Kunda, Estonia

Last updated
Kunda
Town
Kunda, tovarna.jpg
Kunda, domy v centru.jpg
Kunda 1.jpg
Kunda hydroelectric station.jpg
Kunda, nova tovarna.jpg
From left to right, clockwise: A cement factory, apartment buildings, the ruins of an old cement factory, a pulp mill, a hydroelectric power plant
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Kunda
Location of Kunda in the Baltic Sea region
Estonia relief map (2005-2017).png
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Kunda
Location in Estonia
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Kunda
Location in Europe
Coordinates: 59°30′N26°32′E / 59.500°N 26.533°E / 59.500; 26.533
Country Estonia
County Lääne-Viru County
Municipality Viru-Nigula Parish
City statusMay 1, 1938
Area
  Total9.85 km2 (3.80 sq mi)
Population
 (2021) [1]
  Total2,865
  Rank 29th
  Density290/km2 (750/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+2 (EET)
  Summer (DST) UTC+3 (EEST)

Kunda is a town in the Viru-Nigula Parish of Estonia, located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Kunda is best known for its cement factory, port, and archaeological heritage. [2]

Contents

History

Evidence of some of the oldest prehistoric communities in Estonia—hunting, and fishing communities that existed around 6500 BC—were found near Kunda. This settlement gave the name to the Kunda culture.

The first written record of Kunda dates back to 1241, when it was mentioned as a village. In 1443 it was mentioned as a manor. [3]

Kunda was granted official borough rights on May 1, 1938.

Demographics

Ethnic composition 1922-2021
Ethnicity 1922 [4] 1934 [5] 1941 [6] 1959 [7] 1970 [8] 1979 [9] 1989 [9] 2000 [10] 2011 [11] 2021 [12]
amount%amount%amount%amount%amount%amount%amount%amount%amount%amount%
Estonians 210291.0172892.8143397.5276873.3340065.1294561.0251349.9228358.6217663.6204368.2
Russians 974.20774.13251.70--144227.6146830.4203740.4127832.8104130.480226.8
Ukrainians --00.00----1182.261342.781663.30--822.40551.84
Belarusians --------951.82921.91831.65--340.99260.87
Finns --90.4820.14--1021.951062.201042.06--371.08260.87
Jews 00.0000.0000.00--30.0620.0420.04--20.0600.00
Latvians --00.0010.07--20.04110.2340.08--50.1550.17
Germans 733.16331.77------40.0870.14--70.2030.10
Tatars --00.00------100.21130.26--10.0330.10
Poles --10.0500.00----140.29130.26--60.1850.17
Lithuanians --00.0000.00--80.1570.14140.28--110.3270.23
unknown10.0400.0030.2000.0000.0000.0000.00120.3110.0330.10
other371.60150.8150.34100826.7561.07350.72811.613268.36190.56210.70
Total2310100186310014691003776100522610048281005037100389910034221002997100.08

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

The former municipality of Kunda was twinned with:

Climate

Climate data for Kunda, Estonia (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1849–present)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)9.6
(49.3)
11.1
(52.0)
15.8
(60.4)
27.6
(81.7)
33.1
(91.6)
30.9
(87.6)
33.4
(92.1)
34.4
(93.9)
29.0
(84.2)
21.2
(70.2)
13.7
(56.7)
11.8
(53.2)
34.4
(93.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)−1
(30)
−1.2
(29.8)
2.6
(36.7)
8.8
(47.8)
14.7
(58.5)
18.9
(66.0)
21.8
(71.2)
20.9
(69.6)
16.1
(61.0)
9.5
(49.1)
4.0
(39.2)
0.9
(33.6)
9.7
(49.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)−3.3
(26.1)
−4.0
(24.8)
−0.8
(30.6)
4.4
(39.9)
9.8
(49.6)
14.4
(57.9)
17.5
(63.5)
16.5
(61.7)
12.2
(54.0)
6.7
(44.1)
1.9
(35.4)
−1.1
(30.0)
6.2
(43.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−5.7
(21.7)
−6.7
(19.9)
−4
(25)
0.8
(33.4)
5.3
(41.5)
10.1
(50.2)
13.2
(55.8)
12.4
(54.3)
8.6
(47.5)
4.0
(39.2)
−0.2
(31.6)
−3.2
(26.2)
2.9
(37.2)
Record low °C (°F)−33.1
(−27.6)
−34.9
(−30.8)
−27.7
(−17.9)
−19
(−2)
−5.3
(22.5)
−0.2
(31.6)
2.9
(37.2)
2.7
(36.9)
−3.4
(25.9)
−10.6
(12.9)
−19.7
(−3.5)
−34.9
(−30.8)
−34.9
(−30.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)38
(1.5)
29
(1.1)
27
(1.1)
29
(1.1)
41
(1.6)
68
(2.7)
61
(2.4)
76
(3.0)
54
(2.1)
61
(2.4)
52
(2.0)
38
(1.5)
573
(22.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)96776891111111110105
Average relative humidity (%)87858075727678808183868681
Source: Estonian Weather Service (precipitation days, 1971–2000) [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]

Notable people

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References

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