List of Presidents of Chile

Last updated July 26, 2019

This article contains a list of Presidents of Chile from the establishment of the First Government Junta in 1810, at the beginning of the Chilean War of Independence, to the present day.

The President of Chile, officially known as the President of the Republic of Chile is the head of state and the head of government of Chile. The President is responsible for both the Chilean government and state administration. Although its role and significance has changed over the history of Chile, as well as its position and relations with other actors in the national political organization, it is one of the most prominent political figures. It is also considered as one of the institutions that make up the "Historic Constitution of Chile", and is essential to the country's political stability.

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.

Government Assembly of the Kingdom of Chile, also known as the First Government Junta, was the organization established to rule Chile following the deposition and imprisonment of King Ferdinand VII by Napoleon Bonaparte. It was the earliest step in the Chilean struggle for independence, and the anniversary of its establishment is celebrated as the national day of Chile.

Patria Vieja (1810–1814)

Government Juntas (1810–1814)

№	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Notes
1		Mateo de Toro y Zambrano (1727–1811)	18 September 1810	26 February 1811	President of the First Government Junta. Died in office.
2		Juan Martínez de Rozas (1759–1813)	27 February 1811	2 April 1811	Interim President of the First Government Junta.
3		Fernando Márquez de la Plata (1740–1818)	2 April 1811	4 July 1811	President of the First Government Junta.
4		Juan Antonio Ovalle [ es ] (1750–1819)	4 July 1811	20 July 1811	President of the First National Congress.
5		Martín Calvo Encalada (1756–1828)	20 July 1811	11 August 1811	President of the First National Congress.
5		Martín Calvo Encalada (1756–1828)	11 August 1811	4 September 1811	President of the Provisional Executive Authority.
6		Juan Enrique Rosales [ es ] (1755–1825)	4 September 1811	16 November 1811	President of the Executive Court.
7		José Miguel Carrera (1785–1821)	16 November 1811	13 December 1811	President of the Provisional Government Junta.
13 December 1811	8 January 1812	Provisional Supreme Authority.
8 January 1812	8 April 1812	President of the Provisional Government Junta.
8		José Santiago Portales [ es ] (1764–1835)	8 April 1812	6 August 1812	President of the Provisional Government Junta.
9		Pedro José Prado Jaraquemada [ es ] (1754–1827)	6 August 1812	6 December 1812	President of the Provisional Government Junta.
7		José Miguel Carrera (1785–1821)	6 December 1812	30 March 1813	President of the Provisional Government Junta.
10		Juan José Carrera (1782–1818)	30 March 1813	13 April 1813	President of the Provisional Government Junta.
11		Francisco Antonio Pérez (1764–1828)	13 April 1813	23 August 1813	President of the Superior Governmental Junta.
12		José Miguel Infante (1778–1844)	23 August 1813	11 January 1814	President of the Superior Governmental Junta.
13		Agustín Eyzaguirre (1768–1837)	11 January 1814	7 March 1814	President of the Superior Governmental Junta.

Supreme Directors (1814)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Notes
1	Antonio José de Irisarri (1786–1868)	7 March 1814	14 March 1814	Interim Supreme Director.
14	Francisco de la Lastra (1777–1852)	14 March 1814	23 July 1814	Supreme Director.
7	José Miguel Carrera (1785–1821)	23 July 1814	2 October 1814	President of the Government Junta. Chilean defeat in the Battle of Rancagua, Spain regains control of Chile.

Reconquest (1814–1817)

№	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Notes
15		Mariano Osorio (1777–1819)	3 October 1814	26 December 1815	Royal Governor of Chile
16		Casimiro Marcó del Pont (1770–1819)	26 December 1815	12 February 1817	Royal Governor of Chile. Chilean victory in the Battle of Chacabuco, Spanish control ends.

Patria Nueva (1817–1826)

Supreme Directors (1817–1826)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Notes
17	Bernardo O'Higgins (1778–1842)	16 February 1817	28 January 1823	Supreme Director.
13	Agustín Eyzaguirre (1768–1837)	28 January 1823	4 April 1823	President of the Government Junta.
18	Ramón Freire (1787–1851)	4 April 1823	9 July 1826	Interim Supreme Director.

Presidents (1826–)

Organization of the Republic (1826–1830)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes	Vice President^{[lower-alpha 1]}
19	Manuel Blanco Encalada (1790–1876)	9 July 1826	9 September 1826	Independent	1826	Elected as Interim President. Resigned.	Agustín Eyzaguirre
13	Agustín Eyzaguirre (1768–1837)	9 September 1826	25 January 1827	Independent	–	Interim Vice-President under Manuel Blanco Encalada, assumed the presidency after his resignation.	Vacant
–	Ramón Freire (1787–1851)	25 January 1827	15 February 1827	Pipiolos	—	Provisional President.	Vacant
20	Ramón Freire (1787–1851)	15 February 1827	8 May 1827	Pipiolos	1827	Resigned.	Francisco Antonio Pinto
21	Francisco Antonio Pinto (1785–1858)	8 May 1827	16 July 1829	Pipiolos	–	Vice-President under Ramón Freire, assumed the presidency after his resignation.	Vacant
22	Francisco Ramón Vicuña (1775–1849)	16 July 1829	19 October 1829	Pipiolos	—	For health reasons, Francisco Antonio Pinto made the President of the Senate, Francisco Ramón Vicuña, Delegate President.	Vacant
21	Francisco Antonio Pinto (1785–1858)	19 October 1829	2 November 1829	Pipiolos	1829	Resigned.	Joaquín Vicuña
22	Francisco Ramón Vicuña (1775–1849)	2 November 1829	7 November 1829	Pipiolos	—	President of the Senate. Deposed during the Chilean Civil War of 1829–30.	Vacant
23	Ramón Freire (1787–1851)	7 November 1829	8 November 1829	Pipiolos	—	President of the Government Junta. Deposed during the Civil War.
24	Francisco Ramón Vicuña (1775–1849)	8 November 1829	7 December 1829	Pipiolos	—	President of the Senate. Restoration of its original mandate. Resigned during the Civil War.
Vacant 7 December 1829 – 24 December 1829						Civil War. There was no president in this period.
25	José Tomás Ovalle (1787–1831)	24 December 1829	18 February 1830	Pelucones	—	President of the Government Junta.
26	Francisco Ruiz-Tagle (1790–1860)	18 February 1830	1 April 1830	Pelucones	—	Provisional President. Resigned.	José Tomás Ovalle
27	José Tomás Ovalle (1787–1831)	1 April 1830	8 March 1831	Pelucones	—	Provisional Vice-President under Francisco Ruiz-Tagle, assumed the presidency after his resignation. End of the Chilean Civil War of 1829–30 with the Battle of Lircay. Resigned for health reasons, died 2 weeks later.	Vacant
28	Fernando Errázuriz (1777–1841)	8 March 1831	21 March 1831	Pelucones	—	Provisional President appointed by the Congress.
28	Fernando Errázuriz (1777–1841)	21 March 1831	18 September 1831	Pelucones	—	The Congress appointed José Joaquín Prieto as President and Fernando Errázuriz as Vice President, but Prieto did not take office and instead resigned immediately, making Fernando Errázuriz President automatically.

Conservative Republic (1830–1861)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes	Vice President^{[lower-alpha 1]}
29	José Joaquín Prieto (1786–1854)	18 September 1831	18 September 1836	Pelucones	1831		Diego Portales ^{[lower-alpha 2]}
		18 September 1831	18 September 1836	Pelucones	1831
		18 September 1836	18 September 1841	Conservative	1836		Post abolished
30	Manuel Bulnes (1799–1866)	18 September 1841	18 September 1846	Conservative	1841
30	Manuel Bulnes (1799–1866)	18 September 1846	18 September 1851	Conservative	1846
31	Manuel Montt (1809–1880)	18 September 1851	18 September 1856	Conservative	1851	Government victory in the Chilean Civil War of 1851.
31	Manuel Montt (1809–1880)	18 September 1856	18 September 1861	National	1856

Liberal Republic (1861–1891)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes
33	José Joaquín Pérez (1801–1889)	18 September 1861	18 September 1866	National	1861
33	José Joaquín Pérez (1801–1889)	18 September 1866	18 September 1871	National	1866
34	Federico Errázuriz Zañartu (1825–1877)	18 September 1871	18 September 1876	Liberal	1871
35	Aníbal Pinto Garmendia (1825–1884)	18 September 1876	18 September 1881	Liberal	1876
36	Domingo Santa María (1825–1889)	18 September 1881	18 September 1886	Liberal	1881
37	José Manuel Balmaceda (1840–1891)	18 September 1886	29 August 1891	Liberal	1886	Resigned in the Chilean Civil War of 1891 and handed over power to Manuel Baquedano. Killed himself on 19 September 1891, a day after his term would have ended.
38	Claudio Vicuña Guerrero [ es ] (1833–1907)	Did not take office		Liberal	1891	Won the presidential election, although he never assumed because of the Congressist victory in the Chilean Civil War of 1891.
39	Manuel Baquedano (1823–1897)	29 August 1891	31 August 1891	Military	—	Head of Provisional Government.

Parliamentary Republic (1891–1925)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes
	Jorge Montt (1845–1922)	31 August 1891	10 November 1891	Military	—	President of the Government Junta.
		10 November 1891	26 December 1891	Military	—	Head of the Executive Power.
40		26 December 1891	18 September 1896	Independent	1891
41	Federico Errázuriz Echaurren (1850–1901)	18 September 1896	12 July 1901	Liberal	1896	Died in office.
42	Aníbal Zañartu (1847–1902)	12 July 1901	18 September 1901	Liberal	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President.
43	Germán Riesco Errázuriz (1854–1916)	18 September 1901	18 September 1906	Liberal	1901
44	Pedro Montt (1849–1910)	18 September 1906	16 August 1910	National	1906	Died in office.
45	Elías Fernández Albano (1845–1910)	16 August 1910	6 September 1910	National	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President. Died in office.
46	Emiliano Figueroa (1866–1931)	6 September 1910	23 December 1910	Liberal Democratic	—	Minister of Justice acting as Vice President.
47	Ramón Barros Luco (1835–1919)	23 December 1910	23 December 1915	Liberal	1910
48	Juan Luis Sanfuentes (1858–1930)	23 December 1915	23 December 1920	Liberal Democratic	1915
49	Arturo Alessandri (1868–1950)	23 December 1920	12 September 1924	Liberal	1920	Deposed in a coup d'état.
50	Luis Altamirano (1876–1938)	12 September 1924	23 January 1925	Military	—	President of the Government Junta of 1924. Deposed in a coup d'état.
51	Pedro Dartnell (1874–1944)	23 January 1925	27 January 1925	Military	—	President of the Government Junta of 1925. Resigned.
52	Emilio Bello Codesido (1868–1963)	27 January 1925	12 March 1925	Liberal Democratic	—	President of the Government Junta of 1925.

Presidential Republic (1925–1932)

№	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes
49		Arturo Alessandri (1868–1950)	12 March 1925	1 October 1925	Liberal	—	Restoration of his original mandate. Resigned.
53		Luis Barros Borgoño (1858–1943)	1 October 1925	23 December 1925	Liberal	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President.
46		Emiliano Figueroa (1866–1931)	23 December 1925	10 May 1927	Liberal Democratic	1925	Resigned.
–		Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1877–1960)	10 May 1927	21 July 1927	Independent	—	Vice President.
54		Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1877–1960)	21 July 1927	26 July 1931	Independent	1927	Resigned.
55		Pedro Opaso (1876–1957)	26 July 1931	27 July 1931	Liberal Democratic	—	President of the Senate acting as Vice President. Resigned.
56		Juan Esteban Montero (1879–1948)	27 July 1931	20 August 1931	Radical	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President. Resigned to run for Presidency.
57		Manuel Trucco (1875–1954)	20 August 1931	15 November 1931	Radical	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President.
–		Juan Esteban Montero (1879–1948)	15 November 1931	4 December 1931	Radical	—	Vice President.
56	4 December 1931	4 June 1932	1931	Deposed in a coup d'état.

Socialist Republic of Chile (1932)

№	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes
58		Arturo Puga (1879–1970)	4 June 1932	16 June 1932	Military	—	President of the Government Junta. Resigned.
59		Carlos Dávila (1887–1955)	16 June 1932	8 July 1932	Socialist	—	President of the Government Junta.
8 July 1932	13 September 1932	Provisional President of the Socialist Republic. Resigned.			Socialist	—

Presidential Republic (1932–1973)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes
60	Bartolomé Blanche (1879–1970)	13 September 1932	2 October 1932	Military	—	Provisional President. Resigned.
61	Abraham Oyanedel (1874–1954)	2 October 1932	24 December 1932	Independent	—	President of the Supreme Court acting as Vice President.
62	Arturo Alessandri (1868–1950)	24 December 1932	24 December 1938	Liberal	1932
63	Pedro Aguirre Cerda (1879–1941)	24 December 1938	25 November 1941	Radical	1938	Died in office.
64	Jerónimo Méndez (1887–1959)	25 November 1941	2 April 1942	Radical	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President.
65	Juan Antonio Ríos (1888–1946)	2 April 1942	27 June 1946	Radical	1942	Died in office.
66	Alfredo Duhalde (1898–1985)	27 June 1946	3 August 1946	Radical	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President. Resigned to run for Presidency.
67	Vicente Merino (1889–1977)	3 August 1946	13 August 1946	Independent	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President.
66	Alfredo Duhalde (1898–1985)	13 August 1946	17 October 1946	Radical	—	Vice President. Resigned.
68	Juan Antonio Iribarren (1885–1966)	17 October 1946	3 November 1946	Radical	—	Minister of the Interior acting as Vice President.
69	Gabriel González Videla (1898–1980)	3 November 1946	3 November 1952	Radical	1946
70	Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1877–1960)	3 November 1952	3 November 1958	Independent	1952
71	Jorge Alessandri (1896–1986)	3 November 1958	3 November 1964	Independent	1958
72	Eduardo Frei Montalva (1911–1982)	3 November 1964	3 November 1970	Christian Democratic	1964
73	Salvador Allende (1908–1973)	3 November 1970	11 September 1973	Socialist	1970	Deposed in a military coup; committed suicide while the presidential palace was under attack.

Pinochet military rule (1973–1990)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Notes
74	Augusto Pinochet (1915–2006)	11 September 1973	17 June 1974	Military	President of the Government Junta.
		17 June 1974	17 December 1974		Supreme Chief of the Nation.
		17 December 1974	11 March 1981		President of the Republic by decree.
		11 March 1981	11 March 1989		President of the Republic. The Constitution of 1980 comes into force, approved in the constitutional referendum of 1980, which confirmed Augusto Pinochet as president for an 8-year term.
		11 March 1989	11 March 1990		President of the Republic. After losing the national plebiscite of 1988, and in accordance with the Constitution of 1980, Pinochet and the Junta continued in power for another year. Presidential and parliamentary elections took place three months before Pinochet's term expired.

Presidential Republic (1990–present)

№	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Election	Notes
75	Patricio Aylwin (1918–2016)	11 March 1990	11 March 1994	Christian Democratic	1989	Elected for a 4-year term according to Temporary Provisions of the Constitution of 1980. The Constitutional reform of 1994 reduced the presidential term from 8 to 6 years.
76	Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (1942–)	11 March 1994	11 March 2000	Christian Democratic	1993
77	Ricardo Lagos (1938–)	11 March 2000	11 March 2006	Party for Democracy	1999–2000	The Constitutional reform of 2005 reduced the presidential term from 6 to 4 years.
78	Michelle Bachelet (1951–)	11 March 2006	11 March 2010	Socialist	2005–06	First term. First female president of Chile.
79	Sebastián Piñera (1949–)	11 March 2010	11 March 2014	National Renewal Independent	2009–10	First term. First democratically elected conservative president since 1958.
78	Michelle Bachelet (1951–)	11 March 2014	11 March 2018	Socialist	2013	Second term. Supported by the center-left coalition New Majority.
79	Sebastián Piñera (1949–)	11 March 2018	Incumbent (Term ends on 11 March 2022)	Independent Support by Chile Vamos.	2017	Second term. Ran as an independent candidate supported by the center-right coalition Chile Vamos. Previously suspended his party membership during his first term (2010–2014).

Timeline

Living former Presidents

There are four living former Chilean Presidents:

Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle
(served 1994-2000)
(1942-06-24) June 24, 1942 (age 77)
Ricardo Lagos
(served 2000-2006)
(1938-03-02) March 2, 1938 (age 81)
Michelle Bachelet
(served 2006-2010, 2014-2018)
(1951-09-29) September 29, 1951 (age 67)
Sebastián Piñera
(served 2010-2014, 2018–present)
(1949-12-01) December 1, 1949 (age 69)

Eduardo Alfredo Juan Bernardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle is a Chilean politician and civil engineer who was President of Chile from 1994 to 2000. He was also a Senator, fulfilling the role of President of the Senate from 2006 to 2008. He attempted a comeback as the candidate of the ruling Concertación coalition for the 2009 presidential election, but was narrowly defeated. His father was Eduardo Frei Montalva, who was President of Chile from 1964 to 1970.

Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar is a Chilean lawyer, economist and social democrat politician who served as President of Chile from 2000 to 2006. He won the 1999-2000 presidential election by a narrow margin in a runoff over Independent Democrat Union (UDI) candidate Joaquín Lavín. Lagos was the third president from the center-left Coalition of Parties for Democracy to have ruled Chile since 1990. He was succeeded on March 11, 2006 by Socialist Michelle Bachelet, from the same coalition. Since May 2007 he has served as a Special Envoy on Climate Change for the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.

Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria is a Chilean politician who served as President of Chile from 2006 to 2010 and again from 2014 to 2018, the first woman to occupy the position. After leaving the presidency in 2010 and while not immediately reelectable, she was appointed the first executive director of the newly created United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. In December 2013, Bachelet was reelected with over 62% of the vote, bettering the 54% she obtained in 2006. She was the first President of Chile to be reelected since 1932.

Notes

1 2 In 1826, jointly with establishment of the title of President of the Republic, was created the post of "Vice President", with functions to replace the President in case of his death or absence. The post was abolished with the Constitution of 1833 and since then the Vice President is the title given to an ex officio member replacing the elected President.
↑ Did not take office and instead resigned immediately, but this was not accepted by Congress. Continued to be de jure Vice-President until the abolition of the post with a new Constitution in 26 May 1833.

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[vice-1] 1 2 In 1826, jointly with establishment of the title of President of the Republic, was created the post of "Vice President", with functions to replace the President in case of his death or absence. The post was abolished with the Constitution of 1833 and since then the Vice President is the title given to an ex officio member replacing the elected President.

[2] Did not take office and instead resigned immediately, but this was not accepted by Congress. Continued to be de jure Vice-President until the abolition of the post with a new Constitution in 26 May 1833.