Lake Kawaupaka

Last updated

Lake Kawaupaka
A GLIMPSE OF KAWAUPAKU LAKE AT TE HENGA, WEST COAST, AUCKLAND, N.Z (cropped).jpg
Lake Kawaupaka in 1904
NZ-Auckland plain map.png
Disc Plain red.svg
Lake Kawaupaka
Location Auckland Region, North Island
Coordinates 36°53′40″S174°27′30″E / 36.89444°S 174.45833°E / -36.89444; 174.45833 Coordinates: 36°53′40″S174°27′30″E / 36.89444°S 174.45833°E / -36.89444; 174.45833
Basin  countries New Zealand
Max. length0.5 km (0.31 mi)
Max. width0.25 km (0.16 mi)

Lake Kawaupaka, also known as Lake Kawaupaku, is a small lake near Te Henga (Bethells Beach) in the Auckland Region of New Zealand. [1] The lake is on private land, [2] and is one of the few dune lakes in the region to be surrounded by native forest. [3] [4] It is located south-west of Lake Wainamu.

Contents

Geology

The lake was originally a river valley. 7,200 years ago at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, when sea-levels began to rise, Te Henga / Bethells Beach began to form, as sand dunes migrated into the river valley. When sand dunes formed a barrier, Lake Kawaupaka began to form as a freshwater lake. [5]

History

The lake is within the traditional rohe of Te Kawerau ā Maki, and was known as Roto Kawaupaku. [6] The name refers to the Little black cormorant (kawaupaka), who were seen as the guardians of the lake. [7] The lake was part of the greater Te Henga / Bethells Beach and Waitākere River area of settlements, with the localities of Tūrapa located on the north shore and, Pākōwhatu to the east of the lake. [6] Pākōwhatu was a pā that used Ngāti Awa fortification techniques, learnt from the Ngāti Awa people as they travelled south past the Waitākere Ranges area towards Kawhia Harbour and Taranaki. [6]

The lake remained mostly undisturbed during European colonisation. During the 19th century, flax was harvested from the lake, and pioneer John Neale Bethell planted an orchard on the lakeside. [8] The lake was purchase din 1979 by the Queen Elizabeth II National Trust, after which it was administered by the Auckland Regional Council as a nature reserve. [5]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waitakere City</span> Former territorial authority of New Zealand

Waitākere City was a territorial authority in West Auckland, New Zealand; it was governed by the Waitākere City Council from 1989 to 2010. It was New Zealand's fifth-largest city, with an annual growth of about 2%. In 2010 the council was amalgamated with the other authorities of the Auckland Region to form the current Auckland Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waitākere Ranges</span> Mountain range on the North Island of New Zealand

The Waitākere Ranges is a mountain range in New Zealand. Located in West Auckland between metropolitan Auckland and the Tasman Sea, the ranges and its foothills and coasts comprise some 27,720 hectares of public and private land. The area, traditionally known to Māori as Te Wao Nui o Tiriwa, is of local, regional, and national significance. The Waitākere Ranges includes a chain of hills in the Auckland Region, generally running approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) from north to south, 25 km west of central Auckland. The ranges are part of the Waitākere Ranges Regional Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muriwai</span> Beach community near Auckland, New Zealand

Muriwai, also called Muriwai Beach, is a coastal community on the west coast of the Auckland Region in the North Island of New Zealand. The black-sand surf beach and surrounding area is a popular recreational area for Aucklanders. The Muriwai Regional Park includes a nesting site for a large colony of gannets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karekare, New Zealand</span> Place in Auckland Region, New Zealand

Karekare is a small coastal settlement in West Auckland, New Zealand, sandwiched between the Waitākere Ranges and a large black sand surf beach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anawhata</span> Beach in Auckland, New Zealand

Anawhata is a beach on the coast of New Zealand west of Auckland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Te Henga / Bethells Beach</span> Place in Auckland, New Zealand

Te Henga, or Bethells Beach, is a coastal community in West Auckland, New Zealand. The Māori name for the area, "Te Henga", is in reference to the long foredunes which run along the beach and look like the Henga or gunwale of an upturned waka hull. This name originally applied to a wide area of the lower Waitakere River valley, but during the early 1900s the area became popular with visiting European immigrants who began to refer to the area as "Bethells Beach" after the Bethell Family who live there and still own much of the area. In 1976 the New Zealand Geographic Board officially named the area "Te Henga ".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pakiri</span> Place in Auckland Region, New Zealand

Pakiri is a locality in Auckland, in the former Rodney District of New Zealand. Leigh is about 9 kilometres (6 mi) to the south-east. The Pakiri River flows through the area and into the Hauraki Gulf to the north-east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waitākere Reservoir</span> Body of water

Waitākere Reservoir is a reservoir on the Waitakere River in the Waitākere Ranges, west of Auckland in New Zealand. The dam was completed in 1910 and is a concrete gravity dam with a slight curvature. It has a lake area of 25.1 hectares and a capacity of 1.76 million cubic metres. The dam is accessible from the Montana Heritage Trail, a bush hike in the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Te Kawerau ā Maki</span> Māori iwi in New Zealand

Te Kawerau ā Maki, Te Kawerau a Maki, or Te Kawerau-a-Maki is a Māori iwi (tribe) of the Auckland Region of New Zealand. It had 251 registered adult members as of June 2017. Auckland Council gave it land for a marae at Te Henga in 2018; it has no wharenui yet.

Lake Wainamu is a small lake near Te Henga in the Auckland Region of New Zealand. It is located south-west of Lake Kawaupaka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waitākere River</span> River in New Zealand

The Waitākere River is a river of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows north then west from its sources in the Waitākere Ranges, reaching the Tasman Sea at Te Henga / Bethells Beach, to the south of Muriwai Beach. The upper reaches of the river are dammed to form the Waitākere Reservoir. The Waitākere Falls, just below the dam, are 95 metres (312 ft) high and the third highest waterfall in the North Island.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Te Tātua a Riukiuta</span> Scoria cone in Auckland, New Zealand

Te Tātua a Riukiuta / Big King is a volcano and Tūpuna Maunga in Three Kings, New Zealand that erupted 28,500 years ago. The volcano had three prominent peaks known as Three Kings and a number of smaller peaks until most of them were quarried away, leaving a sole remaining large peak known as Big King.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Auckland, New Zealand</span> Region of Auckland, New Zealand

West Auckland is one of the major geographical areas of Auckland, the largest city in New Zealand. Much of the area is dominated by the Waitākere Ranges, the eastern slopes of the Miocene era Waitākere volcano which was upraised from the ocean floor, and one of the largest regional parks in New Zealand. The metropolitan area of West Auckland developed on the lands between the Waitākere Ranges to the west and the upper reaches of the Waitematā Harbour to the east, in areas such as Massey, Henderson, New Lynn and Glen Eden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Big Muddy Creek (New Zealand)</span> River in New Zealand

The Big Muddy Creek is an estuarine tidal inlet of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows south from its tributary rivers, the Nihotupu Stream and the Island stream in the Waitākere Ranges which are dammed at the Lower Nihotupu Reservoir, towards the Manukau Harbour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swanson Stream</span> River in New Zealand

The Swanson Stream is a stream of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows north-east from its source the Waitākere Ranges through rural West Auckland towards the suburb of Swanson, before joining the Momutu Stream, which exits into Te Wai-o-Pareira / Henderson Creek and the western the Waitematā Harbour. Since the mid-2000s has been forested with native flora.

Ngā Oho, also known as Ngā Ohomatakamokamo-o-Ohomairangi, is the name of a historical iwi (tribe) of Māori who settled in the Auckland Region. In the 17th century, Ngā Oho and two other tribes of shared heritage, Ngā Riki and Ngā Iwi, formed the Waiohua confederation of tribes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kakamatua Inlet</span> Body of water

The Kakamatua Inlet is an inlet of the Manukau Harbour of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">O'Neill Bay</span> Body of water

O'Neill Bay is a bay on the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located north of Te Henga / Bethells Beach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paorae</span>

Paorae is the name of a migrating coastal dune, formerly located west of the Āwhitu Peninsula in the Auckland Region of New Zealand. Paorae was an important area for cultivating kūmara and taro for Tāmaki Māori tribes Ngāiwi and Ngāoho, and later Waikato Tainui. The land eroded in the 18th century, becoming known as a legendary "Māori Atlantis" to European New Zealanders. Material from Paorae forms the Manukau Heads sandbars and the modern day beach at Whatipu, which began forming in the 1930s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Goldie Bush Scenic Reserve</span> Forest in Auckland Region, New Zealand

The Goldie Bush Scenic Reserve, also known as Goldies Bush and Te Taiapa, is a forested area of West Auckland, New Zealand. Located south-east of Muriwai, the reserve is home to the Mokoroa Falls.

References

  1. ↑ Gregory's Auckland & Surrounds Street Directory (3rd ed.). 2008. p. map 165. ISBN   978-0-7319-2048-8.
  2. ↑ "Fishing helps clear the murky depths at Lake Wainamu". Auckland Regional Council. 26 March 2007. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
  3. ↑ "Schedule 1: Wetland Management Areas" (PDF). Proposed Auckland Regional Plan: Air, Land and Water Plan. July 2005. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
  4. ↑ TKITA-2013-0062 CULTURAL VALUES ASSESSMENT FOR BETHELLS / TE HENGA / WAITAKERE VALLEY LOCAL AREA PLAN Prepared by Edward Ashby Heritage and Environment Unit Te Kawerau Iwi Tribal Authority
  5. 1 2 Cameron, Ewen; Hayward, Bruce; Murdoch, Graeme (2008). A Field Guide to Auckland: Exploring the Region's Natural and Historical Heritage (Revised ed.). Random House New Zealand. p. 162. ISBN   978-1-86962-1513.
  6. 1 2 3 Murdoch, Graeme (1990). "Nga Tohu o Waitakere: the Maori Place Names of the Waitakere River Valley and its Environs; their Background History and an Explanation of their Meaning". In Northcote-Bade, James (ed.). West Auckland Remembers, Volume 1. West Auckland Historical Society. pp. 13, 17, 22. ISBN   0-473-00983-8.
  7. ↑ "Lake Kawaupaka". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
  8. ↑ Waitākere Ranges Local Board (October 2015). "Local Area Plan: Te Henga (Bethells Beach) and the Waitākere River Valley. Waitākere Ranges Heritage Area" (PDF). Auckland Council. ISBN   978-0-908320-17-2 . Retrieved 15 May 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.