Iris histrio

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Iris histrio
Iris histrio 1.JPG
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Hermodactyloides
Section: Iris sect. Reticulatae
Species:
I. histrio
Binomial name
Iris histrio
Synonyms
  • Iris libani(Reuter)
  • Iris reticulata var. histrio(Foster)
  • Xiphion histrio(Rchb.f) [2]
  • Iridodictyum histrio(Rchb.f.) [3]

Iris histrio, the Syrian iris, is a species in the genus Iris , it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria and southern Turkey.

Contents

It was first collected by Charles Gaillardot in Lebanon in 1854. [4] [5] In 1873, Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (Rchb.f) wrote about the bulb in his 'Botanische Notizen'. [6] This then joined the subspecies of iris reticulata, which has now been grouped with other under the subgenus of Hermodactyloides. [7]

It is commonly known as the Syrian iris. [8]

Iris histrio is an accepted name by the RHS. [9]

It has baby blue flowers with intricate markings, shading to purplish blue at the base. [10]

Like other members of the Reticulatae group, such as Iris vartanii and Iris danfordiae , it throws out a very large number of small bulbils round the base of the bulb. If these are planted separately in a reserve ground, they will develop into flowering bulbs in the course of two or three years. Seedlings of I. vartani certainly, and of I. histrio normally needs protection at all times, especially in the UK. [11]

It can grow in loamy soils. [12]

Native

Originally located in Kyrgyzstan. [13] It can also be found in Israel, [14] Lebanon, [15] Syria and as far west as southern Turkey. [16] It's a commonly found plant in Lebanon compared to Iris sofarana and Iris cedreti which are considered to be highly threatened species in Lebanon. [17]

Subspecies

Iris histrio has been separated into two subspecies by Mathew (1989) as subsp. histrio and subsp. aintabensis because of variations in leaf, perigon tube and segment measurements. [12]

Iris histrio subsp. aintabensis has pale smaller blue flowers that are splashed darker on the falls and with a yellow or orange ridge. It is reported to be easier to grow than the species. [10] Also known as Iris histrio var. aintabensis. [18] It was found in the rocky scrublands of southern Turkey, in the Gaziantep-Maras region. [19]

Iris histrio subsp. atropurpurea (Dykes) has purple flowers but with no markings on the falls. [20] Found in 1913. This is now thought, to be a synonym of Iris reticulata var. reticulata. [21]

Related Research Articles

<i>Iris</i> (plant) genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae

Iris is a genus of 260–300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers. It takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of the rainbow, Iris. Some authors state that the name refers to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is 'flags', while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as 'junos', particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

<i>Iris aucheri</i> Species of plant

Iris aucheri, the Aucher-Éloy iris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is a bulbous perennial in the Juno group of irises.

<i>Iris histrioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris histrioides, the orchis iris, winter iris or Harput iris, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, subgenus Hermodactyloides of the family Iridaceae. It is a bulbous perennial, that is native to Turkey, and has blue scented flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, and has many known cultivars.

<i>Iris danfordiae</i> Species of plant

Iris danfordiae, the dwarf iris or Danford iris, is a bulbous perennial plant in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is from Turkey in Asia. It has 2 gray-green or bluish green, thick leaves, short slender stem holding a scented flower, in shades of yellow. They are spotted olive-green or green and have a deep yellow or orange crest.

<i>Iris reticulata</i> var. <i>bakeriana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Iris reticulata var. bakeriana is a variety of plant in the genus Iris. It is sometimes named Iris bakerana, especially in the USA.

<i>Iris hyrcana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris hyrcana, the Hyrcana iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from central Asia, from Azerbaijan to Iran.

<i>Iris kolpakowskiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia.

Iris pamphylica is a plant species in the genus Iris. It is the largest member of the subgenus Hermodactyloides, it is also in the section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from Antalya Province in Turkey, Asia. It has long narrow leaves, shorter stem holding a bi-coloured flower in shades of purple, blue or purple-brown, with a yellow, purple-spotted section on a petal.

<i>Iris vartanii</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris vartanii is a plant species in the genus Iris. It is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial.

<i>Iris winogradowii</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris winogradowii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial, from the Caucasus mountains of Azerbaijan and Georgia.

Iris zagrica is a species in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial plant.

<i>Iris <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Iris</i> Subgenus of flowering plants

Subgenus Iris is one subgenus of Iris.

<i>Iris rosenbachiana</i> Species of plant

Iris rosenbachiana, the spinster iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, within Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has long mid-green leaves, short flower stem, sweet scented flowers in early spring in shades of purple.

<i>Iris stenophylla</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris stenophylla is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial.

<i>Iris mesopotamica</i> Species of plant

Iris mesopotamica, the Mesopotamian iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the middle East, within the countries of Turkey, Syria and Israel. It has linear, grey-green or green broad leaves, tall stem with 2–3 branches, holding up to 9 scented flowers, in shades of violet, purple, lavender blue and light blue, with a yellow and white or orange and white beard. It is listed as a synonym of Iris germanica in some sources. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, including being planted in graveyards and cemeteries.

<i>Iris atrofusca</i> Species of plant

Iris atrofusca is a species in the genus Iris, where it is placed in the subgenus Iris and the section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial from the deserts of Israel and Jordan. The species has long falcate (sickle-shaped) or ensiform (sword-shaped) leaves, a long thick stem and large fragrant flowers that come in shades of purple brown, reddish-black, black-brown, dark brown, dark lilac or dark purple. The flowers also have a black or brownish-black signal patch and a thick beard that is brown-black, light brown or yellow tipped with brown. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris atropurpurea</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris atropurpurea, the coastal iris is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Israel. It has glaucous (blue-green), linear, falcate (sickle-shaped) leaves. Between February and March, it has between 1 and 2 flowers, in dark shades from red-brown, burgundy, dark purple to blackish purple. They have a darker signal patch and yellow beard tipped with purple. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, due to it needing very dry conditions.

<i>Iris bismarckiana</i> Species of plant

Iris bismarckiana, the Nazareth iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountainsides of Israel, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria. It has stoloniferous, spreading rhizomes, long, sword shaped, bright green leaves, long slender stem and 1 flower in Spring. The large flower is pale yellow, creamy-white, or white background. Which is covered with reddish-brown, maroon brown, purple-brown, purple, blue-purple, or blue veins, markings or spots. It has a dark signal patch and dark purple to black beard. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, as it needs very dry conditions during the summer.

<i>Iris lortetii</i> species of plant

Iris lortetii is a species in the genus Iris. It has straight grey-green leaves, a 30–50 cm tall stem, and large showy flowers in late spring or mid-summer that come in shades of pink, from white, lilac, pale lavender and grey-purple. It is veined and dotted pink or maroon. It has a signal patch that is deep maroon and a sparse and brown, purple-brown or reddish beard.

References

  1. ↑ Sapir, Y.; Semaan, M.; Fragman-Sapir, O. (2020). "Iris histrio". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T13161727A177442282. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T13161727A177442282.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Curtis's Botanical Magazine.
  3. ↑ "Iris histrio Rchb.f". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  4. ↑ W.R.Dykes. The Genus Iris. 1913
  5. ↑ Kew Herbarium
  6. ↑ "(SPEC) Iris histrio Reich". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  7. ↑ British Iris Society A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 279, at Google Books
  8. ↑ Donald Wyman Wyman's Gardening Encyclopedia , p. 576, at Google Books
  9. ↑ "Iris histrio". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  10. 1 2 "Reticulata Irises". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
  11. ↑ Foster, Prof. Michael (3 May 1892). "Bulbous Irises" . Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  12. 1 2 Kandemir, Nezahat; Çeliki, Ali; Surucu, Abdulkadir (12 October 2011). "Ecological Response of some Iris L. Taxa (Iridaceae) In Turkey" (pdf). www.banglajol.info (Department of Biology, Education Faculty, Amasya University). Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  13. ↑ "Iris histrio". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  14. ↑ Fragman-Sapir, Dr Ori (16 March 2006). "Iris histrio". www.bulbsociety.org. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  15. ↑ Christopher Grey-Wilson Cyclamen: A Guide for Gardeners, Horticulturists and Botanists , p. 98, at Google Books
  16. ↑ "Iris histrio". rareplants.co.uk. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  17. ↑ Saad, Layla; Khuri, Sawsan (4 August 2003). "Hanging in There by a Fall – The Oncocyclus Irises of Lebanon" (PDF). orbi.ulg.ac.be. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  18. ↑ Walters, Stuart Max (Editor 2011) European Garden Flora: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated , p. 354, at Google Books
  19. ↑ "Iris histrio". encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  20. ↑ Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN   978-0881927306. OL   8176432M.
  21. ↑ "Iris histrio var. atropurpurea (Dykes)". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 21 July 2014.

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