Linoleate isomerase

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linoleate isomerase
Identifiers
EC no. 5.2.1.5
CAS no. 37318-41-5
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In enzymology, a linoleate isomerase (EC 5.2.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

9-cis,12-cis-octadecadienoate 9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 9-cis,12-cis-octadecadienoate, and one product, 9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically cis-trans isomerases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is linoleate Delta12-cis-Delta11-trans-isomerase. This enzyme is also called linoleic acid isomerase. This enzyme participates in linoleic acid metabolism.

Related Research Articles

Isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Enoyl CoA isomerase</span>

Enoyl-CoA-(∆) isomerase (EC 5.3.3.8, also known as dodecenoyl-CoA- isomerase, 3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase, ∆3 ,∆2 -enoyl-CoA isomerase, or acetylene-allene isomerase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cis- or trans-double bonds of coenzyme A bound fatty acids at gamma-carbon to trans double bonds at beta-carbon as below:

Linoleic acid (LA) is an organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH
2
)
7
CH=CHCH
2
CH=CH(CH
2
)
4
CH
3
. Both alkene groups are cis. It is a fatty acid sometimes denoted 18:2 (n-6) or 18:2 cis-9,12. A linoleate is a salt or ester of this acid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Conjugated linoleic acid</span>

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are a family of isomers of linoleic acid. In principle, 28 isomers are possible. CLA is found mostly in the meat and dairy products derived from ruminants. The two C=C double bonds are conjugated. CLAs can be either cis-fats or trans-fats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lipoxygenase</span>

Lipoxygenases are a family of (non-heme) iron-containing enzymes most of which catalyze the dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4- pentadiene into cell signaling agents that serve diverse roles as autocrine signals that regulate the function of their parent cells, paracrine signals that regulate the function of nearby cells, and endocrine signals that regulate the function of distant cells.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prolyl isomerase</span> Enzyme

Prolyl isomerase is an enzyme found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes that interconverts the cis and trans isomers of peptide bonds with the amino acid proline. Proline has an unusually conformationally restrained peptide bond due to its cyclic structure with its side chain bonded to its secondary amine nitrogen. Most amino acids have a strong energetic preference for the trans peptide bond conformation due to steric hindrance, but proline's unusual structure stabilizes the cis form so that both isomers are populated under biologically relevant conditions. Proteins with prolyl isomerase activity include cyclophilin, FKBPs, and parvulin, although larger proteins can also contain prolyl isomerase domains.

Calendic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid, named for the pot marigold, from which it is obtained. It is chemically similar to the conjugated linoleic acids; laboratory work suggests it may have similar in vitro bioactivities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase</span> Class of enzymes

2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase also known as DECR1 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the DECR1 gene which resides on chromosome 8. This enzyme catalyzes the following reactions

In enzymology, a linoleoyl-CoA desaturase (also Delta 6 desaturase, EC 1.14.19.3) is an enzyme that converts between types of fatty acids, which are essential nutrients in the human body. The enzyme mainly catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a linoleate 11-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.45) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a linoleate diol synthase (EC 1.13.11.44) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maleate isomerase</span>

In enzymology, a maleate isomerase, or maleate cis-tran isomerase, is a member of the Asp/Glu racemase superfamily discovered in bacteria. It is responsible for catalyzing cis-trans isomerization of the C2-C3 double bond in maleate to produce fumarate, which is a critical intermediate in citric acid cycle. The presence of an exogenous mercaptan is required for catalysis to happen.

In enzymology, a polyenoic fatty acid isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a vinylacetyl-CoA Delta-isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The enzyme hydroperoxide dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.92) catalyzes the chemical reaction

Linoleate 8R-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.60, linoleic acid 8R-dioxygenase, 5,8-LDS (bifunctional enzyme), 7,8-LDS (bifunctional enzyme), 5,8-linoleate diol synthase (bifunctional enzyme), 7,8-linoleate diol synthase (bifunctional enzyme), PpoA) is an enzyme with systematic name linoleate:oxygen (8R)-oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

5,8-linoleate diol synthase may refer to:

Linoleate 10R-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.62, 10R-DOX, (10R)-dioxygenase, 10R-dioxygenase) is an enzyme with systematic name linoleate:oxygen (10R)-oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

9,12-octadecadienoate 8-hydroperoxide 8R-isomerase is an enzyme with systematic name (8R,9Z,12Z)-8-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate hydroxymutase ( -5,8-dihydroxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

9,12-octadecadienoate 8-hydroperoxide 8S-isomerase is an enzyme with systematic name (8R,9Z,12Z)-8-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate hydroxymutase ( -7,8-dihydroxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

References