| Kontikia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Kontikia ventrolineata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Platyhelminthes |
| Order: | Tricladida |
| Family: | Geoplanidae |
| Tribe: | Caenoplanini |
| Genus: | Kontikia Froehlich, 1955 |
| Type species | |
| Kontikia orana Froehlich, 1955 | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Kontikia is a genus of land planarians native from islands in the Indo-Pacific region, but several species have been introduced elsewhere. [1]
The genus Kontikia includes planarians of elongate body, with a creeping sole that occupies one to two thirds of the body width. The mesenchymal musculature includes well-developed longitudinal muscles forming a ring zone around the intestine. [2] The copulatory apparatus may or may not have a distinct penis papilla, depending on the degree of contraction of the reproductive structures. [3] This led to an initial classification of specimens without a distinct penis papilla in another genus, Parakontikia. [4]
The complete mitochondrial genome of Kontikia ventrolineata (= Parakontikia ventrolineata) was described in 2020. It displays common unusual characteristics shared with Platydemus manokwari , such as its colinearity, an overlap between ND4L and ND4 genes and an unusually long cox2 gene. [5]
The genus Kontikia includes the following species:
Bipalium is a genus of large predatory land planarians. They are often loosely called "hammerhead worms" or "broadhead planarians" because of the distinctive shape of their head region. Land planarians are unique in that they possess a "creeping sole", a highly ciliated region on the ventral epidermis that helps them to creep over the substrate. Several species are considered invasive to the United States, Canada, and Europe. Some studies have begun the investigation of the evolutionary ecology of these invasive planarians.
Platydemus is a genus of large predatory land planarians in the tribe Rhynchodemini.
The reproductive system of planarians is broadly similar among different families, although the associated structures can vary in complexity.
Caenoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae mostly found throughout the Australasian and Oceanian realms.
Caenoplana is a genus of land planarians from Australia and New Zealand.
Endeavouria is a monotypic genus of land planarians from the Pacific region. It contains a single species, Endeavouria septemlineata.
Amaga is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Othelosoma is a genus of land planarians found in Africa and India.
Gusana is a genus of land planarians found in Chile.
Pimea is a genus of land planarians that currently contains a single species, Pimea monticola, from the central highlands of New Caledonia.
Artioposthia is a genus of land planarians from the Australasian and Indo-Pacific countries. Several species have also been introduced in Europe.
Newzealandia is a genus of land planarians from New Zealand.
Tasmanoplana is a genus of land planarians from Australia.
Reomkago is a genus of land planarians from Australia.
Pelmatoplaninini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae.
Humbertium is a genus of land planarians of the subfamily Bipaliinae.
Diversibipalium is a genus of land planarians of the subfamily Bipaliinae. It was erected to include species lacking sufficient morphological information to allow them to be classified in the appropriate genus.
Australopacifica is a genus of land planarians of the tribe Caenoplanini. It was erected to include species lacking sufficient morphological information to allow them to be classified in the appropriate genus.
Anisorhynchodemus is a genus of land planarians of the tribe Rhynchodemini. It was erected to include species lacking sufficient morphological information to allow them to be classified in the appropriate genus.
Humbertium covidum is a species of predatory land flatworm, found in France and Italy. The Holotype specimen is MNHN JL351B.
