Kargilik/Yecheng Town قاغىلىق بازىرى 喀格勒克镇 Qaghiliq, Kageleke | |
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Coordinates: 37°53′6″N77°24′47″E / 37.88500°N 77.41306°E | |
Country | China |
Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
Prefecture | Kashgar Prefecture |
County | Kargilik County |
Area | |
• Total | 37.5 km2 (14.5 sq mi) |
Population (2010) [2] | |
• Total | 75,730 |
• Density | 2,000/km2 (5,200/sq mi) |
Ethnic groups | |
• Major ethnic groups | Uyghur [3] |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Kargilik Town | |||||||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 葉城 | ||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 叶城 | ||||||||||
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Han Dynasty name | |||||||||||
Chinese | 西夜 | ||||||||||
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Alternate Han Dynasty name | |||||||||||
Chinese | 漂沙 | ||||||||||
Literal meaning | Drifting sands | ||||||||||
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Uyghur name | |||||||||||
Uyghur | قاغىلىق | ||||||||||
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Kargilik or Karghalik or Yecheng in Chinese,is a town in Xinjiang,China. It is to the southeast of Kashgar,at a distance of 249 km by road and is north of Mazar by 249 km. [4] It is the seat of Kargilik (Yecheng) County.
Kargilik/Yecheng is the name of both the oasis and the town. It is situated on the southern rim of the Taklamakan desert,about halfway between Pishan and Yarkand on the southern route around the Tarim Basin. It is about 50 km north of Kokyar. [5] The rich loess terraces of the oasis are watered by the Tiznaf river and several smaller streams. They are joined to the north by a belt of cultivated land stretching about 40 km from the town of Yecheng to the Yarkand River.
During the Former Han period,this place was referred to as Xiye (Chinese :西夜; Wade–Giles :Hsi-yeh). It was described as having 350 households,4,000 people and 1,000 men able to bear arms. [6] It was ruled by a king of a neighboring area called Zihe (Chinese :子合; Wade–Giles :Tzu-ho). [7] In the Later Han period it was also known as Piaosha which translates literally as "drifting sands". [8] It was noted for producing baicao (白草,literally "white grass") which gave a very poisonous substance used on arrow tips - probably from an aconite plant. Xiye is recorded in the Book of the Later Han as being distinct from Zihe and having 2,500 households,more than 10,000 people and 3,000 men able to bear arms. [9] [10] [8]
The Chinese pilgrim monk,Song Yun,passed through the Kingdom of Zhujuban (Chinese :朱駒半) on his way from Khotan in 519 CE. He described it as being five days' journey around and that it produced much cereal,which was made into cakes. The inhabitants did not allow the slaughter of animals and only ate those which had died a natural death. Many of them lived in the mountains. They resembled the people of Khotan in their language and customs while their writing was like that of the Brahmans from India. [11]
Xuanzang,travelling through the country in 644 CE,described it as being very fertile,with abundant grapes,pears and plums. He said it was more than 1,000 li in circuit,with a capital city measuring more than 10 li around. The writing was like that of Khotan but the spoken language was different. Although he says the people were sincere Buddhists,they had little culture or education and he found them rude and deceitful. Many monasteries were in ruins and the 100 or so monks left were of the Mahayana school. He added that the Mahayana canonical texts were more numerous here than in any other country Buddhism had reached.
It apparently sent an embassy to China at the beginning of the Taiyan period (435-439 CE) and tribute was sent regularly after that. It later fell under the power of the Hephthalites and then the Western Turks. In 639 the ruler sent an embassy to the Chinese court and by 659 was included as part of the region called the "Four Garrisons" by the Chinese after their defeat of the Turkish chief,Duman.
The population were presumably converted to Islam soon after the new religion arrived in the Tarim Basin about 1006 CE.[ citation needed ]
During the 1800s,Kargalik contained many foreign slaves who had integrated into the Chinese state. After being freed,many slaves such as Gilgitis in Xinjiang cities like Tashkurgan,Yarkand and Karghallik,stayed rather than return Hunza in Gilgit. Most of these slaves were women who married local slaves and free men and had children with them. Sometimes the women were married to their masters,other slaves or free men who were not their masters. There were ten slave men to slave women married couples and 15 master-female slave couples,with several other non-master free men married to slave women. Both slaves and free Turki and Chinese men fathered children with Hunza slave women. A free man,Khas Muhammad,was married with two children to a female slave named Daulat,aged 24. A Gilgiti slave woman aged 26,Makhmal,was married to a Chinese slave man,Allah Vardi and had three children with him. [12]
In 1979,a number of religious schools were founded by militant group East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM/TIP) founder Abdul Hakeem Makhdoom in Karghalik. These were used to disseminate the movement's ideology among the local population,and were the place where Hasan Mahsum,who would later go on to revive and lead the militant group,studied from 1984 to 1989. [13]
In 1994,the Chinese character name for the town was set as Kageleke (喀格勒克镇). [3]
On 28 February 2012,ethnic Uyghurs,wielding knives,attacked a market in Yecheng,killing 13 people,mostly ethnic Han. The police shot &killed the seven Uyghur attackers. [14]
Kargilik Town is located on the alluvial fan of the Tizinafu River located in the northern part of Kargilik County. Chasa Meschit Township (Qiasameiqite,Qiasimiqiti) surrounds Kargilik Town on the north,east and south. To the west,the town borders Yitimliqum Township (Yitimukong). [1]
As of 2019,Kargilik Town included fifty-two residential communities:( Mandarin Chinese pinyin-derived names) [15]
As of 2009: [16]
In earlier times it was important as the usual starting-point for caravans to India,through the Pamirs,via Tashkurghan,or through Ladakh by the Karakoram passes.
Today there is a small town with a market,some shops and a bank. Large-scale irrigation has transformed huge areas of desert into productive agricultural land. Yecheng is the main centre for Chinese immigration into western Xinjiang and it has become quite a large,sprawling town. [4]
The total economic output of the town for that year of 2011 was valued at 309,812,200 CNY. [1]
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
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2000 | 59,260 | — |
2010 | 75,730 | +2.48% |
[2] |
As of 1997 [update] ,78.7% of the residents of the town were Uyghur. [3]
Yecheng is served by China National Highways 219,315 [3] and the Kashgar-Hotan Railway.
Keriya Town or Mugala Town is a town in Yutian (Keriya) County,Hotan Prefecture,Xinjiang,China,on the old Southern Silk Road. As the commercial and administrative centre of Keriya County,it is about 166 km east of Hotan,80 km east of Qira,and 120 km west of Niya. Yutian County has a population of about 160,000.
Kargilik County,also known as Yecheng County,is a county in southwest of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Kashgar Prefecture. It contains an area of 28,600 km². To the north,the county borders Makit County. To the east,the county borders Guma County (Pishan) in Hotan Prefecture. To the west,the county borders Yarkant County,Poskam County and Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County. In the south,the county has a border of more than 80 km (50 mi) with Pakistan and India administered areas of Kashmir.
Qiemo County as the official romanized name,also transliterated from Uyghur as Qarqan County,is a county under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China,bordering the Tibet Autonomous Region to the south. Its area is 138,645 square kilometers (53,531 sq mi) and,according to the 2002 census,it has a population of 60,000. The county seat is at Qiemo Town.
Seriqbuya or Serikbuya is a town in Maralbexi (Bachu) County,Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang,China. It is located on Provincial Road 215,on the left (northwestern) bank of the Yarkand River and about 180 kilometers to the east of the city of Kashgar.
Akto Town is a town and the county seat of Akto County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China. Located in the northeast of the county,the town covers an area of 136 square kilometers with a population of 21,560. It has 19 communities and 9 villages under its jurisdiction,its seat is at Gongbaitierik (拱拜提艾日克村).
Jamaterek is a township of Akto County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China. Located in the northeastern part of the county,the township covers an area of 44 square kilometers with a population of 11,398. It has 7 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Bagla Village (巴格拉村).
Pilal is a township of Akto County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China. Located in the west of the northeastern part of the county,the township covers an area of 186 square kilometers with a population of 46,981. It has 22 administrative villages and a farm under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Pilal Village (皮拉勒村).
Karakeqik is a township of Akto County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China. Located in the northeast of the county,the township covers an area of 108 square kilometers with a population of 5,728. It has 4 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Bostan Village (博斯坦村).
Ujme / Ojma is a township of Akto County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China. Located in the northeast of the county,the township covers an area of 194 square kilometers with a population of 26,107. It has 15 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Hoylaerik Village (霍伊拉艾日克村).
Koxtag is a town in Pishan/Guma County,Hotan Prefecture,Xinjiang,China.
Muji is a town in Pishan/Guma County,Hotan Prefecture,Xinjiang,China.
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Hanerik is a town in Hotan County,Hotan Prefecture,Xinjiang,China.
Jiya is a township in the northeastern part of Hotan City in Hotan Prefecture,Xinjiang,China in an oasis area on the eastern bank of the White Jade River in the southwestern part of the Taklamakan Desert. To the north and east,Jiya borders Lop County,the county which Jiya was a part of until 2006,and to the south and west,Jiya borders the rest of Hotan city.
Qaka is a township in Qira County,Hotan Prefecture,Xinjiang,China.
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喀格勒克镇的东部、南部和北部三面由恰斯米其提乡围绕,西与依提木孔乡接壤,辖区总面积37.5平方公里。
2000年第五次人口普查,叶城县常住总人口370229人,其中:喀格勒克镇59260人{...}2010年第六次人口普查,叶城县常住总人口454328人,其中:喀格勒克镇75730人,
喀格勒克镇 县政府驻地。清光绪十年( 1884)属消铁庄,清政府在此设置叶城底驿和洛河克亮噶尔军台。1958年属红旗公社,1970年析建城关公社,1994年改设喀格勒克镇。面积6平方千米,人口6.8万,其中维吾尔族占78.7%,{...}315国道过境。
统计用区划代码 城乡分类代码 名称 653126100001 121 阿格孜康博依社区 653126100002 121 伯西热克阔恰社区 653126100003 121 巴格艾日克博依社区 653126100004 121 安江买里社区 653126100005 122 棋盘代尔瓦扎社区 653126100006 121 西城社区 653126100007 121 巴格买里社区 653126100008 121 蓝桥社区 653126100009 121 零公里社区 653126100014 121 新城社区 653126100015 121 幸福南路社区 653126100016 121 亚瓦格社区 653126100017 121 虹桥社区 653126100018 121 新世纪社区 653126100019 121 解放北路社区 653126100020 121 幸福苑社区 653126100021 121 栏杆社区 653126100022 121 东方红社区 653126100023 121 火车站社区 653126100024 121 育才路社区 653126100025 121 尤里滚加依社区 653126100026 121 吐格曼艾热克博依社区 653126100027 121 卡斯克艾热克社区 653126100028 121 亚比西社区 653126100029 121 吐古其阔恰社区 653126100030 121 公园社区 653126100031 121 乌斯塘博依社区 653126100032 121 红旗社区 653126100033 121 田园社区 653126100034 121 金果社区 653126100035 121 团结社区 653126100036 121 阿那阔恰社区 653126100037 121 奇曼社区 653126100038 121 公路花苑社区 653126100039 121 茶花社区 653126100040 121 棋盘东路社区 653126100041 121 五号闸社区 653126100042 121 越程社区 653126100043 121 昆仑社区 653126100044 121 青年路社区 653126100045 121 友谊路社区 653126100046 121 双拥路社区 653126100047 121 阿里路社区 653126100048 121 爱民社区 653126100049 121 玉赛斯社区 653126100050 121 东环路社区 653126100051 121 雪域社区 653126100052 121 园林社区 653126100053 121 南环路社区 653126100054 121 惠民社区 653126100055 121 昌和社区 653126100056 121 景观社区