| Korean passport | |
|---|---|
 Korean passport from 1905 | |
| Type | Passport |
| Issued by |  Imperial Korean Foreign Office |
| First issued | 1902 |
| Purpose | Identification |
| Eligibility | Korean nationality |
| Korean Empire passport | |
| Hunminjeongeum | 대한제국집조 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Daehanjeguk Jipjo |
| McCune–Reischauer | Taehanjeguk Chipcho |
Korean Empire passports were issued to subjects of the Korean Empire for international travel.
The first English-language passports of the Korean Empire were issued in 1902 by the People's Comfort Agency (Korean :수민원;綏民院) to Koreans migrating to Hawaii. [1] By 1904,passport issuance was conducted by the Imperial Korean Foreign Office (Korean :대한제국외부). The passport was written in English,French,and Korean Hanmun,and contained the bearer's name,address,age,and destination. [2]
Soon after the 1910s during Colonial Korea,Koreans began having to use Japanese passports. These were not always easy to obtain;the government of Governor-General of Korea issued then as a rule only to a small number of pro-Japanese collaborators (Korean :민족반역자) and/or the Japanese police demanded bribes for these passports to be issued. Even these were in fact colonial subject passports just like BN(O) passports and a special permit was required to travel to Japan (abolished only at the end of colonial rule when the Allied naval blockade disabled travels from/to Japan anyway) Thus,some Koreans resorted to naturalising as citizens of China and acquiring Republic of China passports instead. However,for those aiming to travel to the United States this method created its own difficulties,as the bearers of such passports then became subject to the provisions of the United States' Chinese Exclusion Act. [3] Other Koreans with connections to the Shanghai Exile Government were able to obtain travel documents from there;however,its acceptance was guaranteed as the Shanghai Exile Government was only recognized by the then Republic of China(now Taiwanese) government. Once Korea became liberated by the US,the interim Korean administration re-issued the Jipjo.
Surviving examples of Korean Empire passports are rare. One specimen is the passport of An Cheol-yeong,preserved by his son An Hyeong-ju of Hawaii;in 2012,the younger An donated that passport and his collection of nearly 2,500 other documents of Korean American history to the National Library of Korea in Seoul. [4] Another specimen is the passport issued in 1903 to diplomat Min Yonghwan,which is held by the Soongsil University Museum. [5]
A passport is an official travel document issued by a government that contains a person's identity for international travel. A person with a passport can travel to and from foreign countries more easily and access consular assistance. A passport certifies the personal identity and nationality of its holder. It is typical for passports to contain the full name,photograph,place and date of birth,signature,and the issue and expiration dates of the passport. While passports are typically issued by national governments,certain subnational governments are authorised to issue passports to citizens residing within their borders.
Syngman Rhee was a South Korean politician who served as the first president of South Korea from 1948 to 1960. Rhee is also known by his art name Unam. Rhee was also the first and last president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea from 1919 to his impeachment in 1925 and from 1947 to 1948. As president of South Korea,Rhee's government was characterised by authoritarianism,limited economic development,and in the late 1950s growing political instability and public opposition.
Border control comprises measures taken by governments to monitor and regulate the movement of people,animals,and goods across land,air,and maritime borders. While border control is typically associated with international borders,it also encompasses controls imposed on internal borders within a single state.
The Korean Won or Korean Empire won,was the official currency of the Korean Empire between 1900 and 1910. It was subdivided into 100 jeon.
A visa is a conditional authorization granted by a polity to a foreigner that allows them to enter,remain within,or leave its territory. Visas typically include limits on the duration of the foreigner's stay,areas within the country they may enter,the dates they may enter,the number of permitted visits,or if the individual can work in the country in question. Visas are associated with the request for permission to enter a territory and thus are,in most countries,distinct from actual formal permission for an alien to enter and remain in the country. In each instance,a visa is subject to entry permission by an immigration official at the time of actual entry and can be revoked at any time. Visa evidence most commonly takes the form of a sticker endorsed in the applicant's passport or other travel document but may also exist electronically. Some countries no longer issue physical visa evidence,instead recording details only in immigration databases.
The Korean Empire,officially the Empire of Korea or Imperial Korea,was a Korean monarchical state proclaimed in October 1897 by King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty. The empire stood until Japan's annexation of Korea in August 1910.
The Korean independence movement was a series of diplomatic and militant efforts to liberate Korea from Japanese rule. The movement began around the late 19th or early 20th century,and ended with the surrender of Japan in 1945. As independence activism on the peninsula was largely suppressed by Japan,many significant efforts were conducted abroad by the Korean diaspora,as well as by a number of sympathetic non-Koreans.
The Korean Provisional Government (KPG),formally the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea,was a Korean government in exile based in China during the Japanese occupation of Korea.
The Hong Kong Certificate of Identity (CI) was a formal travel document and passport,issued by the Hong Kong Government's Immigration Department until 30 June 1997. It is no longer possible to possess a valid CI as a travel document,as all CIs have expired by 30 June 2007,though most CI holders should be eligible to hold the HKSAR Passport.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Passport is a passport issued only to permanent residents of Hong Kong who also hold Chinese citizenship. In accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,since the transfer of sovereignty on 1 July 1997,the passport has been issued by the Immigration Department of the Government of Hong Kong under the authorisation of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. As the official languages of Hong Kong are Chinese and English,the passport is printed bilingually in both Chinese and English. In addition,unlike Chinese passport which can be issued by Chinese consulates abroad,the Immigration Department is the only issuing authority for HKSAR passports.
South Korean nationality law (Korean: 국적법) details the conditions in which an individual is a national of the Republic of Korea (ROK),commonly known as South Korea. Foreign nationals may naturalize after living in the country for at least five years and showing proficiency in the Korean language. All male citizens between the ages of 18 and 35 who are able-bodied and mentally competent are required to perform at least 18 months of compulsory military service or alternative civilian service.
The "Patriotic Hymn of the Great Korean Empire" was the national anthem of the Korean Empire during the 1900s. It was the first and only national anthem of a unified Korean state to date.
A travel document is an identity document issued by a government or international entity pursuant to international agreements to enable individuals to clear border control measures. Travel documents usually assure other governments that the bearer may return to the issuing country,and are often issued in booklet form to allow other governments to place visas as well as entry and exit stamps into them.
The People's Republic of China Passport,commonly referred to as the Chinese passport,is a passport issued to citizens of the People's Republic of China (PRC) for the purpose of international travel,and entitles its bearer to the protection of China's consular officials overseas.
The Republic of Korea passport,commonly referred to as the South Korean passport,is issued to a South Korean citizen to facilitate their international travel. Like any other passport,South Korean passports serve as proof for passport holders' personal information,such as nationality and date of birth. South Korean passports are issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and have been printed by the Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation (KOMSCO) since 1973. On 21 December 2021,issuing the next generation biometric passports to South Korean citizens has begun,which was delayed by one year as planned due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea passport,commonly referred to as the North Korean passport,is the passport which may be issued to North Korean citizens for international travel. Since the majority of North Koreans do not get opportunities to leave the country,DPRK passports are rarely issued.
The Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents,also known as the Taiwan Compatriot Permit,is a type of travel document issued by the Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to Republic of China nationals (ROC) who hold household registration in Taiwan. The document is issued by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). Since the identity documents issued by the government of the Republic of China are not recognized in the PRC,the permit serves as both the main travel document and identity document for Taiwanese people in the PRC territory and is used on all occasions in lieu of a Taiwan passport.
Hawaii has been a notable destination for Korean immigration to the United States since the early 20th century.
Visitors to the mainland of the People's Republic of China must obtain a visa from one of the Chinese diplomatic missions unless they are citizens of one of the visa-exempt countries. The residents of Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan with Chinese nationality may stay in Mainland indefinitely as long as their travel documents are valid.
No Baek-rin was an Imperial Korean army officer and independence activist.
Media related to Passports of Korea at Wikimedia Commons
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