List of Israeli settlements

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This is a list of Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. Israel had previously established settlements in both the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula; however, the Gaza settlements were dismantled in the Israeli disengagement from Gaza in 2005, and the Sinai settlements were evacuated with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty and the return of the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. This list does not include West Bank settlements that were dismantled or Israeli outposts.

Contents

Israel in effect annexed East Jerusalem with the Jerusalem Law and considers settlements in the expanded boundaries of East Jerusalem to be neighborhoods of Jerusalem and not settlements. The United Nations Security Council ruled that act "null and void" in United Nations Security Council Resolution 478, and the international community considers East Jerusalem to continue to be held under Israeli occupation.

Israel in effect annexed the Golan Heights with the Golan Heights Law and does not consider the localities established there to be settlements. The United Nations Security Council ruled that act "null and void" in United Nations Security Council Resolution 497 and the international community continues to view the Golan Heights to be Syrian territory held under Israeli occupation.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories illegal under international law, violating the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population to or from occupied territory, though Israel disputes this. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

West Bank

City settlements in the West Bank

Four settlements have been given city status. Their combined population is over 210,000, representing around half of the West Bank settler population outside of East Jerusalem.

NameHebrewImage mapPopulation (2022) [7] Est. [7] Council
Ariel אריאל Ariel in the West Bank Access Restrictions (United Nations OCHA oPt) May 2023 (cropped).jpg 20,5201978 Shomron
Beitar Illit ביתר עילית Beitar Illit in the West Bank Access Restrictions (United Nations OCHA oPt) May 2023 (cropped).jpg 64,0161985 Gush Etzion
Ma'ale Adumim מעלה אדומים Ma'ale Adumim in the West Bank Access Restrictions (United Nations OCHA oPt) May 2023 (cropped).jpg 38,0461975 Gush Etzion
Modi'in Illit מודיעין עילית Modi'in Illit in the West Bank Access Restrictions (United Nations OCHA oPt) May 2023 (cropped).jpg 83,3561996 Mateh Binyamin

Other settlements in the West Bank, excluding East Jerusalem

NameHebrewPopulation (2022) [7] Est. [7] Council
Adora (Adura) אדורה5151984 Har Hebron
Alei Zahav עלי זהב4,6471982 Shomron
Alfei Menashe אלפי מנשה7,9751983 Shomron
Almog אלמוג2361977 Megilot
Almon עלמון1,4671982 Mateh Binyamin
Alon אלון1,0311990 Mateh Binyamin
Alon Shvut אלון שבות3,0461970 Gush Etzion
Amihai עמיחי2092018 Mateh Binyamin
Argaman ארגמן1311968 Bik'at HaYarden
Asfar (Metzad) מיצד1,2281983 Gush Etzion
Ateret עטרת8911981 Mateh Binyamin
Avnat (Ovnat) אבנת2491983 Megilot
Avnei Hefetz אבני חפץ2,3631990 Shomron
Barkan ברקן2,0401981 Shomron
Bat Ayin בת עין1,7301989 Gush Etzion
Beit Aryeh-Ofarim בית אריה5,5171981 Shomron
Beit El בית אל6,1081977 Mateh Binyamin
Beit HaArava בית הערבה5081980 Megilot
Beit Horon בית חורון1,4421977 Mateh Binyamin
Beit Yatir (Metzadot Yehuda) בית יתיר6961983 Har Hebron
Beka'ot (Bqa'ot) בקעות1871972 Bik'at HaYarden
Brukhin ברוכין2,4122012 Shomron
Carmel כרמל4651981 Har Hebron
Dolev דולב1,6131983 Mateh Binyamin
Efrat (Efrata) אפרת11,8531980 Gush Etzion
Elazar אלעזר2,6151975 Gush Etzion
Eli עלי4,7011984 Mateh Binyamin
Elkana אלקנה4,3011977 Shomron
Elon Moreh אלון מורה2,1051979 Shomron
Einav (Enav) ענב1,0621981 Shomron
Eshkolot אשכולות6231982 Har Hebron
Etz Efraim עץ אפרים1985 Shomron
Ganei Modi'in גני מודיעין2,6031985 Mateh Binyamin
Geva Binyamin גבע בנימין5,9131984 Mateh Binyamin
Gilgal גלגל2291970 Bik'at HaYarden
Gitit גיתית5021973 Bik'at HaYarden
Giv'at Ze'ev גבעת זאב21,0971983 Mateh Binyamin
Giv'on HaHadasha גבעון החדשה9961980 Mateh Binyamin
Haggai (Beit Hagai) בית חגי7251984 Har Hebron
Halamish חלמיש1,4851977 Mateh Binyamin
Hamra חמרה2241971 Bik'at HaYarden
Har Adar הר אדר4,0651986 Mateh Binyamin
Har Brakha הר ברכה3,1651983 Shomron
Har Gilo הר גילה1,6551972 Gush Etzion
Hashmonaim חשמונאים2,5891985 Mateh Binyamin
Hemdat חמדת3611980 Bik'at HaYarden
Hermesh חרמש2451982 Shomron
Hinanit חיננית1,6591981 Shomron
Immanuel עמנואל4,6561983 Shomron
Itamar איתמר1,4701984 Shomron
Kalya קלי"ה4901968 Megilot
Karmei Tzur כרמי צור9801984 Gush Etzion
Karnei Shomron קרני שומרון9,9201978 Shomron
Kedar (Keidar) קדר1,6491985 Gush Etzion
Kedumim קדומים4,5481977 Shomron
Kfar Adumim כפר אדומים4,9571979 Mateh Binyamin
Kfar Etzion כפר עציון1,3711967 Gush Etzion
Kfar HaOranim (Menora) כפר האורנים2,6041998 Mateh Binyamin
Kfar Tapuach כפר תפוח1,6391978 Shomron
Kiryat Arba קרית ארבע7,4901972 Har Hebron
Kiryat Netafim קרית נטפים1,0091983 Shomron
Kokhav HaShahar כוכב השחר2,5011977 Mateh Binyamin
Kokhav Ya'akov כוכב יעקב9,7941985 Mateh Binyamin
Ma'ale Amos מעלה עמוס9061981 Gush Etzion
Ma'ale Efrayim מעלה אפרים1,3771970 Bik'at HaYarden
Ma'ale Levona מעלה לבונה1,0181983 Mateh Binyamin
Ma'ale Mikhmas מעלה מכמש1,7441981 Mateh Binyamin
Ma'ale Shomron מעלה שומרון1980 Shomron
Ma'on מעון6071981 Har Hebron
Maskiot משכיות3431986 Bik'at HaYarden
Masua משואה2971970 Bik'at HaYarden
Matityahu מתתיהו9201981 Mateh Binyamin
Mehola מחולה6881968 Bik'at HaYarden
Mekhora מכורה1791973 Bik'at HaYarden
Mevo Dotan מבוא דותן6121978 Shomron
Mevo Horon מבוא חורון2,6691970 Mateh Binyamin
Migdal Oz מגדל עוז5721977 Gush Etzion
Migdalim מגדלים5921983 Shomron
Mitzpe Shalem מצפה שלם2431971 Megilot
Mitzpe Yeriho מצפה יריחו2,6571978 Mateh Binyamin
Na'ale נעלה2,8391988 Mateh Binyamin
Na'omi (Na'ama) נעמי1651982 Bik'at HaYarden
Nahliel נחליאל7431984 Mateh Binyamin
Negohot נגוהות5141999 Har Hebron
Netiv HaGdud נתיב הגדוד2141976 Bik'at HaYarden
Neve Daniel נווה דניאל2,3541982 Gush Etzion
Nili נילי2,0591981 Mateh Binyamin
Na'aran (Niran) נירן1011977 Bik'at HaYarden
Nofei Prat נוֹפֵי פְּרָת1,2001992 Mateh Binyamin
Nofim נופים1,1741987 Shomron
Nokdim נוקדים3,0941982 Gush Etzion
Ofra עפרה3,4971975 Mateh Binyamin
Oranit אורנית9,2951985 Shomron
Otniel עתניאל1,0411983 Har Hebron
Peduel פדואל2,0841984 Shomron
Pnei Hever (Ma'ale Hever) מעלה חבר7431982 Har Hebron
Petza'el פצאל3711975 Bik'at HaYarden
Psagot פסגות2,0861981 Mateh Binyamin
Rehelim רחלים1,0622013 Shomron
Reihan ריחן4081977 Shomron
Revava רבבה2,9501991 Shomron
Rimonim רימונים7071977 Mateh Binyamin
Ro'i רועי1701976 Bik'at HaYarden
Rosh Tzurim ראש צורים9781969 Gush Etzion
Rotem רותם2751983 Bik'at HaYarden
Sal'it סלעית1,4501977 Shomron
Sansana סנסנה7161997 Har Hebron
Sha'arei Tikva שערי תקווה1983 Shomron
Shadmot Mehola שדמות מחולה7021979 Bik'at HaYarden
Shaked שקד1,1281981 Shomron
Shani (Livne) לִבְנֶה5711989 Har Hebron
Shavei Shomron שבי שומרון1,0831977 Shomron
Shilo שילה5,0721979 Mateh Binyamin
Shim'a שמעה9381985 Har Hebron
Susiya סוסיא1,6021983 Har Hebron
Talmon טלמון5,3791989 Mateh Binyamin
Tekoa תקוע4,3261977 Gush Etzion
Telem תלם5401982 Har Hebron
Teneh Omarim טנא עומרים9851983 Har Hebron
Tomer תומר3101978 Bik'at HaYarden
Tzofim צופים2,5531989 Shomron
Vered Yeriho ורד יריחו3771980 Megilot
Yafit יפית2251980 Bik'at HaYarden
Yakir יקיר2,5861981 Shomron
Yitav ייט"ב2611970 Bik'at HaYarden
Yitzhar יצהר2,0931983 Shomron

Several former Israeli outposts have been retroactively "legalized" under Israeli law as "neighborhoods" of formerly existing Israeli settlements:

East Jerusalem

Following the capture and occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem in 1967, the Israeli government effectively annexed the formerly Jordanian occupied territory and extended the Jerusalem municipality borders by adding 70,500 dunams of land with the aim of establishing Jewish settlements and cementing the status of a united city under Israeli control. The Jerusalem Master Plan 1968 called for increasing the Israeli population of Arab East Jerusalem, encircling the city with Israeli settlements and excluding large Palestinian neighborhoods from the expanded municipality. [8] Jerusalem was effectively annexed by Israel in 1980, an act that was internationally condemned and ruled "null and void" by the United Nations Security Council in United Nations Security Council Resolution 478. The international community continues to regard East Jerusalem as occupied territory and Israel's settlements there illegal under international law. [1]

NameHebrewPopulation (2019) [9] [10] Est.
East Talpiot תלפיות מזרח15,1041967
French Hill (Giv'at Shapira) הגבעה הצרפתית8,8261969
Gilo גילֹה30,8201973
Giv'at Hamivtar גבעת המבתר2,9441970
Har Homa הר חומה19,9501997
Ma'alot Dafna מעלות דפנה3,2601972
Neve Yaakov נווה יעקב21,7801972
Pisgat Ze'ev פסגת זאב44,5121985
Ramat Eshkol רמת אשכול3,5731970
Ramat Shlomo רמת שלמה15,0701995
Ramot Alon רמות אלון41,4101974
Total:207,249

Smaller Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem include Beit Orot, Givat HaMatos, Ma'ale HaZeitim, and Nof Zion.

Golan Heights

In 1967, construction of Israeli settlements began in the portion of the Golan Heights held by Israel. That area remained under military administration until 1981 when Israel passed the Golan Heights Law extending Israeli law and administration throughout the territory. [11] That 1981 decision was condemned by the United Nations Security Council in UN Resolution 497, [12] [13] which stated that "the Israeli decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration in the occupied Syrian Golan Heights is null and void and without international legal effect." Israel maintains it has a right to retain the Golan, citing the text of UN Resolution 242, which calls for "safe and recognised boundaries free from threats or acts of force". [14] However, the international community rejects Israeli claims to title to the territory and regards it as sovereign Syrian territory. [15] [16] [17]

Population of Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights
NameHebrewPopulation 2022. [7] Est. [7]
Katzrin קַצְרִין7,8761977
Afik אֲפִיק3871972
Ein Zivan עֵין זִיוָן4621968
El Rom אֶל רוֹם4701971
Geshur גְּשׁוּר3211971
Kfar Haruv כְּפַר חָרוּב4921974
Merom Golan מְרוֹם גּוֹלָן7411967
Metzar מֵיצָר3361981
Mevo Hama מְבוֹא חַמָּה4811968
Natur נָטוּר9581980
Ortal אוֹרְטַל3761978
Alonei HaBashan אַלּוֹנֵי הַבָּשָׁן5181981
Ani'am אֲנִיעָם4991978
Avnei Eitan אַבְנֵ"י אֵיתָ"ן8761973
Bnei Yehuda בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה1,1521972
Eliad אֵלִי עַד4961968
Givat Yoav גִּבְעַת יוֹאָב7231968
Haspin חַסְפִּין2,1751978
Kanaf כָּנָף4861985
Keshet קֶשֶׁת8781974
Kidmat Tzvi קִדְמַת צְבִי5781981
Ma'ale Gamla מַעֲלֵה גַּמְלָא5961975
Neot Golan נְאוֹת גּוֹלָן7131968
Neve Ativ נְוֵה אַטִי"ב1401972
Nov נוֹב1,0591974
Odem אֹדֶם1921975
Ramat Magshimim רָמַת מַגְשִׁימִים8201968
Ramot רָמוֹת5721969
Sha'al שַׁעַל3431980
Yonatan יוֹנָתָן8601975
Kela Alon קלע אלון4041981, 1991
Had Ness חַד נֵס8891989

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References

  1. 1 2 Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 60, 69, 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR   2203016. S2CID   145514740. p. 60: Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.
    p 69: SC Res. 446 (Mar. 22, 1979), adopted by 12 votes to none, with 3 abstentions (Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States), reaffirmed the applicability of the fourth Geneva Convention, as well as opposing the establishment of Israeli settlements in the occupied territories
    pp 85–86: The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law
  2. Pertile, Marco (2005). "'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". In Conforti, Benedetto; Bravo, Luigi (eds.). The Italian Yearbook of International Law. Vol. 14. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 141. ISBN   978-90-04-15027-0. the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars
  3. Barak-Erez, Daphne (2006). "Israel: The security barrier—between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review". International Journal of Constitutional Law. 4 (3). Oxford University Press: 548. doi: 10.1093/icon/mol021 . The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation
  4. Drew, Catriona (1997). "Self-determination and population transfer". In Bowen, Stephen (ed.). Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories. International studies in human rights. Vol. 52. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 151–152. ISBN   978-90-411-0502-8. It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation
  5. International Labour Organization (2005). "The situation of workers of the occupied Arab territories" (PDF). p. 14. The international community considers Israeli settlements within the occupied territories illegal and in breach of, inter alia, United Nations Security Council resolution 465 of 1 March 1980 calling on Israel "to dismantle the existing settlements and in particular to cease, on an urgent basis, the establishment, construction and planning of settlements in the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem"
  6. Benveniśtî, Eyāl (2004). The international law of occupation. Princeton University Press. p. xvii. ISBN   978-0-691-12130-7. In its advisory opinion of July 9, 2004, on the Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, the International Court of Justice found Israel in breach of several international law obligations by its construction of a separation barrier on West Bank territory. ... The Court flatly rejects the Israeli claims concerning the inapplicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention to the West Bank and concerning the inapplicability of Article 49 to the Jewish settlements in the areas occupied by Israel. Neither of these claims gained serious support from the international community
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  8. Rawan Asali Nuseibeh (8 October 2015). Political Conflict and Exclusion in Jerusalem: The Provision of Education and Social Services. Taylor & Francis. pp. 43–. ISBN   978-1-317-53576-8.
  9. "Israeli Settlements (2019) - OCHA OPT" (PDF).
  10. "Settlements List". Peace Now. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  11. Golan Heights Law, MFA.
  12. Korman, Sharon, The Right of Conquest: The Acquisition of Territory by Force in International Law and Practice, Oxford University Press, pp. 262–263
  13. UN Security Council Resolution 497
  14. Y.Z Blum "Secure Boundaries and Middle East Peace in the Light of International Law and Practice" (1971) pages 24–46
  15. Occupied territory:
  16. Korman, Sharon. The right of conquest: the acquisition of territory by force in international law and practice, Oxford University Press, 1996. pg. 265. ISBN   0-19-828007-6. "The continued occupation of the Syrian Golan Heights is recognized by many states as valid and consistent with the provisions of the United Nations Charter, on a self-defence basis. Israel, on this view, would be entitled to exact as a condition of withdrawal from the territory the imposition of security measures of an indefinite character--such as perpetual demilitarization, or the emplacement of a United Nations force--which would ensure, or tend to ensure, that the territory would not be used against it for aggression on future occasions. But the notion that Israel is entitled to claim any status other than that of belligerent occupant in the territory which it occupies, or to act beyond the strict bounds laid down in the Fourth Geneva Convention, has been universally rejected by the international community--no less by the United States than by any other state."