into the Pacific Ocean, where it slowly consolidated, with a low-pressure area forming from the wave on October 9. Environmental conditions in the area were proved favorable for tropical cyclogenesis and developed into Tropical Depression Sixteen-E on the next day. It then organized further into Tropical Storm Pamela on that night. Despite wind shear and dry air affecting the cyclone, Pamela continued to strengthen and became a hurricane on October 12 before weakening back to a tropical storm as it continued to succumb onto these factors. However, as the system turned towards the coast of Mexico, Pamela restrengthened to a low-end hurricane before making landfall over Estacion Dimas, Sinaloa on 15:00 UTC on October 13 before rapidly weakening inland. It then dissipated over Coahuila on the early hours on the next day.
Hurricane Rick was the fifth named storm and fourth hurricane to make landfall along the Pacific coast of Mexico in 2021. The seventeenth named system and the eighth hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, Rick formed as a low pressure system and was quickly upgraded to a tropical depression on October 21. Late on October 22, the storm was designated as a tropical storm and was given the name Rick. A few hours later, on October 23, the storm was upgraded to a hurricane. Rick continued to intensify and reached peak intensity early on October 25, making landfall as a Category 2 hurricane at 10:00 UTC that morning.
Hurricane Blas was a Category 1 hurricane that brought winds and flooding to several Mexican states in June 2022. The second named storm and second hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season, Blas developed from a low-pressure area off the coast of southwestern Mexico. It became a tropical depression on June 14. and strengthened into a tropical storm later that same day. Blas became a hurricane the next day, while paralleling the coast. The system reached its peak intensity on June 17, at 15:00 UTC, with maximum sustained winds of 80 knots and a central pressure of 976 mbar (28.82 inHg). Later, Blas turned to the west and weakened, becoming a tropical depression on June 20, before transitioning into a post-tropical cyclone on that same day.
Hurricane Bonnie was a strong tropical cyclone that survived the crossover from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, the first to do so since Hurricane Otto in 2016. The second named storm of the 2022 Atlantic hurricane season, it originated from a strong tropical wave that moved off the west coast of Africa on June 23. Moving with little development despite favorable conditions, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) started advisories on it as Potential Tropical Cyclone Two late on June 27, due to its imminent threat to land. The disturbance finally organized into Tropical Storm Bonnie at 13:15 UTC on July 1, and made brief landfalls on the Costa Rica–Nicaragua border with winds of 50 miles per hour (80 km/h). It later became the fourth named storm, third hurricane, and first major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season after crossing Nicaragua and Costa Rica from east to west on July 2 and intensifying to a Category 3 hurricane on July 5. Bonnie rapidly weakened, dissipating over the North Pacific.
Hurricane Roslyn was a powerful tropical cyclone that was the strongest landfalling Pacific hurricane since Hurricane Patricia in 2015. The nineteenth named storm, tenth hurricane, and fourth major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season, Roslyn formed on October 20, from an area of low pressure that developed off the southwestern coast of Mexico. The system moved west-northwestward, paralleling the coast, where it became a hurricane at 00:00 UTC, on October 22, and, within 18 hours rapidly intensified to a Category 4 hurricane, with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km/h). Roslyn made landfall on October 23 near Santa Cruz in northern Nayarit, at 11:20 UTC with 120 mph (195 km/h) winds. Inland, Roslyn weakened quickly to a tropical storm, and then dissipated over east-central Mexico on October 24.
Hurricane Beatriz was a Category 1 Pacific hurricane that caused widespread flooding along much of the Pacific coast of southwestern Mexico in late June and early July 2023. The second named storm and second hurricane of the 2023 Pacific hurricane season, Beatriz developed from an area of low pressure that first formed offshore of southern Mexico on June 25. The disturbance was slow to organize, but due to the impending threat it posed to the Mexican coast, advisories were initiated on it as Potential Tropical Cyclone Two-E at 03:00 UTC on June 29. The system organized into a tropical depression six hours later. Later that day, the depression strengthened into a tropical storm and was named Beatriz. Closely paralleling the coast of Mexico, Beatriz rapidly intensified into a hurricane at 15:00 UTC on June 30. The storm peaked in intensity shortly after with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (137 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 992 mbar (29.3 inHg). Early on July 1, the hurricane's center brushed the coast near Punta San Telmo, after which it steadily lost organization. Beatriz weakened to a tropical storm shortly thereafter, and the system dissipated entirely by 18:00 UTC that day offshore of Cabo Corrientes.
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