Reservations and Pueblos
This is a list of Indian reservations and Pueblos in the U.S. state of New Mexico.
This is a list of Indian reservations and Pueblos in the U.S. state of New Mexico.
| Official Name | Ethnicity | Endonym | Pop. (2010) [1] | Area (Acres) [2] | County(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acoma Pueblo | Keres | Áakʼu | 3,011 | 378,262 | Cibola, Socorro, Catron | Includes the Acoma Pueblo. |
| Cochiti Pueblo | Keres | Kotyit | 1,727 | 50,681 | Sandoval | |
| Fort Sill Apache Reservation | Apache | — | 650 | 30 | Luna | Tribal jurisdiction area in Oklahoma but won rights to reservation in New Mexico in 2011. Members are from the Chiricahua. |
| Pueblo of Isleta | Tiwa | Shiewhibak | 3,400 | 301,102 | Bernalillo | |
| Jemez Pueblo | Jemez | Walatowa | 1,815 | 89,619 | Sandoval | |
| Jicarilla Apache Nation | Apache | Dinde | 3,254 | 879,917 | Rio Arriba | |
| Santo Domingo (Kewa) Pueblo | Keres | Kewa / Díiwʾi | 3,255 | — | Sandoval | |
| Laguna Pueblo | Keres | Kawaika | 4,043 | 495,442 | Bernalillo, Cibola, Sandoval, Valencia | |
| Mescalero Apache Reservation | Apache | Naa'dahéõdé | 3,613 | 460,769 | Lincoln, Otero | |
| Nambe Pueblo | Tewa | Nambé Oweengé | 1,611 | 19,093 | Santa Fe | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Navajo Nation | Navajo | Diné | 65,764 | — | Bernalillo, Cibola, McKinley San Juan, Socorro | Includes Alamo, Ramah and Tohajiilee Reservations. Main reservation extends into Arizona (Apache, Coconino, Navajo) and Utah (San Juan) |
| Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo | Tewa | Ohkwee Ówîngeh | 6,309 | 12,236 | Rio Arriba | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Picuris Pueblo | Tiwa | P'įwweltha | 1,886 | 15,034 | Taos | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Pojoaque Pueblo | Tewa | Pʼohsųwæ̨geh Ówîngeh | 3,316 | 12,004 | Santa Fe | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Sandia Pueblo | Tiwa | Tuf Shur Tia | 4,965 | 22,890 | Bernalillo, Sandoval | |
| San Felipe Pueblo | Keres | Katishtya | 3,536 | 48,929 | Sandoval | |
| San Ildefonso Pueblo | Tewa | Pʼohwhogeh Ówîngeh | 1,752 | 28,179 | Santa Fe | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Santa Ana Pueblo | Keres | Tamaya | 621 | — | Sandoval | |
| Santa Clara Pueblo | Tewa | Khaʼpʼoe Ówîngeh | 11,021 | 53,437 | Rio Arriba, Sandoval, Santa Fe | Includes the Santa Clara Pueblo, one of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Taos Pueblo | Tiwa | Tə̂otho | 4,384 | 96,106 | Taos | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Tesuque Pueblo | Tewa | Tetsʼúgéh Ówîngeh | 841 | — | Santa Fe | One of the Eight Northern Pueblos. |
| Tortugas Pueblo | Piro/Manso/Tiwa | — | — | — | Doña Ana | Not a federally recognized reservation but is a pueblo built on land given to the Piro/Manso/Tiwa tribe in 1852. |
| Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation around 2,000 population | Ute | Wʉgama Núuchi | — | — | San Juan | Reservation is primarily located in Colorado (La Plata, Montezuma). |
| Zia Pueblo | Zia | Tsi'ya | 737 | 121,613 | Sandoval | |
| Zuni Indian Reservation | Zuni | A:shiwi | 7,891 | 588,093 | Catron, Cibola, McKinley | Includes the Zuni Pueblo. with portions extending into eastern Arizona. |
The Puebloans, or Pueblo peoples, are Native Americans in the Southwestern United States who share common agricultural, material, and religious practices. Among the currently inhabited Pueblos, Taos, San Ildefonso, Acoma, Zuni, and Hopi are some of the most commonly known. Pueblo people speak languages from four different language families, and each Pueblo is further divided culturally by kinship systems and agricultural practices, although all cultivate varieties of corn (maize).
Ganado is a chapter of the Navajo Nation and census-designated place (CDP) in Apache County, Arizona, United States. The population was 883 at the 2020 census, reduced from 1,210 at the 2010 census.
Pueblo refers to the settlements and to the Native American tribes of the Pueblo peoples in the Southwestern United States, currently in New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas. The permanent communities, including some of the oldest continually occupied settlements in the United States, are called pueblos (lowercased).
Mesa Verde National Park is an American national park and UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Montezuma County, Colorado, and the only World Heritage Site in Colorado. The park protects some of the best-preserved Ancestral Puebloan ancestral sites in the United States.
A kiva is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" means a large room that is circular and underground, and used for spiritual ceremonies.
Indigenous peoples of Arizona are the Native American people who currently live or have historically lived in what is now the state of Arizona. There are 22 federally recognized tribes in Arizona, including 17 with reservations that lie entirely within its borders. Reservations make up over a quarter of the state's land area. Arizona has the third largest Native American population of any U.S. state.
Jicarilla Apache, one of several loosely organized autonomous bands of the Eastern Apache, refers to the members of the Jicarilla Apache Nation currently living in New Mexico and speaking a Southern Athabaskan language. The term jicarilla comes from Mexican Spanish meaning "little basket", referring to the small sealed baskets they used as drinking vessels. To neighboring Apache bands, such as the Mescalero and Lipan, they were known as Kinya-Inde.
Canyon de Chelly National Monument was established on April 1, 1931, as a unit of the National Park Service. Located in northeastern Arizona, it is within the boundaries of the Navajo Nation and lies in the Four Corners region. Reflecting one of the longest continuously inhabited landscapes of North America, it preserves ruins of the indigenous tribes that lived in the area, from the Ancestral Puebloans to the Navajo. The monument covers 83,840 acres and encompasses the floors and rims of the three major canyons: de Chelly, del Muerto, and Monument. These canyons were cut by streams with headwaters in the Chuska Mountains just to the east of the monument. None of the land is federally owned. Canyon de Chelly is one of the most visited national monuments in the United States.
The Puye Cliff Dwellings are the ruins of an abandoned pueblo, located in Santa Clara Canyon on Santa Clara Pueblo Reservation land near Española, New Mexico. Established in the late 1200s or early 1300s and abandoned by about 1600, this is among the largest of the prehistoric Indian settlements on the Pajarito Plateau, showing a variety of architectural forms and building techniques.
Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site is a historic site on Highway 191, north of Chambers, with an exhibit center in Ganado, Arizona. It is considered a meeting ground of two cultures between the Navajo and the settlers who came to the area to trade.
Ute are the indigenous, or Native American people, of the Ute tribe and culture among the Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin. They had lived in sovereignty in the regions of present-day Utah and Colorado.
New Mexico's 3rd congressional district serves the northern half of New Mexico, including the state's Capital, Santa Fe. The district has a significant Native American presence, encompassing most of the New Mexico portion of the Navajo Nation, situated in the northwest corner of the state, and most of the Puebloan peoples reservations. The current Representative is Democrat Teresa Leger Fernandez.
The Zia or Tsʾíiyʾamʾé are an indigenous nation centered at Zia Pueblo (Tsi'ya), a Native American reservation in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The Zia are known for their pottery and use of the sun symbol. They are one of the Keres Pueblo peoples and speak the Eastern Keres language.
The Ute Mountain Ute Tribe is one of three federally recognized tribes of the Ute Nation, and are mostly descendants of the historic Weeminuche Band who moved to the Southern Ute reservation in 1897. Their reservation is headquartered at Towaoc, Colorado on the Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation in southwestern Colorado, northwestern New Mexico and small sections of Utah.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument is a national monument protecting an archaeologically significant landscape located in the southwestern region of the U.S. state of Colorado. The monument's 176,056 acres (712.47 km2) are managed by the Bureau of Land Management, as directed in the presidential proclamation which created the site on June 9, 2000. Canyons of the Ancients National Monument is part of the National Landscape Conservation System, better known as the National Conservation Lands. This system comprises 32,000,000 acres (130,000 km2) managed by the Bureau of Land Management to conserve, protect, and restore these nationally significant landscapes recognized for their outstanding cultural, ecological, and scientific values. Canyons of the Ancients encompasses and surrounds three of the four separate sections of Hovenweep National Monument, which is administered by the National Park Service. The monument was proclaimed in order to preserve the largest concentration of archaeological sites in the United States, primarily Ancestral Puebloan ruins. As of 2022, over 8,500 individual archeological sites had been documented within the monument.
The Rio Puerco is a tributary of the Rio Grande in the U.S. state of New Mexico. From its source on the west side of the Nacimiento Mountains, it flows about 230 miles (370 km), generally south to join the Rio Grande about 20 miles (32 km) south of Belen and about 50 miles (80 km) south of Albuquerque. Its drainage basin is about 7,350 square miles (19,000 km2) large, of which probably about 1,130 square miles (2,900 km2) are noncontributing.
The Trail of the Ancients is a collection of National Scenic Byways located in the U.S. Four Corners states of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. These byways comprise:
The Pueblo IV Period was the fourth period of ancient pueblo life in the American Southwest. At the end of prior Pueblo III Period, Ancestral Puebloans living in the Colorado and Utah regions abandoned their settlements and migrated south to the Pecos River and Rio Grande valleys. As a result, pueblos in those areas saw a significant increase in total population.
The Pueblo V Period is the final period of ancestral puebloan culture in the American Southwest, or Oasisamerica, and includes the contemporary Pueblo peoples. From the previous Pueblo IV Period, all 19 of the Rio Grande valley pueblos remain in the contemporary period. The only remaining pueblo in Texas is Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, and the only remaining pueblos in Arizona are maintained by the Hopi Tribe. The rest of the Pueblo IV pueblos were abandoned by the 19th century.
The Ancestral Puebloans, also known as the Anasazi, were an ancient Native American culture that spanned the present-day Four Corners region of the United States, comprising southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado. They are believed to have developed, at least in part, from the Oshara tradition, which developed from the Picosa culture. The people and their archaeological culture are often referred to as Anasazi, meaning "ancient enemies", as they were called by Navajo. Contemporary Puebloans object to the use of this term, with some viewing it as derogatory.
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