Nasir al-Din Muhammad ) commonly known by his regnal name Humayun, was the second Mughal emperor, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Northern India, and Pakistan from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to his death in 1556. At the time of his death, the Mughal Empire spanned almost one million square kilometers.
Multan is a city in Punjab, Pakistan, located on the bank of river Chenab. It is the seventh largest city in Pakistan and serves as administrative capital of its namesake division. A major cultural, religious and economic centre of Punjab region, Multan is one of the oldest inhabited cities of Asia, with a history stretching deep into antiquity.
The History of Punjab refers to the past history of Punjab region which is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in the northwest of South Asia, comprising eastern Punjab province in Pakistan and western Punjab state in India. It is believed that the earliest evidence of human habitation in Punjab traces to the Soan valley of the Pothohar, between the Indus and the Jhelum rivers, where Soanian culture developed between 774,000 BC and 11,700 BC. This period goes back to the first interglacial period in the second Ice Age, from which remnants of stone and flint tools have been found.
Uch, frequently referred to as Uch Sharīf, is a historic city in the southern part of Pakistan's Punjab province. Uch may have been founded as Alexandria on the Indus, a town founded by Alexander the Great during his invasion of the Indus Valley. Uch was an early stronghold of the Delhi Sultanate during the Muslim conquest of the subcontinent. It is also known as the home for the Naqvi/Bukhari's after the migration from Bukhara. Uch was a regional metropolitan centre between the 12th and 17th centuries, and became refuge for Muslim religious scholars fleeing persecution from other lands. Though Uch is now a relatively small city, it is renowned for its intact historic urban fabric, and for its collection of shrines dedicated to Muslim mystics (Sufis) from the 12th-15th centuries that are embellished with extensive tile work, and were built in the distinct architectural style of southern Punjab.
The Sur Empire was an empire ruled by the Afghan-origin Sur dynasty in northern India for nearly 16 or 18 years, between 1538/1540 and 1556, with Sasaram serving as its capital. It was founded by Sher Shah Suri.
Muslim Rajputs or Musalman Rajpoots are the descendants of Rajputs in the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent who generally are followers of Islam. Reportedly, they converted from Hinduism to Islam from the medieval period onwards, creating various dynasties and states while retaining Hindu surnames such as Chauhan. Today, Muslim Rajputs can be found mostly in present-day Northern India and Pakistan. They are further divided into different clans.
Soomro, Soomra,Sumrah or Sumra is a tribe having a local origin in Sindh. They are found in Sindh, parts of Punjab especially bordering Sindh, Balochistan province, and the Kutch district of the Indian state of Gujarat and also Rajasthan. The Soomras ruled throughout the Sindh and Multan regions.
The Samma dynasty was a medieval Sindhi dynasty which ruled the Sindh Sultanate from 1351 before being replaced by the Arghun dynasty in 1524.
The Arghun dynasty ruled over the area adjoining Southern Afghanistan and then the Sindh Sultanate from the late 15th century to the early 16th century. Arghun rule can be divided into two branches: the Arghun branch of Dhu'l-Nun Beg Arghun that ruled until 1554, and the Tarkhan branch of Muhammad Isa Tarkhan that ruled until 1593.
The Sial or Siyal is a Punjabi Jāt(Jatts) clan found in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, split between India and Pakistan.
Samma is a community called Sammat and a tribe that has origins in Sindh. The Samma are spread across Pakistan and North-West India. The Sandhai Muslims are Samma who converted to Islam. Offshoots of the main branch of Samma include the Jadejas and Chudasamas of India.
Multan, the 4th largest city of Pakistan, in Punjab province is one of the oldest inhabited cities in South Asia, though its exact age has yet to be determined. Multan is known for its rich ancient heritage and historic landmarks. Multan remained the capital and largest city of Punjab region in late ancient and most of the medieval era. Multan region was centre of many civilizations throughout its history, and witnessed warfare across millennia because of its location on a major invasion route between South and Central Asia. Multan reached the height of its splendour during the Arab rule of 9th and 10th century when it was made a separate state, the Emirate of Multan, as it controlled large parts of Punjab and Kashmir. It is famous for its Sufi shrines. Multan province was one of the largest and first-established provinces of the Mughal Empire.
Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, popularly known as Akbar the Great, and also as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in the Indian subcontinent.
Shah Inayatullah, popularly known as Sufi Shah Inayat Shaheed, Shah Shaheed or Shah Inayat of Jhok, was a 17th-century Sindhi Sufi saint and revolutionary from Jhok. He was the first socialist and agricultural reformist of Sindh.
Mian Yar Muhammad Kalhoro was the subahdar of parts of Sindh, which he governed between 1701 and 1719. He was the first governor of the Kalhora dynasty and ruled for 18 years. In the initial nine years of his reign, Yar Muhammad expanded the territory under his dominion. The latter part of his rule was dedicated to solidifying his authority. He was given the title of Nawab by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
Haibat Khan Niazi was an Afghan noble and military leader in the Sur Empire. He was the most powerful noble of Sher Shah Suri and Commander of the Niazi contingent of his army. He is best known for bringing law and order in Multan by destroying the power of Balochs and Fetah Khan Jat dominated the entire South Punjab. Sher Shah Suri granted him the title of Azam Hamayun and appointed him governor of the Punjab.
Punjabi Muslims are adherents of Islam who identify ethnically, linguistically, culturally, and genealogically as Punjabis. With a population of more than 109 million, they are the largest ethnic group in Pakistan and the world's third-largest Islam-adhering ethnicity after Arabs and Bengalis. The majority of Punjabi Muslims are adherents of Sunni Islam, while a minority adhere to Shia Islam. They are primarily geographically native to the Punjab province of Pakistan, but many have ancestry from the Punjab region as a whole.
The Sibi Fort is situated in Sibi city of Balochistan Province, Pakistan.
The Subah of Lahore was a province of the Mughal Empire encompassing the central Punjab region, now divided between Pakistan and India. It was created as one of the original 12 Subahs of the Mughal Empire under the administrative reforms carried by emperor Akbar in 1580. The province ceased to exist after the death of its last viceroy, Adina Beg in 1758, with large parts being incorporated into Durrani Empire.
The Langah Sultanate, also known as the Sultanate of Multan, was a late-medieval kingdom established and ruled by the Langāh clan in South Punjab from 1445 to 1526. Their capital was the city of Multan.
Islam 
Pakistan