Italian Americans in New York City

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New York City has the largest population of Italian Americans in the United States of America as well as North America, many of whom inhabit ethnic enclaves in Brooklyn, the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island. New York is home to the third largest Italian population outside of Italy, behind São Paulo, Brazil and Buenos Aires, Argentina, respectively. Over 1.3 million Italians and Italian-Americans live in the greater New York metro area, with about 800,000 living within one of the five New York City boroughs.

The first Italian to reside in New York was Pietro Cesare Alberti, [1] a Venetian seaman who, in 1635, settled in the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam that would eventually become New York. A small wave of Protestants, known as Waldensians, who were of French and northern Italian heritage (specifically Piedmontese), occurred during the 17th century, with the majority coming between 1654 and 1663. [2] A 1671 Dutch record indicates that, in 1656 alone, the Duchy of Savoy near Turin, Italy, had exiled 300 Waldensians due to their Protestant faith.

The largest wave of Italian immigration to the United States took place in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Between 1820 and 1978, 5.3 million Italians immigrated to the United States, including over two million between 1900 and 1910. Only the Irish and Germans immigrated in larger numbers.

The first New York neighborhood to be settled by large numbers of Italian immigrants – primarily from Southern Italy (mostly from Sicily) – was East Harlem, which became the first part of the city to be known as "Little Italy". The area, which lies east of Lexington Avenue between 96th and 116th Streets and east of Madison Avenue between 116th and 125th Streets, featured people from different regions of Italy on each cross street, as immigrants from each area chose to live in close proximity to each other. [3]

"Italian Harlem" approached its peak in the 1930s, with over 100,000 Italian-Americans living in its crowded, run-down apartment buildings. [4] The 1930 census showed that 81 percent of the population of Italian Harlem consisted of first- or second- generation Italian Americans. This was somewhat less than the concentration of Italian Americans in the Lower East Side’s Little Italy with 88 percent; Italian Harlem’s total population, however, was three times that of Little Italy. [5] Remnants of the neighborhood's Italian heritage are kept alive by the Giglio Society of East Harlem. Every year on the second weekend of August, the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is celebrated and the "Dancing of the Giglio" is performed for thousands of visitors.

The best-known "Little Italy" in Manhattan is the area currently called that, which centers around Mulberry Street. This settlement, however, is rapidly becoming part of the adjacent Chinatown as the older Italian residents die and their children move elsewhere. As of the 2000 census, 692,739 New Yorkers reported Italian ancestry, making them the largest European ethnic group in the city. [6] In 2011, the American Community Survey found there were 49,075 persons of Italian birth in New York. [7]

Street vendors at the Feast of San Gennaro in Manhattan's Little Italy. USA san gennaro vendors NY.jpg
Street vendors at the Feast of San Gennaro in Manhattan's Little Italy.

Italian-American neighborhoods in New York

Education

The Italian international private school La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi, serving grades Pre-Kindergarten through 12, is located in Manhattan. It is the sole bilingual English-Italian day school in North America. [8]

Institutions

The Consulate-General of Italy in New York is located in the Upper East Side of Manhattan. [9]

The John D. Calandra Italian American Institute, founded in 1979 and located in Midtown Manhattan, is an academic institute that studies matters pertaining to the history of Italians in the United States.

The Italian American Museum is located in Manhattan's Little Italy. Located in a former bank, Banca Stabile, its current building had a "soft opening" in September 2008, [10] and a formal opening in October. [11]

Churches

Recreation

Columbus Day and the San Gennaro Festival are celebrated in New York. [11]

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Little Italy

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Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway

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East Harlem Neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City

East Harlem, also known as Spanish Harlem or El Barrio, is a neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, New York City, roughly encompassing the area north of the Upper East Side and bounded by 96th Street to the south, Fifth Avenue to the west, and the East and Harlem Rivers to the east and north. Despite its name, it is generally not considered to be a part of Harlem.

Demographics of New York City Overview of the demographics of New York City

New York City's demographics show that it is a large and ethnically diverse metropolis. It is the largest city in the United States with a long history of international immigration. New York City was home to over 8.3 million people in 2019, accounting for over 40% of the population of New York State and a slightly lower percentage of the New York metropolitan area, home to approximately 23.6 million. Over the last decade the city has been growing faster than the region. The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States.

Third Avenue North-south avenue in Manhattan and the Bronx, New York

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Geography of New York City

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Irish Americans in New York City

The Irish community is one of New York City's major and important ethnic groups, and has been a significant proportion of the city's population since the waves of immigration in the late 19th century.

Boroughs of New York City Administrative division of New York City

New York City is composed of five boroughs: The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island. Each borough is coextensive with a respective county of New York State. The boroughs of Queens and the Bronx have the same borders as the counties of the same name. The other three counties are named differently from their boroughs.

Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations

MTA Regional Bus Operations operates local and express buses serving New York City in the United States out of 29 bus depots. These depots are located in all five boroughs of the city, with one located in nearby Yonkers in Westchester County. 21 of these depots serve MTA New York City Transit (NYCT)'s bus operations, while the remaining eight serve the MTA Bus Company. These facilities perform regular maintenance, cleaning, and painting of buses, as well as collection of revenue from bus fareboxes. Several of these depots were once car barns for streetcars, while others were built much later and have only served buses. Employees of the depots are represented by local divisions of the Transport Workers Union of America (TWU), particularly the TWU Local 100 and 101, or of the Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU)'s Local's 726 for all depots in Staten Island, 1056 for Casey Stengel, Jamaica, and Queens Village Depots, and 1179 for JFK & Far Rockaway Depots.

The West Bronx is a region in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The region lies west of the Bronx River and roughly corresponds to the western half of the borough.

New York City ethnic enclaves

Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity. Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves. These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language. Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.

Chinatowns in Brooklyn

The first Brooklyn Chinatown, was originally established in the Sunset Park area of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is one of the largest and fastest growing ethnic Chinese enclaves outside of Asia, as well as within New York City itself. As this Chinatown is rapidly evolving into an enclave predominantly of Fuzhou immigrants from Fujian Province in China, it is now increasingly common to refer to it as the Little Fuzhou or Fuzhou Town of the Western Hemisphere; as well as the largest Fuzhou enclave of New York City.

Giglio Society of East Harlem

Giglio Society of East Harlem is a non profit Italian-American society located in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, that sponsors an annual feast honoring their patron saint, Saint Anthony.

References

  1. ↑ "Peter Caesar Alberti". Archived from the original on September 14, 2015. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
  2. ↑ Memorials of the Huguenots in America, by Ammon Stapleton, page 42
  3. ↑ Nevius, Michelle & Nevius, James (2009), Inside the Apple: A Streetwise History of New York City, New York: Free Press, ISBN   141658997X , p.154
  4. ↑ Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (1995). The Encyclopedia of New York City . New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN   0300055366., p.605 "Their number increased slightly during the 1930s, when as many as 110,000 Italians lived east of Lexington Avenue between 96th and 116th streets and east of Madison Avenue between 116th and 125th streets."
  5. ↑ Meyer,Gerald. "Italian Harlem: America’s Largest and Most Italian Little Italy"
  6. ↑ New York City Department of City Planning (2000). "2000 Census" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-12. Retrieved 2007-05-24.
  7. ↑ New York City Department of City Planning, "The Newest New Yorkers - Characteristics of the City's Foreign Born Population" Archived 2015-01-03 at the Wayback Machine , 2013
  8. ↑ "About la scuola Archived 2015-06-23 at the Wayback Machine ." La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi. Retrieved on May 2, 2015.
  9. ↑ Home. Consulate-General of Italy in New York. Retrieved on 15 January 2014. "690, Park Avenue New York, NY 10065"
  10. ↑ Mallozzi, Vincent M. "In Little Italy, a Former Bank Will Now Hold Italian Immigrants’ Memories" (Archive). The New York Times . September 8, 2008. Print: September 9, 2008, page B3, New York edition. Retrieved on May 3, 2015.
  11. 1 2 Haberman, Clyde. "A March Uptown and a Shrine Downtown for Italian Heritage" (Archive). The New York Times . October 14, 2008. Print: October 14, 2008, p. A25, New York edition. Retrieved on May 3, 2015.


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