Below is a list of comparative social surveys. Survey methodology aims to measure general patterns among a population through statistical methods. Comparative research "seeks to compare and contrast nations, cultures, societies, and institutions.", usually defined as comparing at least two different societies or nations. [1]
Name | Topic | Number of countries | Years | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
USIA XX Surveys | Foreign and security policy. | 4 | 1955–1969 | [2] |
International stratification, mobility and politics file | Intergenerational occupational mobility and political behaviour. | 16 | 1956–1991 | [2] |
The European Voter | Political behaviour, economic status. | 6 | 1956–1998 | [2] [3] |
Pattern of Human Concerns Data | National and individual perceptions. | 14 | 1957–1963 | [2] |
Civic Culture Survey | Political beliefs. | 5 | 1959–1960 | [2] |
ECFIN Business and Consumer Surveys | Economic and business topics. | 31 | 1962- | [2] [4] |
Attitudes towards Europe | European integration. | 5 | 1962 | [2] |
Political Participation - An International Social Science Council (ISSC) Workbook in Comparative Analysis | Political attitudes and behaviour. | 8 | 1963–1972 | [2] [5] |
Multinational Time Budget Study | Time management | 12 | 1965–1966 | [2] |
Political Participation and Equality in Seven Nations | Political participation. | 7 | 1966–1971 | [2] |
Images of the World in the Year 2000 | Expectations of the future. | 11 | 1967–1970 | [2] |
Reader's Digest EURODATA - The Reader's Digest Survey of Europe Today | Lifestyles and attitudes. | 18 | 1969, 1990 | [2] |
Cross-National Equivalent File | Social statistics. | 8 | 1970– | [2] |
Eurobarometer | Various topics. | 27 | 1970– | [2] |
Scandinavian Welfare Study | Life situation. | 4 | 1972 | [2] |
USIA World Survey | Attitudes on domestic and global issues. | 7 | 1972 | [2] |
Political Action I/II | Political topics. | 8 | 1973, 1981 | [2] |
Luxembourg Income Study | Income and economic situation. | 48 | 1979– | [2] |
European Election Studies | Election topics. | 28 | 1979– | [2] |
Comparative Project on Class Structure and Class Consciousness | Social inequality and class relations. | 10 | 1980–1987 | [2] |
European Values Study, World Values Survey | Various topics. | 90+ | 1981– | [2] [6] |
International Social Survey Programme | Various topics. | 42 | 1985– | [2] [7] |
The Political Culture of Southern Europe: A Four Nation Study | Political culture. | 4 | 1985 | [2] |
International Crime Victims Survey | Crime. | 48 | 1989–2005 | [2] [8] |
Free Elections, Political Parties and the Emergence of Competitive Party Systems in Eastern Europe | Election studies. | 17 | 1989–2005 | [2] |
European Working Conditions Survey | Labour issues. | 28 | 1990– | [2] |
Post Communist Publics (PCP) I) Post communist Citizens 1990-1992 II) Consolidation of Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe 1998-2001: A Fifteen Country Study (CDCEE) | Political and economic issues. | 11 | 1990–2001 | [2] |
New Soviet Citizen Surveys | Political and economic issues. | 3 | 1990–1992 | [2] |
Comparative National Elections Project | Election studies. | 28 | 1990– | [2] |
International Social Justice Project | Social justice. | 13 | 1991, 1996 | [2] |
New Europe Barometer | Various political and social issues. | 19 | 1991– | [2] |
The Pulse of Europe | Various political and social issues. | 13 | 1991 | [2] |
Population Policy Acceptance Study | Various political and social issues. | 14 | 1991, 2000 | [2] |
Larin American Public Opinion Project | Political attitudes. | 34 | 1991–2003 | [2] [9] |
Fertility and Family Survey | Family and social issues. | 24 | 1991 | [2] |
Social Change in Baltic Countries | Social issues. | 3 | 1993 | [2] |
Values and Political Change in Post-Communist Europe | Political issues. | 5 | 1993–1994 | [2] |
Social Stratification in Eastern Europe since 1989 | Social issues. | 6 | 1993–1994 | [2] |
The Transformation Process in Hungary, Poland, in the Czech and Slovak Republic | Political and economic issues. | 4 | 1993, 1995 | [2] |
The European Community Household Panel | Social issues. | 15 | 1994–2001 | [2] |
NORBALT I and II Living Conditions in the Baltic Countries | Social issues. | 3 | 1994, 1999 | [2] |
International Adult Literacy Survey | Literacy and respondent background. | 22 | 1994–2008 | [2] |
East Asia Barometer | Political attitudes. | 6 | 1994 | [2] |
Luxembourg Wealth Study | Household wealth. | 18 | 1994– | [2] |
Latinobarómetro | Political and social issues. | 19 | 1995– | [2] |
Social Consequences of Transition | Issues related to social and political transition. | 5 | 1995 | [2] |
Comparative Study of Electoral Systems | Election studies. | 55 | 1996– | [2] [10] |
Coping with Government in the Former Soviet Union/Economic Commission for Europe | Political issues. | 4 | 1996–1998 | [2] |
East Asian Social Survey 1997 | Social issues. | 3 | 1996–1997 | [2] |
New Departures: Religion and Attitudes toward Church in Eastern (Central) Europe | Religion and social issues. | 10 | 1997, 2007 | [2] [11] |
Transition Barometer | Social and political issues. | 4 | 1997, 2000 | [2] |
People on war | War. | 18 | 1999, 2009, 2016 | [2] [12] |
Harmonized European Time Use Survey | Time management. | 15 | 1999– | [13] |
Afrobarometer | Various topics. | 36 | 1999– | [2] |
EU Accession Opinion Survey | Attitudes towards the European Union. | 11 | 2000 | [2] |
Asia Europe Survey | Social issues. | 18 | 2000 | [2] |
Asian Barometer Survey | Various topics. | 19 | 2001– | [2] [14] |
Global Barometer Surveys | Various topics. | 55 | 2001– | [2] |
EU Index | Attitudes towards the EU. | 14 | 2001–2006 | [2] |
Political Culture in Central and Eastern Europe / Political Culture and Democratic Values in New Democracies | Political and social issues. | 14 | 2001–2002 | [2] |
E-LIVING: Life in Digital Europe | Information technology and social issues. | 6 | 2001–2002 | [2] [15] |
Generations & Gender Programme | Social change. | 20 | 2002– | [2] [16] |
European Social Survey | Social issues. | 38 | 2002– | [2] [17] |
Transatlantic Trends Survey | Attitudes towards global issues. | 16 | 2002– | [2] [18] |
East Asia Value Survey | Social issues. | 5 | 2002, 2004 | [2] [19] |
Pew Global Attitudes Survey | Various topics. | 54 | 2002– | [2] [20] |
The Voice of the People | Various topics. | 67 | 2003– | [2] [21] |
Asia Barometer | Various topics. | 14+ | 2003–2008 | [2] |
European Quality of Life Survey | Social issues. | 34 | 2003– | [2] |
Global Corruption Barometer | Corruption. | 107 | 2003– | [2] [22] |
Americas Barometer | Various topics. | 29 | 2004– | [2] [23] |
Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe | Social issues. | 28 | 2004– | [2] [24] |
EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions | Social issues. | 28 | 2004– | [2] [25] |
European Internal Movers Social Survey | Migration. | 5 | 2004–2005 | [2] |
European Crime and Safety Survey | Crime and safety. | 18 | 2005– | [2] |
Gallup World Poll | Various topics. | 160 | 2005– | [2] [26] |
Life in Transition Survey | Various topics. | 35 | 2006, 2010, 2016 | [2] [27] |
Caucasus Barometer | Various topics. | 3 | 2006– | [2] |
East Asian Social Survey | Social issues. | 4 | 2006– | [2] [28] |
The Surveillance Project | Surveillance. | 9 | 2006–2007 | [2] |
Arab Barometer | Various topics. | 12 | 2007– | [2] [29] |
Integrated and United? A Quest for Citizenship in an Ever Closer Europe | Perceptions of citizenship. | 18 | 2007, 2009 | [2] |
Transatlantic Trends: Immigration | Global issues and immigration. | 8 | 2008–2011 | [2] |
Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies | Economic skills and problem-solving. | 40+ | 2008– | [2] [30] |
Household Finance and Consumption Survey | Social issues. | 20 | 2010– | [2] [31] |
Making Electoral Democracy Work | Political issues. | 5 | 2010, 2015 | [2] [32] |
Crossing Borders Making Europe | European integration. | 6 | 2011–2014 | [2] [33] |
EU Neighbourhood Barometer | Perceptions of the EU. | 16 | 2012–2014 | [2] [34] |
Eurobarometer is a series of public opinion surveys conducted regularly on behalf of the European Commission and other EU institutions since 1973. These surveys address a wide variety of topical issues relating to the European Union throughout its member states.
Cognitive pretesting, or cognitive interviewing, is a field research method where data is collected on how the subject answers interview questions. It is the evaluation of a test or questionnaire before it's administered. It allows survey researchers to collect feedback regarding survey responses and is used in evaluating whether the question is measuring the construct the researcher intends. The data collected is then used to adjust problematic questions in the questionnaire before fielding the survey to the full sample of people.
The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a collaboration between different nations conducting surveys covering topics which are useful for social science research. The ISSP researchers develop questions which are meaningful and relevant to all countries which can be expressed in an equal manner in different languages. The results of the surveys provide a cross-national and cross-cultural perspective to individual national studies. By 2021, 58 countries have already taken part in the ISSP.
Accurate demographics of atheism are difficult to obtain since conceptions of atheism vary considerably across different cultures and languages, ranging from an active concept to being unimportant or not developed. Also in some countries and regions atheism carries a strong stigma, making it harder to count atheists in these countries. In global studies, the number of people without a religion is usually higher than the number of people without a belief in a deity and the number of people who agree with statements on lacking a belief in a deity is usually higher than the number of people who self-identify as "atheists".
The German General Social Survey (ALLBUS/GGSS - Die Allgemeine Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften) is a national data generation program in Germany, which is similar to the American General Social Survey (GSS). Its mission is to collect and disseminate high quality statistical surveys on attitudes, behavior, and social structure in Germany.
Religion in the European Union is diverse. The largest religion in the EU is Christianity, which accounted for 72.8% of EU population as of 2018. Smaller groups include those of Islam, Buddhism, Judaism, Hinduism, and some East Asian religions, most concentrated in Germany and France. Also present are revival movements of pre-Christianity European folk religions including Heathenism, Rodnovery, Romuva, and Druidry.
TARKI Social Research Institute is an independent research centre located in Budapest, Hungary. TARKI conducts applied socioeconomic research in social stratification, labour markets, income distribution, intergenerational transfers, tax-benefit systems, consumption and lifestyle patterns and attitudes in Hungary and, in the majority of its projects, in Europe. TARKI is closely embedded in international collaborations with major European academic partners in various research projects. Senior staff at TARKI all have PhDs with substantive and methodological interests and many hold professorial appointments at major universities. TARKI has its own fieldwork apparatus, capable of carrying out regular empirical surveys on social structure and on attitudes and of managing large scale international research. TARKI also carries out the Hungarian fieldwork of various high-quality international surveys.
The University of Michigan Institute for Social Research (ISR) is the largest academic social research and survey organization in the world, established in 1949. ISR includes more than 300 scientists from a variety of academic disciplines – including political science, psychology, sociology, economics, demography, history, anthropology, and statistics. The institute is a unit that houses five separate but interdependent centers which conduct research and maintain data archives. In 2021, Kathleen Cagney became the first woman in its history to be named Director of the institute.
A new measure of expected human capital calculated for 195 countries from 1990 to 2016 and defined for each birth cohort as the expected years lived from age 20 to 64 years and adjusted for educational attainment, learning or education quality, and functional health status was published by The Lancet in September 2018. Latvia had the twenty-first highest level of expected human capital with 23 health, education, and learning-adjusted expected years lived between age 20 and 64 years.
Erik Berglöf is a Swedish economist, currently the Chief Economist of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the Beijing-based multilateral development bank established in 2016 with a mission to improve social and economic outcomes in Asia. In March 2019 Erik Berglöf was appointed to the European Council's High Level Group of Wise Persons on the European financial architecture for development where Berglöf and eight other economists will suggest changes to the EU's development finance structure. In 2017–2018 Erik Berglöf served on the secretariat of the G20 Eminent Persons Group on Global Financial Governance and on the Governing Board of the Institute for New Economic Thinking in New York.
The GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences is the largest German infrastructure institute for the social sciences. It is headquartered in Mannheim, with a location in Cologne. With basic research-based services and consulting covering all levels of the scientific process, GESIS supports researchers in the social sciences. As of 2017, the president of GESIS is Christof Wolf.
The World Happiness Report is a report by the United Nations that measures national happiness. Data is primarily from the Gallup World Poll and based on respondent ratings of their own lives.
The Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) is a series of panel surveys on families, life course trajectories and gender relations administered by the Generations and Gender Programme to improve demographic and social developments among several countries in Europe as well as Australia and Japan. The programme has collected at least one wave of surveys in more than 19 countries, with an average of 9,000 respondents per country. The importance of the GGS data is documented by its uptake in the research community, generating over 1,200 peer-reviewed publications. It was launched by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, as a successor to its previous Fertility and Family Survey in the 1990s.
Myron Kent Jennings is an American political scientist best known for his path-breaking work on the patterns and development of political preferences and behaviors among young Americans. He is widely held in libraries worldwide and is recognized as one of the "founding fathers" of political socialization research and theory. He is Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Santa Barbara and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Michigan. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1982, and served as the president of the International Society of Political Psychology in 1989–1990 and as the president of the American Political Science Association in 1997–1998.
The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) is a collaborative research project among national election studies around the world. Participating countries and polities include a common module of survey questions in their national post-election studies. The resulting data are collated together along with voting, demographic, district and macro variables into one dataset allowing comparative analysis of voting behavior from a multilevel perspective.
This article details the geographical distribution of speakers of the Italian language, regardless of the legislative status within the countries where it is spoken. In addition to the Italian-speaking area in Europe, Italian-speaking minorities are present in few countries.
Dutch speakers, or Batavophones, are globally concentrated in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname. Dutch is also spoken in minority areas through Europe and in many immigrant communities in all over the world. Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch, but is regarded as a separate language and will not be analyzed in this article.
The Asian Barometer Survey is a comparative survey of 18 Asian states and territories. These include Japan, Mongolia, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, China, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. It is organised by the Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University. Its founders are members of the Global Barometer Survey group. The data is gathered with face-to-face interviews, which cover topics ranging from economic conditions and social capital, to political participation, partisanship, traditionalism, and trust in institutions.
The Microdata Information System (MISSY) is a database-driven online system that provides structured metadata about selected research data of official statistics free of charge as part of the service infrastructure of the German Microdata Lab (GML) at GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences. MISSY is targeted at empirically-working scientists who use official microdata for their research.
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