Iris winogradowii

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Iris winogradowii
Iris winogradowii.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Hermodactyloides
Section: Iris sect. Reticulatae
Species:
I. winogradowii
Binomial name
Iris winogradowii
Synonyms [1]

Iridodictyum winogradowii(Fomin) Rodion.

Iris winogradowii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris , classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial, from the Caucasus mountains of Azerbaijan and Georgia.

Contents

Description

It has pale primrose yellow flowers, [2] with green spots on the falls, [3] the scented flowers are up 5 cm tall and emerge between April and May. [4] With stem and flower the plant reaches a height of 10–15 cm. [3] The leaves emerge after flowering and grow up to 30–40 cm. [4] It has between 2–4 leaves each growing season. [5]

Taxonomy

It is sometimes known from the common name of Wingradoff's iris. [2]

It was named after P.Z. Winogradow-Nitikin who first described it. [4]

It was first found in 1914 and then published and described by Aleksandr Vasiljevich Fomin in 'Schedule Herb Flora Caucasus'. Vol.4 on page 88 in 1914. [6] [7]

An illustration was seen in 1961 in the 'Collins Guide to Bulbs'. [8] It was grown in Australia from seed provided by the Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Petersburg in 1972. [9]

It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003, then updated on 1 December 2004. [7]

Iris winogradowii is an accepted name by the RHS. [10] The iris later gained the RHS's Award of Garden Merit. [11]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to temperate Asia. [7]

Range

It is found in Azerbaijan and Georgia. [7]

In 1972, Dr Rodionenko noted that several hundred iris plants were on Mount Lomtismta near Bakuriani, (in Georgia). [12]

Habitat

In 1914, it was originally found in the gravelly soils of the alpine meadows of Mount Lomtismta. Part of the Caucasus regions of Adzharo-Imeretinskiy Range. [13]

Conservation

The plant is now on the 'endangered' list. Now only found in the republics of Georgia and Abkhazia. [9] [14] Only a couple of hundred plants existed in 1978. [5] In the Caucasus mountains, it is at risk of extinction due to the over-collection of the flowers and bulbs. [15]

Cultivation

It was first grown in the UK in 1923. [4]

Due to its alpine origins, it prefers to grow in semi-shade in cool peat enriched soils. [16]

It is normally grown in a rock garden, alpine house or bulb frame. [5] In gardens it prefers humus-rich, porous soil in cool shade and does best if replanted each year after a fairly dry summer.

It has been remarked that this species is difficult to grow in a pot. [3]

Cultivars

Iris 'Katharine Hodgkin' Iris histrioides 'Katharine Hodgkin' 3.JPG
Iris 'Katharine Hodgkin'

In 1960, E.B. Anderson created the hybrid of Iris histrioides and Iris winogradowii. He then named the plant after the wife of a fellow enthusiast, Eliot Hodgkin (mother of Sir Gordon Howard Eliot Hodgkin). [3] Iris Katharine Hodgkin has light blue standards and pale yellow falls. [17]

Iris 'Sheila Ann Germaney' is another hybrid between Iris histrioides and Iris winogradowii. It is similar to 'Katherine Hodgkin', with a paler blue tone and less yellow colouring. [3]

Iris 'Frank Elder' is a white form hybrid. [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Iris</i> (plant) genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae

Iris is a genus of 260–300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers. It takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of the rainbow, Iris. Some authors state that the name refers to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is 'flags', while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as 'junos', particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

<i>Iris reticulata</i> Species of flowering plant in the iris family Iridaceae

Iris reticulata, the netted iris or golden netted iris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is native to Russia, the Caucasus, and northern Iran, but cultivated widely in temperate regions. The reticulata group of irises is characterised by a fibrous net surrounding the bulb. They are small plants to 15 centimetres (5.9 in), with tubular, sharply-pointed, ribbed leaves, and flowers of yellow, blue or purple with an orange blaze on the falls, appearing in early spring. They are hardy, but prefer a well-drained sunny position in soil which dries out in summer; they are therefore suitable for a rock or gravel garden.

<i>Iris histrioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris histrioides, the orchis iris, winter iris or Harput iris, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, subgenus Hermodactyloides of the family Iridaceae. It is a bulbous perennial, that is native to Turkey, and has blue scented flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, and has many known cultivars.

<i>Iris danfordiae</i> Species of plant

Iris danfordiae, the dwarf iris or Danford iris, is a bulbous perennial plant in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is from Turkey in Asia. It has 2 gray-green or bluish green, thick leaves, short slender stem holding a scented flower, in shades of yellow. They are spotted olive-green or green and have a deep yellow or orange crest.

<i>Iris reticulata</i> var. <i>bakeriana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Iris reticulata var. bakeriana is a variety of plant in the genus Iris. It is sometimes named Iris bakerana, especially in the USA.

<i>Iris hyrcana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris hyrcana, the Hyrcana iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from central Asia, from Azerbaijan to Iran.

<i>Iris kolpakowskiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia.

Iris pamphylica is a plant species in the genus Iris. It is the largest member of the subgenus Hermodactyloides, it is also in the section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from Antalya Province in Turkey, Asia. It has long narrow leaves, shorter stem holding a bi-coloured flower in shades of purple, blue or purple-brown, with a yellow, purple-spotted section on a petal.

<i>Iris vartanii</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris vartanii is a plant species in the genus Iris. It is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial.

<i>Iris histrio</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris histrio, the Syrian iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria and southern Turkey.

<i>Iris caucasica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris caucasica is a species of plant in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Scorpiris. Pronounced as 'kaw-KAS-ee-kuh'.

<i>Iris pseudocaucasica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris pseudocaucasica is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from central Asia, within the Caucasus and in Iran, Iraq and Turkey. It has

<i>Iris rosenbachiana</i> Species of plant

Iris rosenbachiana, the spinster iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, within Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has long mid-green leaves, short flower stem, sweet scented flowers in early spring in shades of purple.

Iris vicaria is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia, found in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It has tall arching leaves, and has varied coloured flowers, with white, blue and purple between April and May.

Iris warleyensis is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It has long arching mid-green leaves, thin stem and spring flowers in shades of blue.

Iris orchioides, the 'orchid iris,' is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the mountains of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. It has dark green leaves, slender stems, up to 3 yellow flowers in spring. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris maracandica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris maracandica is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Uzbekistan, Central Asia. It has short stems, scented spring flowers in shades of yellow.

Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica is a species of the genus Iris, part of a subgenus known as Limniris and in the series Spuriae. It is a subspecies of Iris spuria and is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkey in Asia with flowers in various shades of blue, but there are rare white forms. They have a yellow centre and darker veining. It has the common name of 'Muslim iris'. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris acutiloba</i> Species of plant

Iris acutiloba is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of the Caucasus and found in Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Dagestan in the North Caucasus, and Iran. It is a dwarf species, with narrow, falcate or curved leaves, it has one flower in spring or early summer, that comes in shades from cream, creamy white, whitish, pale brown, light grey, to pale violet. It is heavily veined or streaked and pointed, with 2 dark spots and brown, purple, dark purple, or black short beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. There are two subspecies, Iris acutiloba subsp. lineolata and Iris acutiloba subsp. longitepala.

Iris camillae is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Azerbaijan. It has narrow, falcate (sickle-shaped) leaves, medium-sized stem and large flowers, where the flower colour is very variable, ranging from violet, purple, pale blue, and also yellow, and occasionally bi-colour forms are found. It has a yellow beard. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, due to its environmental conditions of its natural habitat.

References

  1. ↑ "Iris winogradowii Fomin". theplantlist.org. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Taaffe, Gerald (November 2007). "Bulbs for the Rock Garden" (PDF). nargs.org. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Reticulata Irises". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN   978-0881927306. OL   8176432M.
  5. 1 2 3 Gren Lucas (editor) The IUCN Plant Red Data Book , p. 243, at Google Books
  6. ↑ "Iris winogradowii". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Iris winogradowii". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  8. ↑ Walters, Stuart Max (Editor) European Garden Flora: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated , p. 354, at Google Books
  9. 1 2 "Iris (Iris winogradowii)". www.mnh.si.edu (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History). Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  10. ↑ "Iris winogradowii". rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  11. ↑ "Iris winogradowii AGM". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  12. ↑ British Iris Society A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 243, at Google Books
  13. ↑ "Iridodictyum winogradowii (Fomin) Rodion". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  14. ↑ "Rare, Endangered and Vulnerable Plants of the Republic of Georgia". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  15. ↑ Lyte, Charles (17 March 2001). "In focus: iris reticulata". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  16. ↑ "Reticulata Or Dwarf Bulbous Irises". www.herbs2000.com. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  17. ↑ Hoyland, John (22 February 2008). "Iris 'Katharine Hodgkin': How to grow". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 27 June 2014.

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