Genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.
The glaucophytes, also known as glaucocystophytes or glaucocystids, are a small group of freshwater unicellular algae, less common today than they were during the Proterozoic. Only 15 species have been described, but more species are likely to exist. Together with the red algae (Rhodophyta) and the green algae plus land plants, they form the Archaeplastida. However, the relationships among the red algae, green algae and glaucophytes are unclear, in large part due to limited study of the glaucophytes.
Myrtaceae or the myrtle family is a family of dicotyledonous plants placed within the order Myrtales. Myrtle, pohutukawa, bay rum tree, clove, guava, acca (feijoa), allspice, and eucalyptus are some notable members of this group. All species are woody, contain essential oils, and have flower parts in multiples of four or five. The leaves are evergreen, alternate to mostly opposite, simple, and usually entire. The flowers have a base number of five petals, though in several genera the petals are minute or absent. The stamens are usually very conspicuous, brightly coloured and numerous.
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon.
A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and, if it concerns a plant cultigen, the additional cultivar or Group epithets must conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). The code of nomenclature covers "all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups ."
The Phytomyxea are a class of parasites of plants. They are divided into the orders Plasmodiophorida and Phagomyxida. A more common name for them is the plasmodiophorids, but this does not always include Phagomyxa.
Luma apiculata, the Chilean myrtle or temu, is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, native to the central Andes between Chile and Argentina, at 33 to 45° south latitude. Growing to 10–15 m (33–49 ft) tall and wide, it is a vigorous, bushy, evergreen tree with fragrant flowers.
Calyptranthes is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. They are known commonly as lidflowers, spicewoods, and mountainbays. There are about 100 species.
Campomanesia is a genus in the family Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1794. It is native to South America and Trinidad.
Myrcia is a genus of the flowering plant family Myrtaceae described as a genus with this name in 1827. As of 2015 it contains about 770 species. They are distributed in Central and South America, Mexico, and the West Indies.
Amomyrtella is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1956. It is native to South America, where it is distributed from Ecuador to Argentina.
- Amomyrtella guili(Speg.) Kausel, Ark. - S Bolivia, NW Argentina
- Amomyrtella irregularis(McVaugh) Landrum & Morocho - Loja Province in Ecuador
Amomyrtus is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1948. It is native to temperate southern South America, where it is distributed in Chile and Argentina.
The mountain viscacha rat or mountain vizcacha rat, historically viscacha rat or vizcacha rat, is a species of rodent in the family Octodontidae. It is endemic to Argentina.
Blepharocalyx is a genus of plant in family Myrtaceae first described as a genus in 1854. It is native to South America and the West Indies.
- Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii(Hook. & Arn.) Nied. - Chile
- Blepharocalyx eggersii(Kiaerskou) L.R.Landrum - Lesser Antilles, Venezuela, Guyana, Peru, Brazil
- Blepharocalyx myriophyllus Mattos - Minas Gerais
- Blepharocalyx salicifolius(Kunth.) O.Berg - Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, N Argentina
In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain, etc.
The San Ramón is a Chilean geological fault, located in eastern Santiago Metropolitan Region, passing through the eastern part of Santiago marking the boundary between the Chilean Central Valley and the Andes. As an active thrust fault it constitutes a seismic hazard zone for the densely populated Santiago. A large number of homes and educational centers have been built on or near the fault, along with a gas plant in Peñalolén. The Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission has a reactor in La Reina, very close to the fault, which has raised concerns among the population. It runs 5 kilometers underground and extends for 25 kilometers in a north-south direction, lying between the Mapocho River and Maipo River. It's known to pass underneath the communes of Vitacura, Las Condes, La Reina, Peñalolén, La Florida and Puente Alto, and suspected to continue into Lo Barnechea and Pirque at its extremes. Due to its shallowness, it can cause very destructive superficial earthquakes with a magnitude around 7 on the Richter scale, with a general recurrence period of over 300 years.
Hexachlamys is a genus of plant in the family Myrtaceae from Brazil to northern Argentina.
Pseudanamomis is a group of plants in the Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1956. There is only one known species, Pseudanamomis umbellulifera, native to the Dominican Republic, Trinidad, and northern South America.
Myrteae is the largest tribe in the plant family Myrtaceae. It includes most of the species of the family that have fleshy fruits.
Escallonia rubra, called redclaws and red escallonia, is a species in the family Escalloniaceae which is native to southern Chile and neighboring areas of Argentina. Cultivated as a garden and hedging plant, it has become naturalized in western Europe, Oregon in the United States, and New Zealand, and is considered invasive in places. It is grown in many other areas, such as Australia. Its cultivar 'Crimson Spire' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
