Khalili Collections

Last updated

Khalili Collections
Khalili Collections logo with wordmark.png
Logo of the Khalili Collections
Khalili Collections
Established1970;54 years ago (1970) [1]
Collection size35,000 [1]
Founder Nasser D. Khalili
Website www.khalilicollections.org OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

The Khalili Collections are eight distinct art collections assembled by Nasser D. Khalili over five decades. [2] [1] Together, the collections include some 35,000 works of art, [1] and each is considered among the most important in its field. [3]

Contents

Among these are the largest private collection of Islamic art, with 26,000 objects. A separate collection includes around 5,000 objects relating to the Hajj, spanning from the 7th century AD to the present day. From Japan, there are 2,200 pieces of Meiji era decorative art and another collection of more than 450 kimono, covering a 300-year period. The most comprehensive private collection of enamels, with over 1,500 pieces, includes examples from China, Japan, Europe, and Islamic lands. The eight collections also include 100 flatweave textiles from southern Sweden, 150 examples of Spanish damascened metalwork (i.e. with metal inlaid into other metal), and 48 Aramaic documents from 4th century-BC Bactria. These various collections show two themes that commonly motivate private collections: collecting examples of the highest artistic merit and forming complete series. [4]

One hundred catalogues and monographs describing the collections are being published. There have been numerous public exhibitions drawn exclusively from the collections, as well as loans of objects to heritage institutions.

Collections

Islamic Art (700–2000)

The Khalili Collections include one of the world's most comprehensive collections of Islamic art [5] [6] and the largest in private hands. [7] [8] [9] The Nasser D. Khalili Collection of Islamic Art includes 26,000 objects documenting arts from Islamic lands over a period of almost 1400 years. It was described in 1998 as "one of the largest and most representative collections of Quranic manuscripts in the world" [10] and is the largest private collection. [11] [12] Khalili is motivated by a belief that Islamic art is the most beautiful, yet has been underappreciated by the wider world. [4] The collection has been described as presenting art works of interest to Westerners without abstracting them away from the aesthetic standards of Islamic culture. [4] Khalili defines Islamic art as "art produced by Muslim artists for Muslim patrons"; only a minority of the objects have an explicitly religious purpose. [4]

In addition to rare and illustrated manuscripts, the collection includes album and miniature paintings, [13] lacquer, [14] ceramics, [15] glass and rock crystal, [16] metalwork, [17] arms and armour, [18] jewellery, [19] carpets and textiles, [20] over 15,000 coins [21] and architectural elements. [22] The ceramic collection, numbering around 2,000, has been described as particularly strong in pottery of the Timurid era and also pottery of pre-Mongol Bamiyan. [23] The jewellery collection includes more than 600 rings, many purely decorative but some with religious inscriptions or having a secular function, such as signet rings. [24] Around two hundred objects relate to medieval Islamic science and medicine, including astronomical instruments for orienting towards Mecca, scales and weights, and supposedly magical objects intended for medical use. [25]

This collection was the basis in 2008 for the first comprehensive exhibition of Islamic art to be staged in the Middle East, at the Emirates Palace in Abu Dhabi. [8] This was also the largest exhibition of Islamic art held anywhere up to that date. [8] Exhibitions drawing exclusively from the collection have been held at Art Gallery of New South Wales in Sydney, the Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris and the Nieuwe Kerk in Amsterdam as well as at many other museums and institutions worldwide. [26]

The collection includes folios from manuscripts with Persian miniatures, including the Great Mongol Shahnameh (c. 1330s), ten folios from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp (c. 1520), [27] and 59 folios from the oldest manuscript of the Jami al-tawarikh (1314), Rashid-al-Din’s world history. [28] There is also a 13th-century saddle from the era of Genghis Khan, [29] and an astrolabe commissioned by Shah Jahan (1648–58). [30]

The Wall Street Journal has called it the greatest collection of Islamic Art in existence. [5] According to Edward Gibbs, Chairman of Middle East and India at Sotheby's, it is the best such collection in private hands. [6]

Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage (700–2000)

Alongside the Topkapı Palace museum, the collection is considered the largest and most significant group of objects relating to the cultural history of the Hajj. [31] It holds objects and archival documents from all over the Islamic world, from the Umayyad period to the 21st century. [26] It includes over 300 textiles and many other objects such as coins, medals, miniatures, manuscripts and photographs relating to Mecca and Medina. In total, the collection contains approximately 5,000 objects. [32] Among them are a mahmal (AH 1067 (AD 1656–7)) commissioned by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmet IV, [33] sitaras (textile coverings) for the door of the Kaaba, [34] for the mosque of the Prophet in Medina, and for the Station of Abraham, [34] the earliest known accurate eyewitness account of Mecca [35] and some of the earliest photographs taken of Mecca and the Hajj, by Mohammed Sadiq Bey. [36]

Aramaic Documents (353BC–324BC)

A Long List of Supplies Disbursed, Bactria, starts on 15 Sivan, year 7 of Alexander, corresponding to 8 June 324BC Khalili Collection Aramaic Documents manuscript Bactria.jpg
A Long List of Supplies Disbursed, Bactria, starts on 15 Sivan, year 7 of Alexander, corresponding to 8 June 324BC

The collection comprises 48 historically significant Aramaic documents from Ancient Bactria, consisting of mainly letters and accounts related to the court of the satrap of Bactria. Together these letters and accounts make up the oldest known correspondence of the administration of Bactria and Sogdiana. [37] The documents, written in Official Aramaic, were likely to originate from the historical city of Balkh and all are dated within a period of less than 30 years, between 353 BC to 324 BC. [38] The newest of the documents was written during Alexander the Great’s early reign in the region, using the name ‘Alexandros’ (‘Iksndrs’) by which he later became known. [39]

Japanese Art of the Meiji Period (1868–1912)

The collection of Meiji decorative arts is only comparable in terms of quality to the collection of the Japanese Imperial family. [2] It comprises over 2,200 pieces, including metalwork, enamels, lacquer, textiles and ceramics. [40] The Meiji period saw a cultural revolution in Japan where traditional tastes were met with international ones. Since the beginning of Emperor Meiji’s reign in Japan, European and international collectors have sought pieces of Japanese art from this era. Many works in the collections were produced by Imperial Court artists and were exhibited at the Great Exhibitions of the late 19th century. [41] These imperial court artists include Shibata Zeshin, [42] Namikawa Yasuyuki, [43] Makuzu Kozan, [44] Yabu Meizan, [44] Kano Natsuo, [45] Suzuki Chokichi, [46] and Shirayama Shosai. [47]

Exhibitions drawing exclusively from the collection have been held at the British Museum, Israel Museum, Van Gogh Museum, Portland Museum, Moscow Kremlin Museums, and at many other museums and institutions worldwide. [26]

Japanese Kimono (1700–2000)

The collection represents three hundred years of the Japanese textile industry and contains over 450 garments. The garments have been worn to demonstrate gender, age, status and wealth throughout Japan's history. The core of the collection is made up of kimono from the Edo (1603–1868), Meiji (1868–1912), Taisho (1912–1926) and early Showa (1926–1989) eras. [48] [49]

Swedish Textiles (1700–1900)

Carriage Cushion Cover (Two Lions in Floral Roundels), Sweden, Scania, Bara district, late 18th century Khalili Collection Swedish Textiles Carriage Cushion Cover.jpg
Carriage Cushion Cover (Two Lions in Floral Roundels), Sweden, Scania, Bara district, late 18th century

The collection consists mostly of textile panels, cushion and bed covers from the Scania region of southern Sweden, dating in the main from a hundred-year-old period of the mid-18th to mid-19th centuries. The majority of the pieces in the collection were made for wedding ceremonies in the region. While they played a part in the ceremonies, they were also a reflection of the artistry and skill of the weaver. Their designs often consist of symbolic illustrations of fertility and long life. The entire collection is made up of 100 pieces. [26] In 2008 it was described as "the only extensive collection of Swedish flatweaves outside the country". [50]

Exhibitions drawing exclusively from the collection have been held at the Swedish Cultural Institute in Paris and Boston University Art Gallery. [26]

Spanish Damascene Metalwork (1850–1900)

Iron Cassone, Spain, Eibar, 1871 Khalili Collection Spanish Damascene Metalwork cassone, Elbar.jpg
Iron Cassone, Spain, Eibar, 1871

One of the largest collections of its kind, the Spanish Metalwork collection pays homage to the Zuloaga family, which played a major part in the preservation of damascening in Spain. [51] The collection contains pieces created by Plácido Zuloaga between 1834 and 1910. Some of the pieces, such as a giant iron cassone, were originally acquired by the 19th-century English collector, Alfred Morrison. [52] The entire collection comprises over 150 pieces, 22 of which are signed by Plácido Zuloaga. [52]

At the opening of the Khalili Zuloaga exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, its then director Alan Borg said it was "a landmark in the study of 19th century Spanish decorative art". [53] Other exhibitions also drawing exclusively from the collection have been held at the Bilbao Fine Arts Museum and Alhambra Palace in Granada. [26]

Enamels of the World (1700–2000)

The collection consists of over 1,500 pieces and showcases the global significance and evolution of enamelling, covering a 300-year period. [54] It is the most comprehensive private collection of its kind. [55] The uniqueness of the collection lies in its geographic, artistic and historical range, including pieces from China, Japan, Islamic countries and Europe. [56] Objects include the enamelled chariot belonging to the Indian Maharaja of Bhavnagar [57] and a painted enamel throne table with the seal mark of the 18th century Chinese Qianlong emperor. [58] Other objects include presentation chargers, jewellery, miniatures and ornamental pieces. [55]

At the 2009–10 Enamels of the world exhibition held at the State Hermitage Museum, its director Mikhail Piotrovsky said "Unique in its scope, the Collection reveals the remarkable technical achievements of the enamellers and encourages a greater awareness of the range of their activity." [53]

Publications

A selection of the over 100 publications representing the eight collections Khalili Collection Publications Selection.jpg
A selection of the over 100 publications representing the eight collections

The Khalili Collections are represented in 70 publications, including exhibition catalogues, with work in progress to extend this to 100. The total costs associated with the conservation, research, scholarship, and publication of the collections are estimated to be in the tens of millions of pounds. [59]

Islamic art

Studies in the Khalili Collection – academic monographs

Aramaic documents

Japanese art of the Meiji period

Japanese kimono

Swedish textile art

Spanish damascene metalwork

Enamels of the world

Exhibitions

The following exhibitions were drawn exclusively from the Khalili Collections. [26]

Islamic art

This collection was the basis in 2008 for the first comprehensive exhibition of Islamic art to be staged in the Middle East, at the Emirates Palace in Abu Dhabi. [8] This was also the largest exhibition of Islamic art held anywhere up to that date. [8] Exhibitions drawing exclusively from the collection have been held at Art Gallery of New South Wales in Sydney, the Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris and the Nieuwe Kerk in Amsterdam as well as at many other museums and institutions worldwide. [26]

Empire of the Sultans: Ottoman Art from the Khalili Collection

Marvels of the East: Indian Paintings of the Mughal Period from the Khalili Collection

Empire of the Sultans: Ottoman Art from the Khalili Collection

Ornements de la Perse: Islamic Patterns in 19th Century Europe

Empire of the Sultans: Ottoman Art from the Khalili Collection

The Arts of Islam: Treasures from the Nasser D. Khalili Collection

Passion for Perfection: Islamic Art from the Khalili Collection

Japanese art

Japanese Imperial Craftsmen: Meiji Art from the Khalili Collection

Treasures of Imperial Japan: Ceramics from the Khalili Collection

Shibata Zeshin: Masterpieces of Japanese Lacquer from the Khalili Collection

Splendors of Meiji: Treasures of Imperial Japan

Shibata Zeshin: Masterpieces of Japanese Lacquer from the Khalili Collection

Splendors of Imperial Japan: Arts of the Meiji Period from the Khalili Collection

Splendors of Imperial Japan: Masterpieces from the Khalili Collection

Wonders of Imperial Japan: Meiji Art from the Khalili Collection

Meiji-Kunst & Japonismus: Aus der Sammlung Khalili

Beyond Imagination: Treasures of Imperial Japan from The Khalili Collection, 19th to early 20th century

Spanish damascene metalwork

Plácido Zuloaga: Spanish Treasures from The Khalili Collection

El Arte y Tradición de los Zuloaga: Damasquinado Español de la Colección Khalili

Plácido Zuloaga: Meisterwerke in gold, silber und eisen damaszener–schmiedekunst aus der Khalili-Sammlung

Metal Magic: Spanish Treasures from the Khalili Collection

Swedish Textiles

Swedish Textile Art: The Khalili Collection

Textiles de Scanie des XVIII et XIX Siècles dans la Collection Khalili

A Monument to Love: Swedish Marriage Textiles from the Khalili Collection

Enamels of the world

Enamels of the World 1700–2000 from the Khalili Collection

Loans to museums and galleries

The collections have also loaned art for display in many countries. [26]

Earthly Beauty, Heavenly Art: The Art of Islam, an exhibition of objects from the Islamic collection and the State Hermitage Museum was seen at

The Khalili Collections were the largest lender to the Hajj: Journey to the Heart of Islam exhibition at the British Museum from January to April 2012. [8] This was the first major exhibition on the subject of the Hajj [61] [62] and its success inspired subsequent exhibitions at the National Museum of Ethnology in Leiden, the Tropenmuseum in Amsterdam, the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, and the Arab World Institute in Paris which also drew from the Khalili Collections. [63] [64] [26]

Digitisation

Since 2019, the Khalili Collections have partnered with Wikimedia UK to share images of art works and improve Wikipedia articles. [65] The collections have also provided images and text for Google Arts & Culture [66] and Europeana. [67] For the 2023 video game Assassin's Creed Mirage , the Khalili Collections were one of four partner institutions providing images for the game's educational database. An astrolabe and a statuette of a camel and rider were among the objects used to illustrate the game's setting of 9th century Baghdad. [68] [69]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vitreous enamel</span> Material made by fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing

Vitreous enamel, also called porcelain enamel, is a material made by fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between 750 and 850 °C. The powder melts, flows, and then hardens to a smooth, durable vitreous coating. The word vitreous comes from the Latin vitreus, meaning "glassy".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cloisonné</span> Enamelling technique used on metal

Cloisonné is an ancient technique for decorating metalwork objects with colored material held in place or separated by metal strips or wire, normally of gold. In recent centuries, vitreous enamel has been used, but inlays of cut gemstones, glass and other materials were also used during older periods; indeed cloisonné enamel very probably began as an easier imitation of cloisonné work using gems. The resulting objects can also be called cloisonné. The decoration is formed by first adding compartments to the metal object by soldering or affixing silver or gold as wires or thin strips placed on their edges. These remain visible in the finished piece, separating the different compartments of the enamel or inlays, which are often of several colors. Cloisonné enamel objects are worked on with enamel powder made into a paste, which then needs to be fired in a kiln. If gemstones or colored glass are used, the pieces need to be cut or ground into the shape of each cloison.

Shibata Zeshin was a Japanese lacquer painter and print artist of the late Edo period and early Meiji era. He has been called "Japan's greatest lacquerer", but his reputation as painter and print artist is more complex: In Japan, he is known as both too modern, a panderer to the Westernization movement, and also an overly conservative traditionalist who did nothing to stand out from his contemporaries. Despite holding this complicated reputation in Japan, Zeshin has come to be well regarded and much studied among the art world of the West, in Britain and the United States in particular.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Japanese lacquerware</span> Japanese craft using lacquer to coat objects

Lacquerware is a Japanese craft with a wide range of fine and decorative arts, as lacquer has been used in urushi-e, prints, and on a wide variety of objects from Buddha statues to bento boxes for food.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nasser Khalili</span> British scholar, collector and philanthropist (born 1945)

Sir Nasser David Khalili KCSS is a British scholar, collector, and philanthropist based in London. Born in Iran and educated at Queens College, City University of New York and the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, he is a naturalised British citizen.

Joe Earle is an author and curator. He was chair of the Asia, Oceania, and Africa department at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. He served as Vice President and Director for the Japan Society Gallery at Japan Society from 2007 to 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ōshima Joun</span> Japanese sculptor and artist

Ōshima Joun was a Japanese sculptor and artist, noted for his great artistry and skill in bronze casting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ando Jubei</span> Japanese artist

Ando Jubei (1876–1956) was a Japanese cloisonné artist from Nagoya. Along with Hayashi Kodenji, he dominated Nagoya's enameling industry in the late Meiji era. Ando, Namikawa Yasuyuki, and Namikawa Sōsuke are considered the three artists whose technical innovations brought in the "Golden Age for Japanese cloisonné" in the late 19th century.

Namikawa Sōsuke (1847–1910) was a Japanese cloisonné artist, known for innovations that developed cloisonné enamel into an artistic medium sharing many features with paintings. He and Namikawa Yasuyuki were the most famous cloisonné artists of the 1890 to 1910 period, known as the "golden age" of Japanese enamels. Around 1880 he set up and ran the Tokyo branch of the Nagoya Cloisonné Company. He exhibited his artworks at national and international expositions, where he took an organising role. He was recognised as an Imperial Household Artist and created art works for imperial residences. He sometimes signed his works with the character sakigake (pioneer).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Namikawa Yasuyuki</span>

Namikawa Yasuyuki (1845–1927) — original family name Takaoka — was a Japanese cloisonné artist. His work was highly sought after in his own lifetime and is held in several collections today. He and Namikawa Sōsuke were the most famous cloisonné artists of the 1890 to 1910 period, known as the "Golden age" of Japanese enamels. From 1875 to 1915, he won prizes at 51 exhibitions, including at world's fairs and at Japan's National Industrial Exhibition. For his work he was appointed an Imperial Household Artist in 1896. He sometimes signed his pieces Kyoto Namikawa.

Kawade Shibatarō was a Japanese artist working in shippo. As head of the Ando Cloisonné Company, he introduced a number of technical innovations, expanding the colours that could be rendered in enamel and bringing the company to a new level of success. Under his leadership, the company exhibited at world's fairs, winning multiple awards. It was also appointed as an official supplier of cloisonné works for the Japanese imperial family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalili Collection of Japanese Art</span> Private collection of Meiji-era art

The Khalili Collection of Japanese Art is a private collection of decorative art from Meiji-era (1868–1912) Japan, assembled by the British scholar, collector and philanthropist Nasser D. Khalili. Its 2,200 art works include metalwork, enamels, ceramics, lacquered objects, and textile art, making it comparable only to the collection of the Japanese imperial family in terms of size and quality. The Meiji era was a time when Japan absorbed some Western cultural influences and used international events to promote its art, which became very influential in Europe. Rather than covering the whole range of Meiji-era decorative art, Khalili has focused on objects of the highest technical and artistic quality. Some of the works were made by artists of the imperial court for the Great Exhibitions of the late 19th century. The collection is one of eight assembled, published, and exhibited by Khalili.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalili Imperial Garniture</span> Trio of enamel artworks

The Khalili Imperial Garniture is a trio of cloisonné vases created for a Japanese Imperial commission during the Meiji era. The items were exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, United States, in 1893, where they were described as "the largest examples of cloisonné enamel ever made". The decoration of the vases represents virtues and the seasons, and also has an allegorical meaning about Japan's role in a changing world and its alliance with the United States. After being exhibited, the vases were separated from each other for more than 120 years, eventually reunited in 2019 in the Khalili Collection of Japanese Art, a private collection assembled by the British collector and scholar Nasser D. Khalili.

Yabu Meizan was a Japanese artist and workshop owner known for painting on porcelain. His studio produced high-end Satsuma ware, primarily for the export market. That term was originally coined for artistic painted porcelain from the Satsuma Province. Eventually it expanded to include low-quality porcelain that was mass-produced for export, whereas Meizan was one of the artists who continued the tradition of high artistic quality while also successfully exporting. He is regarded as the "prince" of this medium and today his works are sought after by collectors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalili Collection of Enamels of the World</span> Private art collection

The Khalili Collection of Enamels of the World is a private collection of enamel artworks from the period 1700 to 2000, assembled by the British scholar, collector and philanthropist Nasser D. Khalili. It is one of the eight Khalili Collections, each of which is considered among the most important in its field.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage</span> Collection of items relating to Islamic pilgrimage

The Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage is a private collection of around 5,000 items relating to the Hajj, the pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca which is a religious duty in Islam. It is one of eight collections assembled, conserved, published and exhibited by the British scholar, collector and philanthropist Nasser Khalili; each collection is considered among the most important in its field. The collection's 300 textiles include embroidered curtains from the Kaaba, the Station of Abraham, the Mosque of the Prophet Muhammad and other holy sites, as well as textiles that would have formed part of pilgrimage caravans from Egypt or Syria. It also has illuminated manuscripts depicting the practice and folklore of the Hajj as well as photographs, art pieces, and commemorative objects relating to the Hajj and the holy sites of Mecca and Medina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sitara (textile)</span> Ornamental curtain used in some sacred sites of Islam

A sitara or sitarah is an ornamental curtain used in the sacred sites of Islam. A sitara forms part of the kiswah, the cloth covering of the Kaaba in Mecca. Another sitara adorns the Prophet's Tomb in the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi mosque in Medina. These textiles bear embroidered inscriptions of verses from the Quran and other significant texts. Sitaras have been created annually since the 16th century as part of a set of textiles sent to Mecca. The tradition is that the textiles are provided by the ruler responsible for the holy sites. In different eras, this has meant the Mamluk Sultans, the Sultans of the Ottoman Empire, and presently the rulers of Saudi Arabia. The construction of the sitaras is both an act of religious devotion and a demonstration of the wealth of the rulers who commission them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalili Collection of Islamic Art</span> Private collection of art from Islamic lands

The Nasser D. Khalili Collection of Islamic Art includes 26,000 objects documenting Islamic art over a period of almost 1400 years, from 700 AD to the end of the twentieth century. It is the largest of the Khalili Collections: eight collections assembled, conserved, published and exhibited by the British scholar, collector and philanthropist Nasser David Khalili, each of which is considered among the most important in its field. Khalili's collection is one of the most comprehensive Islamic art collections in the world and the largest in private hands.

<i>Hajj: Journey to the Heart of Islam</i> 2012 exhibition at the British Museum

Hajj: Journey to the Heart of Islam was an exhibition held at the British Museum in London from 26 January to 15 April 2012. It was the world's first major exhibition telling the story, visually and textually, of the hajj – the pilgrimage to Mecca which is one of the five pillars of Islam. Textiles, manuscripts, historical documents, photographs, and art works from many different countries and eras were displayed to illustrate the themes of travel to Mecca, hajj rituals, and the Kaaba. More than two hundred objects were included, drawn from forty public and private collections in a total of fourteen countries. The largest contributor was David Khalili's family trust, which lent many objects that would later be part of the Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage.

<i>Empire of the Sultans</i> Touring Islamic art exhibition (1995–2004)

Empire of the Sultans: Ottoman Art of the Khalili Collection was a 1995–2004 touring exhibition displaying objects from the Khalili Collection of Islamic Art. Around two hundred exhibits, including calligraphy, textiles, pottery, weapons, and metalwork, illustrated the art and daily life of six centuries of the Ottoman Empire. Many of the objects had been created for the leaders of the empire, the sultans. Two of the calligraphic pieces were the work of sultans themselves.

References

Definition of Free Cultural Works logo notext.svg  This article incorporates text from a free content work.Licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0.Text taken from The Khalili Collections​ ,Khalili Foundation.

  1. 1 2 3 4 "The Khalili Family Trust | Collections Online | British Museum". britishmuseum.org. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  2. 1 2 Arkell, Roland (1 March 2019). "Renowned collector Nasser Khalili revealed as buyer of 'lost' monumental Meiji vase as he reunites it with original set". Antiques Trade Gazette. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  3. ↑ "The Khalili Collections major contributor to "Longing for Mecca" exhibition at the Tropenmuseum in Amsterdam". UNESCO. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 16 April 2019. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Ryan, Louise (2015). Transcending boundaries: The arts of Islam: Treasures from the Nassar D. Khalili collection (Thesis). University of Western Sydney. pp. 82–87. ProQuest   1949737243.
  5. 1 2 McKie, Andrew (27 January 2012). "The British Museum's Pilgrimage". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  6. 1 2 Green, William (30 March 2010). "Iranian Student With $750 Turns Billionaire Made by Islamic Art". Bloomberg. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  7. ↑ Gayford, Martin (16 April 2004). "Healing the world with art". The Independent. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Moore, Susan (12 May 2012). "A leap of faith". Financial Times. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  9. ↑ "BBC World Service – Arts & Culture - Khalili Collection: Picture gallery". www.bbc.co.uk. 14 December 2010. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  10. ↑ Irwin, Robert (November 1998). "Review: Calligraphic Significances: Catalogues of the Nasser D. Khalili Collection of Islamic Art". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 25 (2). Taylor & Francis: 355–361. JSTOR   40662688.
  11. ↑ "The Abbasid Tradition: Qur'ans of the 8th to the 10th centuries AD". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  12. ↑ The Abbasid Tradition Qur'ans of the 8th And 10th Centuries Ad. Deroche, Francois. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. 2005. ISBN   9781874780519. OCLC   954219022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  13. ↑ "Paintings from India". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  14. ↑ "Lacquer of the Islamic Lands (Part One and Part Two)". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  15. ↑ "Cobalt and Lustre: The first centuries of Islamic pottery". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  16. ↑ "Glass: From Sasanian antecedents to European imitations". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  17. ↑ "Brasses, Bronze & Silver of the Islamic Lands". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  18. ↑ "The Arts of War: Arms and Armour of the 7th to 19th centuries". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  19. ↑ "Gems and Jewels of Mughal India. Jewelled and enamelled objects from the 16th to 20th centuries". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  20. ↑ "Textiles, Carpets and Costumes". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  21. ↑ "Dinars and Dirhams. Coins of the Islamic lands. The early period (Part One)". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  22. ↑ "Monuments and Memorials. Carvings and tile work from the Islamic world". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  23. ↑ Baker, Phil (December 1995). "Khalili's collection". The Art Book. 2 (4): 8. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8357.1995.tb00290.x. ISSN   1368-6267.
  24. ↑ "Ornament and Amulet: Rings of the Islamic Lands". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  25. ↑ "Science, Tools & Magic: (Part One) Body and Spirit, Mapping the Universe; (Part Two) Mundane Worlds". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "The Eight Collections". nasserdkhalili.com. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  27. ↑ "History and epic paintings from Iran and Turkey (Part One)". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  28. ↑ "Islamic Art | The Jami' al-Tawarikh of Rashid al-Din". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  29. ↑ "Islamic Art | Saddle Fittings and Horse Trappings". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  30. ↑ Sarma, Sreeramula Rajeswara (2019). "A Monumental Astrolabe Made for Shāh Jahān and Later Reworked with Sanskrit Legends". In Rodríguez-Arribas, Josefina; Burnett, Charles; Ackermann, Silke; Szpiech, Ryan (eds.). Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures. BRILL. pp. 198–262. ISBN   978-90-04-38786-7.
  31. ↑ Scotland, Patricia (2017). "Foreword". Holy Makkah: a Celebration of Unity. London: FIRST. ISBN   9780995728141.
  32. ↑ "Hajj and The Arts of Pilgrimage". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  33. ↑ "Hajj and The Arts of Pilgrimage | A Complete Cover..." Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  34. 1 2 "The sacred textiles of Mecca". Hajj. British Museum. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  35. ↑ "Islamic Art | Panoramic View of Mecca". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  36. ↑ Khan, Qaisra. "Photographic views of Hajj, by Muhammad Sadiq Bey". Discover Islamic Art. Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  37. ↑ Naveh, Joseph; Shaked, Shaul (2012). Aramaic documents from ancient Bactria (fourth century BCE.) from the Khalili collections. London: Khalili Family Trust. pp. x. ISBN   978-1874780748. OCLC   818222949.
  38. ↑ Naveh, Joseph; Shaked, Shaul (2012). Aramaic documents from ancient Bactria (fourth century BCE.) from the Khalili collections. London: Khalili Family Trust. p. 18. ISBN   978-1874780748. OCLC   818222949.
  39. ↑ "Aramaic Documents | A Long List of Supplies..." Khalili Collections. 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  40. ↑ "Japanese Art of the Meiji Period". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
  41. ↑ Earle, Joe (1999). Splendors of Meiji : treasures of imperial Japan : masterpieces from the Khalili Collection. St. Petersburg, Fla.: Broughton International Inc. p. 10. ISBN   1874780137. OCLC   42476594.
  42. ↑ "Shibata Zeshin, Masterpieces of Japanese lacquer from the Khalili Collection". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  43. ↑ "MEIJI NO TAKARA - Treasures of Imperial Japan; Enamel". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  44. 1 2 "Treasures of Imperial Japan, Ceramics from the Khalili Collection". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  45. ↑ "MEIJI NO TAKARA - Treasures of Imperial Japan; Metalwork Parts One & Two". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  46. ↑ "Japanese Art of the Meiji Period | Incense Burner..." Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  47. ↑ "MEIJI NO TAKARA - Treasures of Imperial Japan; Lacquer Part One". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  48. ↑ "Khalili Collections | Kimono". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  49. ↑ Jackson, Anna, ed. (2015). Kimono : the art and evolution of Japanese fashion : the Khalili collections. London. ISBN   9780500518021. OCLC   917375803.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  50. ↑ Moore, Susan (17 March 2008). "The collection is a symphony". Financial Times. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  51. ↑ "Metal Magic: Spanish Treasures from the Khalili Collection, The Auberge de Provence, Valetta, Malta". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  52. 1 2 "Spanish Damascene Metalwork". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
  53. 1 2 "Comments & Reviews". nasserdkhalili.com. December 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  54. ↑ "Enamels Of The World". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
  55. 1 2 "Enamels Of The World". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  56. ↑ "Enamels of the World – 1700–2000". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  57. ↑ "Enamels of the World | Landau Carriage". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  58. ↑ "Enamels of the World | Throne Table". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  59. ↑ Norman, Geraldine (13 December 1992). "Art Market: Mysterious gifts from the East". The Independent. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  60. ↑ "Collector shares beauty of Islamic art with world". CBC. 25 June 2007. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
  61. ↑ Kennedy, Maev (25 January 2012). "Hajj exhibition at British Museum". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  62. ↑ Akbar, Arifa (20 January 2012). "Pilgrim's progress: Journey to the Heart of Islam". The Independent. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  63. ↑ Mishkhas, Abeer (26 July 2013). "The British Museum's Hajj exhibition inspires Paris, Leiden and Doha". Asharq Al-Awsat. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  64. ↑ Tamimi Arab, Pooyan (26 May 2020). "Longing for Mecca (Verlangen naar Mekka): Tropenmuseum, Amsterdam (February 2019 – January 2020)". Material Religion. 16 (3): 394–396. doi: 10.1080/17432200.2020.1775420 . ISSN   1743-2200.
  65. ↑ Lawson-Tancred, Jo (11 October 2019). "Around the world in 35,000 objects – and a handful of clicks". Apollo . Retrieved 5 May 2021.
  66. ↑ Sood, Amit (2021). "Harnessing technology to explore humanity's culture". In Ahmed, Waqas (ed.). UNESCO The Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity: Marking the 20th Anniversary. London: Khalili Foundation. p. 106. ISBN   978-1-3999-1149-8.
  67. ↑ Ahmed, Waqas; McCarthy, Douglas (16 March 2021). "Europeana and the Khalili Collections - introducing our new partnership". Europeana PRO. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  68. ↑ Mainka, Inga (6 July 2023). "Assassin's Creed Mirage Goes Back To Its Roots: Most Accurate AC In Years". EarlyGame. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  69. ↑ "'My son showed me Assassin's Creed, now I've helped build the new one'". STV News. 5 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.