John 20:11

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John 20:11
  20:10
20:12  
John 20 11.jpg
Saint Mary Magdalene approaching the Sepulchre by Girolamo Savoldo
Book Gospel of John
Christian Bible part New Testament

John 20:11 is the eleventh verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

Chapters and verses of the Bible

The Bible is a compilation of many shorter books written at different times by a variety of authors, and later assembled into the biblical canon. Since the early 13th century, most copies and editions of the Bible present all but the shortest of these books with divisions into chapters, generally a page or so in length. Since the mid-16th century editors have further subdivided each chapter into verses - each consisting of a few short lines or sentences. Sometimes a sentence spans more than one verse, as in the case of Ephesians 2:8–9, and sometimes there is more than one sentence in a single verse, as in the case of Genesis 1:2.

John 20 is the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. It relates the story of Jesus' resurrection. It relates how Mary Magdalene went to the tomb of Jesus and found it empty. Jesus appears to her and speaks of his resurrection and dispatches Mary to tell the news to the disciples. Jesus then appears to his disciples. The chapter is seemingly the conclusion to the Gospel of John, but it is followed by the somewhat tangential John 21, causing some biblical scholars to suggest that John 20 was the original conclusion of the Gospel, and John 21 was a later addition. The events related in John 20 are described somewhat differently in Matthew 28, Mark 16, and Luke 24.

Gospel of John Books of the New Testament

The Gospel of John is the fourth of the canonical gospels. The work is anonymous, although it identifies an unnamed "disciple whom Jesus loved" as the source of its traditions. It is closely related in style and content to the three Johannine epistles, and most scholars treat the four books, along with the Book of Revelation, as a single corpus of Johannine literature, albeit not from the same author.

Contents

Peter and the Beloved Disciple have just departed, leaving Mary Magdalene at Jesus' tomb.

Mary Magdalene Follower of Jesus

Mary Magdalene, sometimes called simply the Magdalene or the Madeleine, was a Jewish woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a witness to his crucifixion, burial, and resurrection. She is mentioned by name twelve times in the canonical gospels, more than most of the apostles. Mary's epithet Magdalene most likely means that she came from the town of Magdala, a fishing town on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

Jesus Central figure of Christianity

Jesus, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. He is the central figure of Christianity. Most Christians believe he is the incarnation of God the Son and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament.

Content

In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:

King James Version version of the Bible

The King James Version (KJV), also known as the King James Bible (KJB) or simply the Authorized Version (AV), is an English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England, begun in 1604 and completed as well as published in 1611 under the sponsorship of James VI and I. The books of the King James Version include the 39 books of the Old Testament, an intertestamental section containing 14 books of the Apocrypha, and the 27 books of the New Testament. The translation is noted for its "majesty of style", and has been described as one of the most important books in English culture and a driving force in the shaping of the English-speaking world.

But Mary stood without at the
sepulchre weeping: and as she
wept, she stooped down, and
looked into the sepulchre,

The English Standard Version translates the passage as:

English Standard Version translation of the Bible

The English Standard Version (ESV) is an English translation of the Bible published in 2001 by Crossway. It is a revision of the Revised Standard Version that employs an "essentially literal" translation philosophy.

But Mary stood weeping outside the tomb,
and as she wept she stooped to look into the tomb.

Analysis

Mary has not been mentioned since John 20:2 and the Gospel does not mention how she made her way back to tomb or if she was present while Peter and the Beloved Disciple were examining it. C.K. Barrett states that it is unknown if Mary was a witness to the examination of the tomb by the two disciples that found the grave clothes still present. The presence of the clothes imply something other than a robbery and if she was aware of them she might not have been weeping. [1]

John 20:2 is the second verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament. Mary Magdalene has just discovered that the tomb of Jesus has been opened. In this verse she seeks out and tells this news to Peter and the "disciple whom Jesus loved".

Why she decides to wait outside the tomb is unknown. According to Leonard, Saint Augustine proposed that "when the men went away, a stronger affection kept the weaker sex firmly in place." [2] John Wesley wonders if Mary had remembered the prophecies that he would arise on the third day. [3] Bruce believes that Mary was hoping someone would pass by who could give her some information. [4]

Augustine of Hippo early Christian theologian and philosopher

Saint Augustine of Hippo was a Roman African, early Christian theologian and philosopher from Numidia whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy. He was the bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa and is viewed as one of the most important Church Fathers in Western Christianity for his writings in the Patristic Period. Among his most important works are The City of God, De doctrina Christiana, and Confessions.

John Wesley Founder of the Methodist movement

John Wesley was an English cleric, theologian and evangelist who was a leader of a revival movement within the Church of England known as Methodism. The societies he founded became the dominant form of the independent Methodist movement that continues to present.

Why Mary does not seek out Joseph of Arimathea, the owner of the tomb, for information is also a question. Joseph, in fact, is never again mentioned in the Gospel. One theory is that Joseph was so far above Mary's in terms of social class that it would not be right for her to disturb him.

According to Schnackenberg the Codex Sinaiticus has Mary waiting inside the tomb, but this wording does not make much sense with regards to the succeeding verses. [5]

Some scholars feel that Mary's peering into the tomb should follow directly after John 20:1 and see everything in between as an interjection. Brown has argued that John 20 is a synthesis of two sources and that they are only partially integrated. To many it seems illogical for Mary to not have actually looked into the tomb before going and telling Peter and the Beloved Disciple that Jesus' body was gone. This theory also helps explain a number of inconsistencies between John 20:2-10 and the later sections. [6]

One of these inconsistencies is the architecture of the tomb. That Mary stooped to look into the tomb is consistent with what archaeologists know about tombs from this era. Tombs were accessed from doors at ground level which were generally less than a metre tall. These tombs either had a lone chamber for a single individual, or they entrance led to a passage lined with entrances to a number of tombs. Most accounts make it seem that Jesus was in one of the individual type tombs. However John 20:6 mentions that Peter and the Beloved Disciple walked into the tomb, implying a much larger structure that would probably not require stooping. One proposed solution is to argue that there was a large antechamber that could comfortably fit the disciples, and that the actual burial place of Jesus was in a chamber to the side.

Mary's weeping in this verse and subsequent ones is the origin of the word maudlin which is a corruption of the name Magdalene and refers to a person who his sorrowful.

Related Research Articles

John 20:15

John 20:15 is the 15th verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It occurs when Mary Magdalene has returned to Jesus' tomb and found it empty. She does not know that Jesus has returned and they begin conversing without her realizing his identity.

John 20:14

John 20:14 is the fourteenth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. In this verse, Mary Magdalene has just finished speaking to the angels she found in Jesus's empty tomb. She then turns and sees the resurrected Jesus, but fails to recognize him. In the Gospel of John, this is the first moment anyone sees Jesus after his resurrection.

John 20:12

John 20:12 is the twelfth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. Mary Magdalene is peering into the empty tomb of Jesus and sees two angels.

John 20:10 is the tenth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John. Peter and the Beloved Disciple have just finished examining the empty tomb of Jesus and in this verse return home.

John 20:9 is the ninth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. Peter and the Beloved Disciple have been examining Jesus' empty tomb and the arrangement of the grave clothes. John 20:8 states that the Beloved Disciple looked in the tomb and believed, though there is conflict on what exactly he believed. John 20:9 seems to modify this statement but its exact meaning is also unclear.

John 20:8

John 20:8 is the eighth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. Peter and the Beloved Disciple are examining Jesus's empty tomb. Peter has been inside the tomb since John 20:6, while the Beloved Disciple had been examining it from outside. In this verse the Beloved Disciple enters the tomb.

John 20:7

John 20:7 is the seventh verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. In this verse, Peter is standing in Jesus's empty tomb. The Beloved Disciple and perhaps Mary Magdalene are outside. This verse describes the arrangement of the grave clothes they see.

John 20:6

John 20:6 is the sixth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. Peter and the Beloved Disciple have just arrived at the empty tomb of Jesus. The Beloved Disciple, who arrived slightly ahead of Peter, paused outside the empty tomb. In the verse, Peter enters the tomb upon his arrival.

John 20:5 is the fifth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. The Beloved Disciple and Peter have traveled to the tomb of Jesus to investigate Mary Magdalene's report that the body of Jesus had disappeared. In this verse the Beloved Disciple arrives at the tomb and while he looks in he does not enter it.

John 20:3–4

John 20:3–4 are the third and fourth verses of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament. Peter and the Beloved Disciple have been informed by Mary Magdalene that Jesus' tomb has been opened and in these verses they depart for the tomb.

John 20:1

John 20:1 is the first verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament. John 20 covers the resurrection of Jesus after his crucifixion. In this verse Mary Magdalene visits Jesus' tomb and finds it opened.

Disciple whom Jesus loved phrase found in the Gospel of John (21:20 etc.), traditionally identified with John the Evangelist and John the Apostle

The phrase "the disciple whom Jesus loved" or, in John 20:2, the disciple beloved of Jesus is used six times in the Gospel of John, but in no other New Testament accounts of Jesus. John 21:24 states that the Gospel of John is based on the written testimony of this disciple.

Luke 24 twenty-fourth and final chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible

Luke 24 is the twenty-fourth and final chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles. This chapter records the discovery of the resurrection of Jesus Christ, his appearances to his disciples and his ascension into heaven.

Matthew 28:1

Matthew 28:1 is the first verse of the twenty-eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse opens the resurrection narrative as Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" visit Jesus' tomb after the crucifixion.

Matthew 28:8 is the eight verse of the twenty-eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse is part of the resurrection narrative. Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" had just encountered an angel has appeared at the empty tomb of Jesus, and in this verse they leave to bear his message.

Matthew 28:10

Matthew 28:10 is the tenth verse of the twenty-eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse is part of the resurrection narrative. Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" are leaving the empty tomb of Jesus after encountering an angel, and in this verse they encounter the risen Jesus.

Matthew 27:61 is the sixty-first verse of the twenty-seventh chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse describes two women waiting by the Tomb of Jesus after the crucifixion.

Matthew 27:55-56

Matthew 27:55-56 are the fifty-sixth and fifty-seventh verses of the twenty-seventh chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. The crucifixion and death of Jesus have just occurred, and these verses make note of a group of women who were present at that event.

References

  1. Barrett, C.K. The Gospel According to John, 2nd Edition. London:SPCK, 1978.
  2. Leonard, W. "St. John." A Catholic Commentary on the Bible. B. Orchard ed. New York: Thomas Nelson & Sons, 1953.
  3. Wesley, John. The Wesleyan Bible Commentary. Ralph Earle ed. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1964.
  4. Bruce, F.F. The Gospel According to John. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1983.
  5. Schnackenberg, Rudolf . The Gospel According to St. John: Volume III. Crossroad, 1990.
  6. Brown, Raymond E. "The Gospel According to John: XIII-XI" The Anchor Bible Series Volume 29A. New York: Doubleday & Company, 1970.

Bibliography

Preceded by
John 20:10
Gospel of John
Chapter 20
Succeeded by
John 20:12