The politics of Nepal functions within the framework of a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and their cabinet, while legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
Pushpa Kamal Dahal, alias Prachanda, is a Nepalese politician, currently serving as the Leader of the Opposition, since July 2024. He has served as the Prime Minister of Nepal on three separate occasions, from 2008 to 2009 as the first prime minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, from 2016 to 2017, and again from 2022 to 2024.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)), abbreviated CPN (Maoist Centre) or CPN (MC), is the third largest political party in Nepal and a member party of Samajbadi Morcha. It was founded in 1994 after breaking away from the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre). The party launched an armed struggle in 1996 against the Nepalese government. In 2006, the party formally joined mainstream politics after signing a peace agreement following the 2006 Nepalese revolution.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी), romanized: nēpāl kamyuniṣṭ pārṭī (ēkīkṛt mārksavādī-lēninavādī); abbr. CPN (UML)) is a communist political party in Nepal. The party emerged as one of the major parties in Nepal after the end of the Panchayat era.
Madhav Kumar Nepal, is a Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister of Nepal. He served as prime minister from 32 May 2009 to 6 February 2011.
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.
The Nepal Communist Party, abbreviated NCP is a defunct communist party which existed in Nepal from 2018 to 2021. It was founded on 17 May 2018, from the unification of two leftist parties, Communist Party of Nepal and Communist Party of Nepal. The unification was completed by the Party Unification Coordination Committee, after eight months of negotiation. The two predecessor parties subsequently dissolved, making way for the new united party. The party retained the electoral symbol of the CPN (UML), the sun.
Narayan Kaji Shrestha, alias Prakash, is a Nepali communist politician currently serving as the Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal. He has been affiliated with a number of communist parties throughout his political career, holding leadership positions. He was a freedom fighter for the democratic movement to abolish the Panchayat system in the 1980s. He remained in the political mainstream during the Maoist civil war and acted as a mediator. After the peaceful settlement of the conflict, he formally joined the Maoist party and has held important political positions since 2008. He has held the offices of the Deputy prime minister of Nepal, Home minister, foreign minister, cabinet spokesperson, Member of Constituent Assembly and Member of Parliament, among others and currently serve as the home minister.
Jhala Nath Khanal is a Nepalese politician who was the 35th Prime Minister of Nepal from February 2011 to August 2011. He was previously the chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal and Leader of the Constituent Assembly Parliamentary Party of the CPN (UML).
Bam Dev Gautam is a Nepalese politician and the former Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal. A member of CPN, Gautam is a former Senior vice Chairman of Communist Party of Nepal. He is currently a member of the National Assembly nominated by the President.
Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli, commonly known as K. P. Sharma Oli or simply K.P. Oli, is a Nepalese politician who is now serving as the Prime Minister of Nepal since 15 July 2024.
The Minister of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation is the head of the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation of the Government of Nepal. One of the senior-most officers in the Federal Cabinet, the minister is responsibility for promoting tourism, culture and private sector involvement in Nepal. The Minister is assisted by the Minister of State for Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation and the junior Deputy Minister of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation.
On 25 February 2014, following the 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election, the Nepali Congress Party formed a government out of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly led by Sushil Koirala and backed by the Communist Party of Nepal. The cabinet consisted of 11 ministers from the Nepali Congress Party, 11 ministers from the Communist Party of Nepal, one minister of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), two ministers of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party and five ministers from other parties.
On 12 October 2015, following the declaration of the Nepalese Constitution, and after Sushil Koirala stepped down as the Prime Minister of Nepal, Khadga Prasad Oli was elected as the new prime minister of Nepal. Oli's candidacy was supported by the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal, and several smaller parties represented in the Nepalese Parliament. After being sworn in, Khadga Prasad Oli formed a new government in a coalition with the parties that supported his election.
On 7 June 2017, Sher Bahadur Deuba got elected as the new prime minister of Nepal and therefore formed the new Governmental Cabinet of Nepal Deuba's candidacy was supported by the Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal, the Rastriya Janata Party Nepal, the Nepal Loktantrik Forum, the Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal and several small parties represented in the Nepalese Parliament after a power-sharing deal with the Communist Party of Nepal, who also supported Deuba's candidacy. After being sworn in, Deuba formed a new government in a coalition with the parties that supported his election. On 17 October 2017, in preparation for the Nepalese legislative election, the Communist Party of Nepal decided to cooperate with the Communist Party of Nepal. For this, all of their ministers left the cabinet after Prime Minister Deuba was prepared to dismiss them.
On 4 August 2016, Pushpa Kamal Dahal of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre) was elected as the Prime Minister of Nepal. His candidacy was supported by the Nepali Congress, and several small parties represented in the Nepalese Parliament after a power-sharing deal with the Nepali Congress. Due to this, Dahal would become Prime Minister until the 2017 Nepalese local elections, after which he would step down in favour of the Nepali Congress.
The Second Oli cabinet, also known as the Oli cabinet, 2018, was the Government of Nepal from 15 February 2018 to 13 July 2021. It initially formed as a majority coalition on 15 February 2018, after Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli was elected as the new Prime Minister of Nepal following the 2017 general election. Oli's candidacy was supported by the Communist Party of Nepal and the Communist Party of Nepal. He assumed his office with two ministers and the remaining ministers were added at later points. The CPN withdrew its support from the government in May 2021, reducing it to a minority, and after the dissolution of the House of Representatives, it turned into an interim government. The cabinet was replaced by the fifth Deuba cabinet, formed after the Supreme Court ordered the appointment of Nepali Congress president Sher Bahadur Deuba as prime minister under Article 76 (5) of the Constitution of Nepal.
General elections were held in Nepal on 20 November 2022 to elect the 275 members of the House of Representatives. There were two ballots in the election; one to elect 165 members from single-member constituencies via FPTP, and the other to elect the remaining 110 members from a single nation-wide constituency via party-list proportional representation.
Prakash Jwala is a Nepali politician currently serving as minister of physical infrastructure and transport of Government of Nepal. He also served in the House of Representatives from 1999 until 2008 and in the Karnali Provincial Assembly from 2018 until his expulsion in April 2021, representing the Salyan 1 constituency as a member of the Communist Party of Nepal. After his expulsion, Jwala joined the newly-formed Communist Party of Nepal, and is running as one of its candidates for the House of Representatives in the 2022 Nepalese general election.
The Dahal cabinet, 2022 or Third Dahal Cabinet was the former Government of Nepal, formed on 26 December 2022 after Pushpa Kamal Dahal was appointed as the new Prime Minister of Nepal by president Bidya Devi Bhandari, following the 2022 Nepalese general election.
