 Works plate from Sittingbourne and Kemsley Light Railway Melior. | |
| Company type | Private |
|---|---|
| Industry | Railway |
| Founded | 1881 in Glasgow, Scotland |
| Founder | James Kerr |
| Defunct | 1930 |
| Fate | Defunct |
| Headquarters | , |
Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Steam and diesel locomotives |
Kerr, Stuart and Company Ltd was a locomotive manufacturer in Stoke-on-Trent, England.
It was founded in 1881 by James Kerr as "James Kerr & Company", and became "Kerr, Stuart & Company" from 1883 when John Stuart was taken on as a partner. The business started in Glasgow, Scotland, but during this time they were only acting as agents ordering locomotives from established manufacturers, among them Falcon, John Fowler & Co. and Hartley, Arnoux and Fanning. They bought the last-named company in 1892 and moved into the California Works in Stoke to begin building all their own locomotives. Hartley, Arnoux and Fanning had also been building railway and tramway plant. This side of their business was sold to Dick, Kerr and Co. in Preston.
Kerr, Stuart were known for producing a number of standard designs with many engines being built for stock and sold 'off the shelf' to customers. The names of these locomotive types were often derived from the purchaser of the first of that type or from the name it was given.
The Kerr, Stuart designs are typified by having a single trailing truck (allowing a large firebox to be placed behind the driving wheels) and/or having a saddle tank. Several designs of side tank locomotive were produced that shared a chassis and boiler with a saddle tank design and it is not unknown for a standard chassis from one design to be used with a different design's standard boiler to produce a locomotive to suit a customer's special requirements.
| Name | Image | Wheel arrangement (Whyte) | Weight (long tons) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huxley | 0-4-0 ST | 16 Tons | [ citation needed ] | |
| Witch | 16 Tons | [ citation needed ] | ||
| Moss Bay |  | 0-4-0 ST | 29 Tons | named after Moss Bay Haematite Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Workington |
| Rugeley | 0-6-0 ST | 31 Tons | [ citation needed ] | |
| Priestley | 0-4-0 WT | 25.5 Tons | No 3063 (1918) initially supplied to the National Shipyard in Beachley was purchased by W & R Parker in 1980 restored to working order at The Flour Mill in Bream, Glos in 2012 and, informally known as 'Willy the Well Tank". is at the Barry Tourist Railway as of summer, 2021. This is essentially a Borrows design from the 1860s. | |
| Argentina | 0-6-0 T | 34 Tons | [ citation needed ] | |
| Victory | [ citation needed ] | |||
| La Manada | 4-4-0 | Locomotive number 1327 of 1913 is preserved in Ferro Club Villa Lynch (Argentina)[ citation needed ] |
| Name | Image | Wheel arrangement (Whyte notation) | Weight (working order)[ clarification needed ] | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wren |  | 0-4-0 ST | 3.4 tons (4.2 tons) | Pixie one of 27 of the Wren class ordered for a sewer contract in Essex, sold to Devon County Council in 1929. Purchased by the Industrial Locomotive Society in 1957, it entered service at Leighton Buzzard Narrow Gauge Railway in 1969. Works number 3114 was part of the same batch of Wrens on the sewer contract. Its history beyond this is uncertain but it is believed that it worked on the dismantling of the Ashover Light Railway. After that it worked on the Bala Lake Railway as "Dryw Bach", and is now owned by the Vale of Rheidol Railway. Peter Pan worked with Pixie in Devon. It was purchased in 1972 by Graham Hall who found the locomotive in a back garden in Bromsgrove and sometimes operates at the Leighton Buzzard Narrow Gauge Railway. Lorna Doone is now preserved by the Birmingham City Museum and Art Gallery and is currently at the Amerton Railway, operational. Also at the Amerton Railway is new build Wren "Jennie", built by the Hunslet Engine Company in 2008. In 2010, the Hunslet Engine Company completed the last Wren "Thomas Wicksteed" for the Kew Bridge Steam Museum in London. Two worked on the Camber Railway in the Falkland Islands |
| Sirdar |  | 0-4-0 T | 6.5 tons | Two of three locomotives being built for Allan Alderson and Company of Cairo for use during the Nile Barrage construction in Egypt were diverted to the British War Office in November 1899, for use by the Royal Engineers in a siege park in the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek during the Second Boer War. Of the 58 of this class built only 2 are known to survive. No 1158 of 1917 "Diana" privately owned in the UK, and returned to working order in 2015, after 65 years out of use. The second is 652 "Hope", a modified Sirdar, which is classed as a National Monument in Namibia. |
| Tattoo |  | 0-4-2 ST | 6.5 tons (8.5 tons) | Three examples exist in the UK, all operational: Stanhope (1917) on the Apedale Valley Light Railway; Talyllyn Railway No.4 Edward Thomas (1921); and Corris Railway No.7 (2005); at least two survive out of service in Namtu, Burma at the Burma Mines Railway. [2] [3] The class was built with either outside frames (such as Stanhope) or inside frames (such as Edward Thomas). |
| Darwin | 8.8 tons (10.9 tons) | [ citation needed ] | ||
| Huxley | 0-4-2 T | At least one survives in working order on the Burma Mines Railway. [4] Joan on the Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway has a Huxley boiler carried on a modified Matary/Barreto chassis. | ||
| Skylark | 10 tons | Formerly used on Campbeltown and Machrihanish Light Railway and Snailbeach District Railways. [5] A few survive at a sugar mill in Mauritius. Lukee operates at a tourist railway in Red Cliffs, Australia. | ||
| Joffre |  | 0-6-0 T | 8.5 tons (10.5 tons) | named after Joseph Joffre; the Joffre class of 70 locomotives was a French Decauville design built by KS under contract during the Great War. Six of the class are known to have survived, one in Africa and five re-imported into the UK; these include Axe on the Lynton & Barnstaple Railway and ones being restored for the Teifi Valley Railway, West Lancashire Light Railway, and the Apedale Valley Light Railway. [6] |
| Haig |  | 8.5 tons (10.5 tons) | named after Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig; the Haig class was developed from the Joffre as a result of parts being left unused at the end of the Great War. Two examples survive in New Zealand (one at Ocean Beach Railway in Dunedin, the other at MOTAT in Auckland) and one – Sergeant Murphy – on the Teifi Valley Railway | |
| Brazil |  | 0-4-2 ST | 10.6 tons (13.6 tons) | Several examples survive, including Excelsior on the Great Whipsnade Railway and three locos (Premier, Leader & Melior) of the Sittingbourne & Kemsley Light Railway |
| Waterloo | 15 Tons | [ citation needed ] | ||
| Matary or Barreto (both names used) |  | 0-6-2 T | 13 tons (17 tons) | At least one original example survives, Superior on the Great Whipsnade Railway. Joan on the Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway has a modified Matary/Barreto chassis and a Huxley boiler. |
Kerr, Stuart had a large joiners shop and a significant passenger coach construction business. They were therefore very well placed to build steam railmotors. Their first was a diminutive 2 ft (610 mm) gauge saloon for the Maharajah of Gwalior in 1904 followed by a batch of 12 standard gauge railcars in 1905, six for the Taff Vale Railway, two for the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, two for the Great Western Railway, one for the Great Indian Peninsula Railway [7] and one for the Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway. [8] [9] The last two in Indian gauge. The GWR gave a repeat order in 1906 for a further 12 slightly more powerful units. The Mauritius Government Railways ordered one in 1907. [10] The largest rail motor order was for 15 from the Italian State Railways.
In addition to the company's standard designs the company accepted many orders to build to the customers' own designs in all gauges. The most impressive example for this certainly are the legendary 0-4-0LB locobreaks from 1900, strong and heavy tank engines designed to secure the trains through a cable claw on SPR (São Paulo Railway) and later EFSJ (Estrada de Ferro Santos a Jundiaí)'s 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) gauge mountain cable incline between Paranapiacaba and Piaçagüera. Six of them are preserved.
An example of a narrow-gauge 0-4-0 tank engine, number 652 built in 1899, worked in the docks at Walvis Bay, Namibia, until the 1950s and is now preserved in a purpose-built glass-windowed display hut in the forecourt of Walvis Bay station.
The California works produced in 1903/4 a 4-6-0 design for several Irish 3 ft (914 mm) gauge lines including a 4-6-2T version for the Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway. For Chile a very large 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge double six-coupled bogie Meyer followed in 1904 by five American style bar-framed 2-8-0 tender engines for the 3 ft (914 mm) gauge Interocianic and Mexican Eastern Railways. In May 1910 they built a 2 ft (610 mm) gauge "modified Fairlie" for service in Madras. This was not a Fairlie but just two 0-4-2T engines permanently coupled back to back, the only articulation being between the two complete engines. They received a repeat order for this combination.
A truly remarkable standard gauge build of 1910 was a class of four handsome 4-2-2 express passenger locomotives to the design of E. J. Dunstan for the Shanghai Nanking Railway. The order was received on 19 April 1910 and the novel design required the production of totally new drawings and patterns for all parts. Even so, the first engine was steamed just seven weeks later on 8 June 1910. In service these engines, probably the last, and the biggest, single driver engines ever built, proved to be fast (60 mph), smooth running, and very economical on fuel when compared with similar 4-4-0 engines on the same line.
From the 2 ft (610 mm) gauge Gwalior Light Railway in India, the company received several orders for locomotives and a wide variety of rolling stock over the years, culminating in the construction of four large 2-8-2 tender engines in 1928. Six very powerful superheated 4-8-0 mixed traffic locomotives built in 1929 were the last of a series of 4-4-0 and 4-6-0 machines built for the Buenos Aires Central Railway of Argentina.
In common with most British locomotive builders, in the postwar era Kerr, Stuart received a number of large orders from the mainline companies who were seeking to replace obsolete inherited equipment with their own standard designs. In 1920 the Metropolitan Railway ordered eight superheated 4-4-4 passenger tank engines for the Aylesbury service. Between 1925 and 1927 the Stoke works built fifty standard class 4F 0-6-0 goods engines for the London Midland and Scottish Railway and in 1929 and 1930 a batch of 25 GWR 5700 Class 0-6-0PTs were built for the Great Western Railway.
In the late 1920s a number of diesel locomotives were built. These were available with two or three axles for various track gauges. The engines were by McLaren-Benz in 2-cylinder (30 hp), 4-cylinder (60 hp) or 6-cylinder (90 hp) form. Transmission was mechanical and final drive was by roller chains. [11]
They were very successful even though technology moved on quickly. Further development was stopped when Kerr, Stuart's went into receivership, but the Hunslet range of diesel locomotives was based on these. At least 3 Kerr, Stuart diesel locomotives have survived into preservation but none is in original condition having been given different engines.
On 17 April 1930 a petition calling for the company to be wound up compulsorily was presented in the High Court (Chancery Division) by the Midland Bank. [12] At a hearing held on 8 May 1930 this petition was withdrawn on settlement of an £8,000 guarantee. [13] However, the sale of the works to George Cohen, Sons & Co Ltd was announced in August 1930; a skeleton staff was employed to complete contracts in progress. [14] Another winding-up petition was presented on 10 September 1930 and an order was made on 14 October. [15] At the creditors' meeting held on 14 November Herbert Langham Reed, the company's chairman and managing director, [16] attributed the failure of the company to the locking up of capital in the Peninsular Locomotive Company, registered in India 1921 to build locomotives (Kerr, Stuart held 80% of the capital and loaned £78,000), the [April] winding-up petition, which had resulted in a loss of confidence in the company, and 'to liabilities incurred by the company in supporting other companies'. [17] Company funds had, apparently, been used to finance a company called Evos Sliding Doorways. This company's failure had triggered the Midland Bank petition. [18] In LTC Rolt's autobiography "The Landscape Trilogy" it is also alleged that the company secretary was discovered to have committed suicide in Kerr, Stuart's London offices, and a large quantity of papers was found to have been burnt in the fireplace. [19] The firm's goodwill (designs, spare parts, etc.) was bought by the Hunslet Engine Company.
Some locomotives were built by W. G. Bagnall to Kerr, Stuart designs, a result of the chief Kerr, Stuart draughtsman, F. H. B. Harris, and a number of other Kerr, Stuart staff being employed by Bagnall's. These locomotives include examples of the Haig and Matary classes.
The last steam locomotive built in Britain for industrial use, was a Hunslet built Brazil class engine in 1971. This locomotive is now running on the private Statfold Barn Railway.
The Corris Railway commissioned a new locomotive based on the "Tattoo" design of its original No.4 (KS 4047 of 1921) and this was privately built over a ten-year period and went into service in 2005 as No.7.
Wilbert Awdry based the character of Peter Sam on a Kerr Stuart Tattoo in The Railway Series .
| Owner | Class | Name | Serial No. | Image | Built Date | Whyte Notation | Gauge | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apedale Valley Light Railway | Tattoo | Stanhope | 2395 |  | 1917 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft (610 mm) | ex-Penrhyn Quarry Railway |
| Amerton Railway | Wren | Lorna Doone | 4250 |  | 1922 | 0-4-0ST | 2 ft (610 mm) | Purchased by RH Neal and sold to Devon County Council. Restoration to working order completed in 2018. |
| Jennie | Hunslet 3905 |  | 2008 | 0-4-0ST | Built by the Hunslet Engine Company in 2008 to the Kerr, Stuart Wren design, bought privately and housed at the Amerton Railway. | |||
| Sirdar | Diana | 1158 |  | 1917 | 0-4-0T | 2 ft (610 mm) | ex Kerry Tramway Oakeley Quarry and Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry | |
| Museum of Antigua and Barbuda | Brazil | Marion | 1178 | 1911 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) | ||
| Buckinghamshire Railway Centre | GWR 5700 | 0-6-0PT | 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) | |||||
| 90 hp Diesel | Redland [20] | K4428 | 1929 | 4wDM | Heavily rebuilt | |||
| Cavan & Leitrim Railway | Dromad | 3024 | 1916 | 0-4-2T | 3 ft (914 mm) | Rebuilt using a hotel boiler and parts from several other Irish locomotives | ||
| Corris Railway | Tattoo | No. 7 |  | 2005 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft 3 in (686 mm) | Design based on the railway's original Tattoo (KS 4047) | |
| Foxfield Railway | Witch | 4388 |  | 0-4-0ST | 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) | |||
| 90 hp Diesel | Rom River [21] | 4421 |  | 1929 | 6wDM | ex-R&ER, re-engined 1959 | ||
| Great Whipsnade Railway | Brazil | Excelsior | 1049 |  | 1908 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) | ex-Bowaters Paper Railway |
| Barretto | Superior | 4034 |  | 1920 | 0-6-2ST | |||
| Leighton Buzzard Railway | Wren | Pixie | 4260 |  | 1922 | 0-4-0ST | 2 ft (610 mm) | |
| Lynton and Barnstaple Railway | Joffre | Axe | 2451 | 1915 | 0-6-0ST | ex-Gloddfa Ganol. Heavily rebuilt, but retaining many original parts, Axe Returned to Steam on 11 November 2008 at Woody Bay for a dedication ceremony to honour the fallen railwaymen of the First World War | ||
| Owned by Graham Morris | Wren | Peter Pan | 4256 | 1922 | 0-4-0ST | |||
| West Lancashire Light Railway | Joffre | "Joffre" | 2405 | 1915 | 0-6-0WT+T | ex-Carriers de la Valee-Meureuse et Haut Bain Hydrequent, Pas de Calais, France | ||
| Moseley Railway Trust | Joffre | 3014 | 1916 | 0-6-0WT+T | 2 ft (610 mm) | ex-Gloddfa Ganol | ||
| Beamish Museum | 721 | 0-4-0WT | 2 ft (610 mm) | ex-Dundee Gasworks | ||||
| Ocean Beach Railway Dunedin, New Zealand | Haig | 4185 | 1929 | 0-6-0T | 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) | Built for Kempthorne Prosser. Regularly operated on passenger trains | ||
| MOTAT Auckland, New Zealand | Haig | 4183 | 1929 | 0-6-0T | 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) | This locomotive spent its entire working life with Kempthorne Prosser Ltd. at their Westfield (Auckland, N.Z.) fertiliser works. Retired in 1966, it was donated to MOTAT and operated there for a short time until boiler repairs were required. After a period on static display, the locomotive was dismantled during the 1970s for restoration. Ultimately the dismantled locomotive was leased to McDonald's Restaurants, and following restoration was on static display at their Paraparaumu establishment from 1987 to 2008, before being returned to MOTAT where it remains in the locomotive shed awaiting restoration to working order. | ||
| Privately owned by Peter Rampton, Surrey, England | 4408 | 1928 | 0-6-4T | 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) | ||||
| Philippine National Railways | Cabanatuan | Cabanatuan | 777 |  | 1905 | 0-6-0T | 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) | This was originally built for the British-owned Manila Railway Company and was the lead locomotive of its class. It is now on static display in front of Tutuban station. |
| Cavite | Dagupan | 1007 |  | 1907 | This saddle tank locomotive was built for Manila Railway and was rebuilt from the original Cavite locomotive. Like Cabanatuan, it is now on static display in front of Tutuban station. One of its parts were damaged. | |||
| Red Cliffs Historical Steam Railway, Victoria, Australia | Skylark | Lukee | 742 | 1901 | 0-4-2T | 2 ft (610 mm) | The Red Cliffs Historical Steam Railway was formed in 1994 under the auspices of the Red Cliffs Rotary Club to operate the restored 'Lukee', that had formerly operated between Red Cliffs railway station and the Red Cliffs pumping station. A two kilometre section of the former 1600mm gauge Red Cliffs – Morkalla branch line has been converted to 610mm gauge for tourist train operation. The train normally operates on the first Sunday of each month from 11am to 4.00pm and on Easter Saturday and the Sundays of the Labour Day and Queens Birthday long weekends. The Train does not operate in January or February because of the fire danger. | |
| Sandstone Steam Railway, Ficksburg, South Africa | Wren | Little Bess | 4031 | 1919 | 0-4-0ST | 2 ft (610 mm) | ||
| 4063 | 1924 | 0-4-2PT | ||||||
| 1344 | 1913 | 4-6-2T | ||||||
| Sittingbourne & Kemsley Light Railway | Brazil | Leader | 926 |  | 1906 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) | |
| Premier | 886 |  | 1905 | |||||
| Melior | 4219 |  | 1924 | |||||
| Severn Valley Railway | GWR 5700 No. 7714 | 4449 |  | 1930 | 0-6-0PT | 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) | Operational as of October 2018. | |
| Statfold Barn Railway | Brazil | Trangkil No.4 | 3902 |  | 1971 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft (610 mm) | The last industrial steam locomotive built in Britain, regauged from 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge. |
| Talyllyn Railway | modified Tattoo | Edward Thomas | 4047 | 1921 | 0-4-2ST | 2 ft 3 in (686 mm) | ex Corris Railway No.4; carried same number under CR, GWR, BR & TR ownership | |
| Teifi Valley Railway | Haig | Sgt. Murphy | 0-6-2ST | 2 ft (610 mm) | ex-Penrhyn Quarry Railway, Heavily rebuilt | |||
| Privately Preserved, Kent | Joffre | 2442 | 1915 | 0-6-0WT+T | ex-Gloddfa Ganol | |||
| Vale of Rheidol Railway | Wren | 3114 | 1918 | 0-4-0ST | Formerly carried names Brockamin or Dryw Bach | |||
| Welsh Highland Railway | 60 hp Diesel | 4115 | 6wDM | One of the earliest diesel locomotives in existence | ||||
| Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway | modified Matary with Huxley boiler | Joan | 1927 | 0-6-2ST | 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) | Originally operated in Antigua, overhauled with a new boiler of revised design. | ||
| Statfold Barn Railway | Joffre | 3010 |  | 1916 | 0-6-0WT+T | 2 ft (610 mm) | ex-Gloddfa Ganol, formerly stored at the Yaxham Light Railway | |
| Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, SP (Brazil) | Sinhá Moça (ex- Maceió) No. 1 | 928 | July 1907 | 0-4-2T | 3' 3⅜" (1,000 m) | operational (weekend and holiday tourist services); most authors still believe her to be static at Usina Serra Grande in São José da Laje, AL | ||
| Usina Serra Grande in São José da Laje, AL (Brazil) | No. 2 | 1244 | January 1912 | 0-4-2T | 3' 3⅜" (1,000 m) | static | ||
| Usina Serra Grande in São José da Laje, AL (Brazil) | Mestre Borges (ex- Nesita Forges) No. 4 | 4193 | September 1927 | 0-6-2T | 3' 3⅜" (1,000 m) | operational (tourist services) | ||
| Fives Lille in Maceió, AL (Brazil) | unknown | 4389 | March 1927 | 0-4-2T | 1' 11½" (0,597 m) | static (former Usina Cansanção do Sinimbu locomotive) | ||
| Usina Central Olho d'Água in Camutanga, PE (Brazil) | unknown | 4302 | June 1926 | 0-4-2T | 2' 5½" (0,750 m) | static | ||
| Usina Catende in Catende, PE (Brazil) | No. 1 | 1281 | December 1912 | 0-4-2T | 3' 3⅜" (1,000 m) | static | ||
| Fazenda Guaritá in Rio das Flores, RJ (Brazil) | Wren | none | 1248 | said to be 1914 | 0-4-0ST | 1' 11½" (0,597 m) | operational | |
| 1st Railway Battalion of the Brazilian Army in Lages, SC (Brazil) | Wren | Jaguarizinho No. 3 | 1194 | June 1912 | 0-4-0ST | 1' 11½" (0,597 m) | static | |
| Fazenda Angélica in Dourado, SP (Brazil) | No. 1 | 673 | June 1912 | 0-6-2ST | 1' 11½" (0,597 m) | static | ||
| entrance of Paranapiacaba, SP (Brazil) | No. 8 | 668 | 1900 | 0-4-0LB | 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) | static | ||
| Museu Ferroviário de Paranapiacaba, Paranapiacaba, Brazil | Wren | No. 1 | 1015 | December 1907 | 0-4-0ST | 1' 11½" (0,597 m) | static (in operational condition) | |
| none | No. 7 | 671 | 1900 | 0-4-0LB | 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) | static (in operational condition) | ||
| Fazenda Vassoural in Pontal, Brazil | Wren | No. 1 | 1195 | 1912 | 0-4-0ST | 1' 11½" (0,597 m) | static | |
| Locomotive Depot at Estação da Luz in São Paulo, Brazil | No. 2 | 662 | 1900 | 0-4-0LB | 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) | static | ||
| ABPF - Regional São Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil | none | No. 4 | 664 | 1900 | 0-4-0LB | 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) | static (in operational condition) | |
| No. 9 | 669 | 1900 | 0-4-0LB | 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) | awaiting restoration | |||
| No. 11 | 667 | 1900 | 0-4-0LB | 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) | awaiting restoration | |||
| St. Kitts Sugar Corp | Brazil | No. 5 | 1314 | 1916 | 0-4-2ST | derelict |
A Fairlie locomotive is a type of articulated steam locomotive that has the driving wheels on bogies. The locomotive may be double-ended or single ended. Fairlies are most famously associated with the Ffestiniog Railway in North Wales.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a New Zealand locomotive that was shipped across the Pacific Ocean.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0 represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven. The wheels on the earliest four-coupled locomotives were connected by a single gear wheel, but from 1825 the wheels were usually connected with coupling rods to form a single driven set.
A Garratt locomotive is a type of steam locomotive invented by British engineer Herbert William Garratt that is articulated into three parts. Its boiler, firebox, and cab are mounted on a centre frame or "bridge". The two other parts, one at each end, have a pivot to support the central frame; they consist of a steam engine unit – with driving wheels, trailing wheels, valve gear, and cylinders, and above it, fuel and/or water storage.
4-4-0 is a locomotive type with a classification that uses the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement and represents the arrangement: four leading wheels on two axles, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and a lack of trailing wheels. Due to the large number of the type that were produced and used in the United States, the 4-4-0 is most commonly known as the "American" or "Eight-Wheeler" type, but the type subsequently also became popular in the United Kingdom, where large numbers were produced.
The Hunslet Engine Company is a locomotive-building company, founded in 1864 in Hunslet, England. It manufactured steam locomotives for over 100 years and currently manufactures diesel shunting locomotives. The company is part of Ed Murray & Sons.
The War Department Light Railways were a system of narrow gauge trench railways run by the British War Department in World War I. Light railways made an important contribution to the Allied war effort in the First World War, and were used for the supply of ammunition and stores, the transport of troops and the evacuation of the wounded.
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 3F0-6-0T is a class of steam locomotives, often known as Jinty. They represent the ultimate development of the Midland Railway's six-coupled tank engines. They could reach speeds of up to 60 mph (97 km/h).
Hudswell, Clarke and Company Limited was an engineering and locomotive building company in Jack Lane, Hunslet, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.
W. G. Bagnall was a locomotive manufacturer from Stafford, England which was founded in 1875 and operated until it was taken over in 1962 by English Electric.
Manning Wardle was a steam locomotive manufacturer based in Hunslet, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.
Yaxham Light Railway is a 2 ft narrow gauge light railway situated adjacent to Yaxham railway station on the Mid-Norfolk Railway. It is located in the village of Yaxham in the English county of Norfolk. The railway is listed as exempt from the UK Railways (Interoperability) Regulations 2000.
The Avonside Engine Company was a locomotive manufacturer in Avon Street, St. Philip's, Bristol, England between 1864 and 1934. However the business originated with an earlier enterprise Henry Stothert and Company.
Robert Hudson Ltd was a major international supplier of light railway materials, based in Gildersome, near Leeds, England. The name was later changed to Robert Hudson (Raletrux) Ltd.
The Statfold Barn Railway is a narrow gauge railway based near Tamworth, Staffordshire and partially in Warwickshire, England. Founded by engineering entrepreneur Graham Lee and his wife Carol at their farm-based home, they originally designed what is still termed the garden railway, in which Graham could run his trains and Carol could design an extensive English country garden around a lake.
A trench railway was a type of railway that represented military adaptation of early 20th-century railway technology to the problem of keeping soldiers supplied during the static trench warfare phase of World War I. The large concentrations of soldiers and artillery at the front lines required delivery of enormous quantities of food, ammunition and fortification construction materials where transport facilities had been destroyed. Reconstruction of conventional roads and railways was too slow, and fixed facilities were attractive targets for enemy artillery. Trench railways linked the front with standard gauge railway facilities beyond the range of enemy artillery. Empty cars often carried litters returning wounded from the front.
The Amberley Museum Railway is a 2 ft narrow gauge railway based at Amberley Museum, Amberley, West Sussex. It has a varied collection of engines and rolling stock ranging from 18 in gauge to 5 ft 3 in gauge. It operates passenger trains at the museum using a mixture of steam, internal combustion and battery-electric locomotives.
Edward Thomas is a narrow gauge steam locomotive. Built by Kerr Stuart & Co. Ltd. at the California Works, Stoke-on-Trent in 1921, it was delivered new to the Corris Railway where it ran until 1948. After that railway closed, the locomotive was brought to the Talyllyn Railway in 1951, then restored, and remains in working order at the heritage railway. It has carried the operating number 4 under four successive owners.
The South African Railways Class NG1 0-4-0T of 1900 was a narrow-gauge steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
Tube-gauge steam locomotives may appear to be an unlikely possibility, because of the problems of using such a machine in the confines of a tunnel less than 12-foot (3.7 m) in diameter, but the London Underground had three such vehicles over the years. Two were built by the Hunslet Engine Company in 1899, and the third by Kerr, Stuart and Company in 1922.
