Iophon (sponge)

Iophon
Iophon minor
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Demospongiae
Order:	Poecilosclerida
Family:	Acarnidae
Genus:	Iophon (Gray, 1867)
Species
See text.
Synonyms [1]
Alebion(Gray, 1867) Burtonella(de Laubenfels, 1928) Dendoryx (Iophon)(Gray, 1867) Hymedesanisochela(Bakus, 1966) Ingallia(Gray, 1867) Iophonopsis(Dendy, 1924) Iophonota(Laubenfels, 1936) Menyllus(Gray, 1867) Myxilla (Pocillon)(Topsent, 1891) Pocillon(Topsent, 1891)

Iophon is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Acarnidae. ^[2] The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution. ^[2]

Description

This genus contains species with non-fistulose, massive, branching or encrusting growth forms. The ectosomal (outer) skeleton is made of tylotes (long, slender megascleres with knobs at both ends) with microspined bases. ^[3] The choanosomal (inner) skeleton is a rounded, triangular or square-meshed network of smooth or spined choanosomal styles, arranged singly or with 2-3 per row. ^[3] The microscleres include bipocilla and palmate anisochelae with spurs. Bipocilla are unique to this genus. They are modified anisochela in which the wing-like alae are joined together by a short curved shaft. ^[4] Toxas are absent. ^[3]

Species

The following species are recognised: ^[5]

• Iophon abnormalis (Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
• Iophon aceratum (Hentschel, 1914)
• Iophon bipocillum (Aguilar-Camacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013)
• Iophon cheliferum (Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
• Iophon chilense (Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest, 1996)
• Iophon cylindricum (Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
• Iophon dogieli (Koltun, 1955)
• Iophon dubium (Hansen, 1885)
• Iophon flabellodigitatum (Kirkpatrick, 1907)
• Iophon frigidum (Lundbeck, 1905)
• Iophon funis (Topsent, 1892)
• Iophon gaussi (Hentschel, 1914)
• Iophon hesperidesi (Rios, Cristobo & Urgorri, 2004)
• Iophon husvikense (Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012)
• Iophon hyndmani (Bowerbank, 1858)
• Iophon indentatus (Wilson, 1904)
• Iophon koltuni (Morozov, Sabirov & Zimina, 2019)
• Iophon laevistylus (Dendy, 1924)
• Iophon lamella (Wilson, 1904)
• Iophon laminale (Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
• Iophon methanophila (Cárdenas, 2019)
• Iophon minor (Brøndsted, 1924)
• Iophon nigricans (Bowerbank, 1858)
• Iophon omnivorus (Ridley & Dendy, 1887)
• Iophon ostiamagna (Wilson, 1904)
• Iophon parvachela (Esteves, de Paula, Lerner, Lôbo-Hajdu & Hajdu, 2018)
• Iophon piceum (Vosmaer, 1882)
• Iophon pictoni (Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2011)
• Iophon pluricorne (Topsent, 1907)
• Iophon pommeraniae (Thiele, 1903)
• Iophon proximum (Ridley,1881)
• Iophon radiatum (Topsent, 1901)
• Iophon rayae (Bakus, 1966)
• Iophon roseum (Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2016)
• Iophon semispinosum (Bergquist, 1961)
• Iophon spinulentum (Bowerbank, 1866)
• Iophon terranovae (Calcinai & Pansini, 2000)
• Iophon timidum (Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest, 1996)
• Iophon tubiforme (Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest, 1996)
• Iophon unicorne (Topsent, 1907)
• Iophon variopocillatum (Alander, 1942)

References

1. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Iophon Gray, 1867". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2021-08-15.
2. "Iophon Gray, 1867". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
3. Hooper, John N. A. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Family Acarnidae Dendy, 1922" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 412–431, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_51, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2021-08-15
4. "Marine Species Identification Portal : Sponges of the NE Atlantic : Glossary : bipocillum". species-identification.org. Retrieved 2021-08-15.
5. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Iophon Gray, 1867". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2021-08-15.