List of Israeli settlements

This is a list of Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. Israel had previously established settlements in both the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula; however, the Gaza settlements were dismantled in the Israeli disengagement from Gaza in 2005, and the Sinai settlements were evacuated with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty and the return of the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. This list does not include West Bank settlements that were dismantled or Israeli outposts.

Israel in effect annexed East Jerusalem with the Jerusalem Law and considers settlements in the expanded boundaries of East Jerusalem to be neighborhoods of Jerusalem and not settlements. The United Nations Security Council ruled that act "null and void" in United Nations Security Council Resolution 478, and the international community considers East Jerusalem to continue to be held under Israeli occupation.

Israel in effect annexed the Golan Heights with the Golan Heights Law and does not consider the localities established there to be settlements. The United Nations Security Council ruled that act "null and void" in United Nations Security Council Resolution 497 and the international community continues to view the Golan Heights to be Syrian territory held under Israeli occupation.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories illegal under international law, violating the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population to or from occupied territory, though Israel disputes this. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}

West Bank

For a more comprehensive list, see Population statistics for Israeli settlements in the West Bank.

Further information: Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Israeli law in the West Bank settlements

City settlements in the West Bank

Four settlements have been given city status. Their combined population is over 210,000, representing around half of the West Bank settler population outside of East Jerusalem.

Name	Hebrew	Image map	Population (2022) [7]	Est. [7]	Council
Ariel	אריאל		20,520	1978	Shomron
Beitar Illit	ביתר עילית		64,016	1985	Gush Etzion
Ma'ale Adumim	מעלה אדומים		38,046	1975	Gush Etzion
Modi'in Illit	מודיעין עילית		83,356	1996	Mateh Binyamin

Other settlements in the West Bank, excluding East Jerusalem

Name	Hebrew	Population (2022) [7]	Est. [7]	Council
Adora (Adura)	אדורה	515	1984	Har Hebron
Alei Zahav	עלי זהב	4,647	1982	Shomron
Alfei Menashe	אלפי מנשה	7,975	1983	Shomron
Almog	אלמוג	236	1977	Megilot
Almon	עלמון	1,467	1982	Mateh Binyamin
Alon	אלון	1,031	1990	Mateh Binyamin
Alon Shvut	אלון שבות	3,046	1970	Gush Etzion
Amihai	עמיחי	209	2018	Mateh Binyamin
Argaman	ארגמן	131	1968	Bik'at HaYarden
Asfar (Metzad)	מיצד	1,228	1983	Gush Etzion
Ateret	עטרת	891	1981	Mateh Binyamin
Avnat (Ovnat)	אבנת	249	1983	Megilot
Avnei Hefetz	אבני חפץ	2,363	1990	Shomron
Barkan	ברקן	2,040	1981	Shomron
Bat Ayin	בת עין	1,730	1989	Gush Etzion
Beit Aryeh-Ofarim	בית אריה	5,517	1981	Shomron
Beit El	בית אל	6,108	1977	Mateh Binyamin
Beit HaArava	בית הערבה	508	1980	Megilot
Beit Horon	בית חורון	1,442	1977	Mateh Binyamin
Beit Yatir (Metzadot Yehuda)	בית יתיר	696	1983	Har Hebron
Beka'ot (Bqa'ot)	בקעות	187	1972	Bik'at HaYarden
Brukhin	ברוכין	2,412	2012	Shomron
Carmel	כרמל	465	1981	Har Hebron
Dolev	דולב	1,613	1983	Mateh Binyamin
Efrat (Efrata)	אפרת	11,853	1980	Gush Etzion
Elazar	אלעזר	2,615	1975	Gush Etzion
Eli	עלי	4,701	1984	Mateh Binyamin
Elkana	אלקנה	4,301	1977	Shomron
Elon Moreh	אלון מורה	2,105	1979	Shomron
Einav (Enav)	ענב	1,062	1981	Shomron
Eshkolot	אשכולות	623	1982	Har Hebron
Etz Efraim	עץ אפרים		1985	Shomron
Ganei Modi'in	גני מודיעין	2,603	1985	Mateh Binyamin
Geva Binyamin	גבע בנימין	5,913	1984	Mateh Binyamin
Gilgal	גלגל	229	1970	Bik'at HaYarden
Gitit	גיתית	502	1973	Bik'at HaYarden
Giv'at Ze'ev	גבעת זאב	21,097	1983	Mateh Binyamin
Giv'on HaHadasha	גבעון החדשה	996	1980	Mateh Binyamin
Haggai (Beit Hagai)	בית חגי	725	1984	Har Hebron
Halamish	חלמיש	1,485	1977	Mateh Binyamin
Hamra	חמרה	224	1971	Bik'at HaYarden
Har Adar	הר אדר	4,065	1986	Mateh Binyamin
Har Brakha	הר ברכה	3,165	1983	Shomron
Har Gilo	הר גילה	1,655	1972	Gush Etzion
Hashmonaim	חשמונאים	2,589	1985	Mateh Binyamin
Hemdat	חמדת	361	1980	Bik'at HaYarden
Hermesh	חרמש	245	1982	Shomron
Hinanit	חיננית	1,659	1981	Shomron
Immanuel	עמנואל	4,656	1983	Shomron
Itamar	איתמר	1,470	1984	Shomron
Kalya	קלי"ה	490	1968	Megilot
Karmei Tzur	כרמי צור	980	1984	Gush Etzion
Karnei Shomron	קרני שומרון	9,920	1978	Shomron
Kedar (Keidar)	קדר	1,649	1985	Gush Etzion
Kedumim	קדומים	4,548	1977	Shomron
Kfar Adumim	כפר אדומים	4,957	1979	Mateh Binyamin
Kfar Etzion	כפר עציון	1,371	1967	Gush Etzion
Kfar HaOranim (Menora)	כפר האורנים	2,604	1998	Mateh Binyamin
Kfar Tapuach	כפר תפוח	1,639	1978	Shomron
Kiryat Arba	קרית ארבע	7,490	1972	Har Hebron
Kiryat Netafim	קרית נטפים	1,009	1983	Shomron
Kokhav HaShahar	כוכב השחר	2,501	1977	Mateh Binyamin
Kokhav Ya'akov	כוכב יעקב	9,794	1985	Mateh Binyamin
Ma'ale Amos	מעלה עמוס	906	1981	Gush Etzion
Ma'ale Efrayim	מעלה אפרים	1,377	1970	Bik'at HaYarden
Ma'ale Levona	מעלה לבונה	1,018	1983	Mateh Binyamin
Ma'ale Mikhmas	מעלה מכמש	1,744	1981	Mateh Binyamin
Ma'ale Shomron	מעלה שומרון		1980	Shomron
Ma'on	מעון	607	1981	Har Hebron
Maskiot	משכיות	343	1986	Bik'at HaYarden
Masua	משואה	297	1970	Bik'at HaYarden
Matityahu	מתתיהו	920	1981	Mateh Binyamin
Mehola	מחולה	688	1968	Bik'at HaYarden
Mekhora	מכורה	179	1973	Bik'at HaYarden
Mevo Dotan	מבוא דותן	612	1978	Shomron
Mevo Horon	מבוא חורון	2,669	1970	Mateh Binyamin
Migdal Oz	מגדל עוז	572	1977	Gush Etzion
Migdalim	מגדלים	592	1983	Shomron
Mitzpe Shalem	מצפה שלם	243	1971	Megilot
Mitzpe Yeriho	מצפה יריחו	2,657	1978	Mateh Binyamin
Na'ale	נעלה	2,839	1988	Mateh Binyamin
Na'omi (Na'ama)	נעמי	165	1982	Bik'at HaYarden
Nahliel	נחליאל	743	1984	Mateh Binyamin
Negohot	נגוהות	514	1999	Har Hebron
Netiv HaGdud	נתיב הגדוד	214	1976	Bik'at HaYarden
Neve Daniel	נווה דניאל	2,354	1982	Gush Etzion
Nili	נילי	2,059	1981	Mateh Binyamin
Na'aran (Niran)	נירן	101	1977	Bik'at HaYarden
Nofei Prat	נוֹפֵי פְּרָת	1,200	1992	Mateh Binyamin
Nofim	נופים	1,174	1987	Shomron
Nokdim	נוקדים	3,094	1982	Gush Etzion
Ofra	עפרה	3,497	1975	Mateh Binyamin
Oranit	אורנית	9,295	1985	Shomron
Otniel	עתניאל	1,041	1983	Har Hebron
Peduel	פדואל	2,084	1984	Shomron
Pnei Hever (Ma'ale Hever)	מעלה חבר	743	1982	Har Hebron
Petza'el	פצאל	371	1975	Bik'at HaYarden
Psagot	פסגות	2,086	1981	Mateh Binyamin
Rehelim	רחלים	1,062	2013	Shomron
Reihan	ריחן	408	1977	Shomron
Revava	רבבה	2,950	1991	Shomron
Rimonim	רימונים	707	1977	Mateh Binyamin
Ro'i	רועי	170	1976	Bik'at HaYarden
Rosh Tzurim	ראש צורים	978	1969	Gush Etzion
Rotem	רותם	275	1983	Bik'at HaYarden
Sal'it	סלעית	1,450	1977	Shomron
Sansana	סנסנה	716	1997	Har Hebron
Sha'arei Tikva	שערי תקווה		1983	Shomron
Shadmot Mehola	שדמות מחולה	702	1979	Bik'at HaYarden
Shaked	שקד	1,128	1981	Shomron
Shani (Livne)	לִבְנֶה	571	1989	Har Hebron
Shavei Shomron	שבי שומרון	1,083	1977	Shomron
Shilo	שילה	5,072	1979	Mateh Binyamin
Shim'a	שמעה	938	1985	Har Hebron
Susiya	סוסיא	1,602	1983	Har Hebron
Talmon	טלמון	5,379	1989	Mateh Binyamin
Tekoa	תקוע	4,326	1977	Gush Etzion
Telem	תלם	540	1982	Har Hebron
Teneh Omarim	טנא עומרים	985	1983	Har Hebron
Tomer	תומר	310	1978	Bik'at HaYarden
Tzofim	צופים	2,553	1989	Shomron
Vered Yeriho	ורד יריחו	377	1980	Megilot
Yafit	יפית	225	1980	Bik'at HaYarden
Yakir	יקיר	2,586	1981	Shomron
Yitav	ייט"ב	261	1970	Bik'at HaYarden
Yitzhar	יצהר	2,093	1983	Shomron

Several former Israeli outposts have been retroactively "legalized" under Israeli law as "neighborhoods" of formerly existing Israeli settlements:

• Givat Harsina, also called Ramat Mamre, legalized as "neighborhood" of Kiryat Arba
• Kfar Eldad, considered a "neighborhood" of Nokdim
• Kerem Reim, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Talmon
• Leshem, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Alei Zahav
• Neria, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Talmon
• Nofei Nehemia, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Rehelim
• Sdeh Bar Farm, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Nokdim
• Shvut Rachel, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Shilo
• Tal Menashe, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Hinanit
• Yair Farm, retroactively legalized as a "neighborhood" of Yakir

East Jerusalem

Following the capture and occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem in 1967, the Israeli government effectively annexed the formerly Jordanian occupied territory and extended the Jerusalem municipality borders by adding 70,500 dunams of land with the aim of establishing Jewish settlements and cementing the status of a united city under Israeli control. The Jerusalem Master Plan 1968 called for increasing the Israeli population of Arab East Jerusalem, encircling the city with Israeli settlements and excluding large Palestinian neighborhoods from the expanded municipality. ^[8] Jerusalem was effectively annexed by Israel in 1980, an act that was internationally condemned and ruled "null and void" by the United Nations Security Council in United Nations Security Council Resolution 478. The international community continues to regard East Jerusalem as occupied territory and Israel's settlements there illegal under international law. ^[1]

Name	Hebrew	Population (2019) [9] [10]	Est.
East Talpiot	תלפיות מזרח	15,104	1967
French Hill (Giv'at Shapira)	הגבעה הצרפתית	8,826	1969
Gilo	גילֹה	30,820	1973
Giv'at Hamivtar	גבעת המבתר	2,944	1970
Har Homa	הר חומה	19,950	1997
Ma'alot Dafna	מעלות דפנה	3,260	1972
Neve Yaakov	נווה יעקב	21,780	1972
Pisgat Ze'ev	פסגת זאב	44,512	1985
Ramat Eshkol	רמת אשכול	3,573	1970
Ramat Shlomo	רמת שלמה	15,070	1995
Ramot Alon	רמות אלון	41,410	1974
Total:		207,249

Smaller Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem include Beit Orot, Givat HaMatos, Ma'ale HaZeitim, and Nof Zion.

Golan Heights

In 1967, construction of Israeli settlements began in the portion of the Golan Heights held by Israel. That area remained under military administration until 1981 when Israel passed the Golan Heights Law extending Israeli law and administration throughout the territory. ^[11] That 1981 decision was condemned by the United Nations Security Council in UN Resolution 497, ^{[12] [13]} which stated that "the Israeli decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration in the occupied Syrian Golan Heights is null and void and without international legal effect." Israel maintains it has a right to retain the Golan, citing the text of UN Resolution 242, which calls for "safe and recognised boundaries free from threats or acts of force". ^[14] However, the international community rejects Israeli claims to title to the territory and regards it as sovereign Syrian territory. ^{[15] [16] [17]}

Population of Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights

Name	Hebrew	Population 2022. [7]	Est. [7]
Katzrin	קַצְרִין‬	7,876	1977
Afik	אֲפִיק‬	387	1972
Ein Zivan	עֵין זִיוָן‬	462	1968
El Rom	אֶל רוֹם‬	470	1971
Geshur	גְּשׁוּר	321	1971
Kfar Haruv	כְּפַר חָרוּב	492	1974
Merom Golan	מְרוֹם גּוֹלָן	741	1967
Metzar	מֵיצָר	336	1981
Mevo Hama	מְבוֹא חַמָּה	481	1968
Natur	נָטוּר	958	1980
Ortal	אוֹרְטַל	376	1978
Alonei HaBashan	אַלּוֹנֵי הַבָּשָׁן	518	1981
Ani'am	אֲנִיעָם	499	1978
Avnei Eitan	אַבְנֵ"י אֵיתָ"ן	876	1973
Bnei Yehuda	בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה	1,152	1972
Eliad	אֵלִי עַד	496	1968
Givat Yoav	גִּבְעַת יוֹאָב	723	1968
Haspin	חַסְפִּין	2,175	1978
Kanaf	כָּנָף	486	1985
Keshet	קֶשֶׁת	878	1974
Kidmat Tzvi	קִדְמַת צְבִי	578	1981
Ma'ale Gamla	מַעֲלֵה גַּמְלָא	596	1975
Neot Golan	נְאוֹת גּוֹלָן	713	1968
Neve Ativ	נְוֵה אַטִי"ב	140	1972
Nov	נוֹב	1,059	1974
Odem	אֹדֶם	192	1975
Ramat Magshimim	רָמַת מַגְשִׁימִים	820	1968
Ramot	רָמוֹת	572	1969
Sha'al	שַׁעַל	343	1980
Yonatan	יוֹנָתָן	860	1975
Kela Alon	קלע אלון	404	1981, 1991
Had Ness	חַד נֵס	889	1989

References

1. Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 60, 69, 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR   2203016. S2CID   145514740. p. 60: Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.
   p 69: SC Res. 446 (Mar. 22, 1979), adopted by 12 votes to none, with 3 abstentions (Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States), reaffirmed the applicability of the fourth Geneva Convention, as well as opposing the establishment of Israeli settlements in the occupied territories
   pp 85–86: The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law
2. Pertile, Marco (2005). "'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". In Conforti, Benedetto; Bravo, Luigi (eds.). The Italian Yearbook of International Law. Vol. 14. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 141. ISBN   978-90-04-15027-0. the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars
3. Barak-Erez, Daphne (2006). "Israel: The security barrier—between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review". International Journal of Constitutional Law. 4 (3). Oxford University Press: 548. doi: 10.1093/icon/mol021 . The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation
4. Drew, Catriona (1997). "Self-determination and population transfer". In Bowen, Stephen (ed.). Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories. International studies in human rights. Vol. 52. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 151–152. ISBN   978-90-411-0502-8. It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation
5. International Labour Organization (2005). "The situation of workers of the occupied Arab territories" (PDF). p. 14. The international community considers Israeli settlements within the occupied territories illegal and in breach of, inter alia, United Nations Security Council resolution 465 of 1 March 1980 calling on Israel "to dismantle the existing settlements and in particular to cease, on an urgent basis, the establishment, construction and planning of settlements in the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem"
6. Benveniśtî, Eyāl (2004). The international law of occupation. Princeton University Press. p. xvii. ISBN   978-0-691-12130-7. In its advisory opinion of July 9, 2004, on the Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, the International Court of Justice found Israel in breach of several international law obligations by its construction of a separation barrier on West Bank territory. ... The Court flatly rejects the Israeli claims concerning the inapplicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention to the West Bank and concerning the inapplicability of Article 49 to the Jewish settlements in the areas occupied by Israel. Neither of these claims gained serious support from the international community
7. "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
8. Rawan Asali Nuseibeh (8 October 2015). Political Conflict and Exclusion in Jerusalem: The Provision of Education and Social Services. Taylor & Francis. pp. 43–. ISBN   978-1-317-53576-8.
9. "Israeli Settlements (2019) - OCHA OPT" (PDF).
10. "Settlements List". Peace Now. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
11. Golan Heights Law, MFA.
12. Korman, Sharon, The Right of Conquest: The Acquisition of Territory by Force in International Law and Practice, Oxford University Press, pp. 262–263
13. UN Security Council Resolution 497
14. Y.Z Blum "Secure Boundaries and Middle East Peace in the Light of International Law and Practice" (1971) pages 24–46
15. • "The international community maintains that the Israeli decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration in the occupied Syrian Golan is null and void and without international legal effect." International Labour Office (2009). The situation of workers of the occupied Arab territories (International government publication ed.). International Labour Office. p. 23. ISBN   978-92-2-120630-9.
    • In 2008, a plenary session of the United Nations General Assembly voted by 161–1 in favour of a motion on the "occupied Syrian Golan" that reaffirmed support for UN Resolution 497. (General Assembly adopts broad range of texts, 26 in all, on recommendation of its fourth Committee, including on decolonization, information, Palestine refugees, United Nations, 5 December 2008.)
    • "the Syrian Golan Heights territory, which Israel has occupied since 1967". Also, "the Golan Heights, a 450-square mile portion of southwestern Syria that Israel occupied during the 1967 Arab-Israeli war." (CRS Issue Brief for Congress: Syria: U.S. Relations and Bilateral Issues, Congressional Research Service. 19 January 2006) Archived 18 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine
16. Occupied territory:
    • "Israeli-occupied Golan Heights" (Central Intelligence Agency. CIA World Factbook 2010, Skyhorse Publishing Inc., 2009. pg. 339. ISBN   1-60239-727-9.)
    • "...the United States considers the Golan Heights to be occupied territory subject to negotiation and Israeli withdrawal..." ("CRS Issue Brief for Congress: Israeli-United States Relations", Congressional Research Service, 5 April 2002. pg. 5. Retrieved 1 August 2010.)
    • "Occupied Golan Heights" (Travel advice: Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories Archived 20 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine , UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Retrieved 1 August 2010.)
    • "In the ICRC's view, the Golan is an occupied territory." (ICRC activities in the occupied Golan during 2007, International Committee of the Red Cross, 24 April 2008.)
17. Korman, Sharon. The right of conquest: the acquisition of territory by force in international law and practice, Oxford University Press, 1996. pg. 265. ISBN   0-19-828007-6. "The continued occupation of the Syrian Golan Heights is recognized by many states as valid and consistent with the provisions of the United Nations Charter, on a self-defence basis. Israel, on this view, would be entitled to exact as a condition of withdrawal from the territory the imposition of security measures of an indefinite character--such as perpetual demilitarization, or the emplacement of a United Nations force--which would ensure, or tend to ensure, that the territory would not be used against it for aggression on future occasions. But the notion that Israel is entitled to claim any status other than that of belligerent occupant in the territory which it occupies, or to act beyond the strict bounds laid down in the Fourth Geneva Convention, has been universally rejected by the international community--no less by the United States than by any other state."