List of edible salts

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Edible salts, also known as table salts, are salts generally derived from mining (rock salt) or evaporation (including sea salt). Edible salts may be identified by such characteristics as their geographic origin, method of preparation, natural impurities, additives, flavourings, or intended purpose (such as pickling or curing).

NameImageTypeNotes
Alaea salt Alaea salt.jpg SeasonedA Hawaiian-style sea salt mixed with a red volcanic clay.
Alpenbergkern saltRockSalt from the Salzkammergut area in the Alps. This salt contains 84 minerals. Its high iron content gives it a unique tan color.
Anatolian (Çankırı) saltRockFrom underground salt deposits in Çankırı, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Rocks have a white translucent appearance. There are many caves in the province that are used for salt mining since the Hittites.
Anglesey sea salt (Halen Môn)SeaA Welsh sea salt extracted from salt flakes harvested from the Menai Strait in Anglesey (PDO). [1]
Asín tibuok Asin Tibuok, an artisanal salt from Alburquerque, Bohol.jpg SeaLiterally "whole salt" or "unbroken salt". A rare Filipino traditional artisanal sea salt made from continually soaking coconut husks in seawater for six months then burning it into ashes. Seawater is then poured through the ashes and the resulting brine boiled in clay pots in a furnace. The result is an egg-shaped lump of salt. It is characteristically sold with the upside down broken clay pot, earning it the nickname of "dinosaur egg salt" due to its appearance. Used as seasoning by scraping over food. It originates from Bohol island, Philippines. [2] [3]
Bahamas sea saltSeaSea salt has been produced on Great Inagua Island since the 1930s. The Morton Salt Company bought the facility in 1954. This site, comprising 300,000 acres on Great Inagua Island, produces about a million pounds of salt per year‚ the second largest saline operation in North America. Bahamas sea salt can be found in grocery stores and supermarkets in the United States. [4]
Balinese sea salt Amed Traditional Salt Maker.jpg SeaThis seawater is poured over a flat area of raked black sand and left to evaporate for several days. The dry salty sand is gathered and transferred into a series of coconut trunk vats. More sea water is then poured over the salty sand—this filtering process can be repeated several times, until the briny liquid reaches its briniest. The brine is poured into long hollow tree trunks and left to evaporate completely for a final time. Amed, [5] Kusamba, [6] and Tejakula [7] are regions that produce Balinese sea salt.
Black lava salt Black Salt.jpg SeasonedA salt colored with activated charcoal. Hawaiian manufacture among others.
Brine SoluzioneSale.jpg A saltwater used in the preservation of food.
Butter salt SeasonedSalt with butter flavouring.
Celery salt Celery Salt, Penzeys Spices, Arlington Heights MA.jpg SeasonedSalt seasoned with celery seeds.
Cooking salt Comparison of Table Salt with Kitchen Salt.png A coarse salt that is used in cooking but not at the table.
Croatian sea saltSeaEvaporated from Adriatic sea water collected in salt pans at the town of Nin, Croatia.
Curing salt Prague powder No 1.jpg A salt containing sodium nitrite, used in the preservation of meats. [8]
Cyclic salt CyclicAny salt deposited by the wind.
Cyprian pyramid saltSeaFlakes shapes resembling pyramids evaporated from salt pans around the island of Cyprus.
Çamaltı (Billur) saltSeaFine grain iodized sea salt produced from Aegean Sea in Çamaltı Saltworks located at İzmir, Turkey.
Dairy salt Salting butter at Briarcliff Farms.jpg Salt used in the preparation of dairy products, such as butter and cheese, either to add flavour or as a preservative.
Dead Sea salt Kristally so dna Mertvogo moria.jpg SeaSalt extracted or taken from the Dead Sea.
Egyptian frost saltRockCrystalline salt that takes its name from its texture similar to frost.
Einville salt SeaBrine is pumped to the surface of a well from 200 meters below ground and evaporated to produce the salt. Production is by Salines d'Einville, located in Einville-au-Jard, in Lorraine, France. Pétales de sel resemble fleurs de sel. Activity began in 1871, renewed in 1988. [9] Similar to salt produced by the J.Q. Dickinson Salt-Works in the Kanawha Valley in West Virginia and Maras salt from Peru.
Flake salt A type of salt with flake-shaped crystals
Fleur de sel FleurDeSel.JPG SeaA hand-harvested sea salt, typically from France.
Garam Bledug KuwuMudA salt from mud volcano in Grobogan Regency. [10]
Garam nipahPalmA salt from Nypa fruticans in Jambi and Papua. [11] [12]
Garlic salt GarlicSalt.jpg SeasonedSalt mixed with garlic powder.
Guerrero negroSeaOne of the largest producers of salt in the world, producing evaporated sea salt from the Guerrero Negro, Mexico Salt pans.
Halite Selpologne.jpg RockThe mineral term for rock salt.
Himalayan salt Himalaya-Salz-1.jpg RockA rock salt with a pink color, mined in Pakistan.
Ilocano AsinSeaEvaporated in salt ponds and hand harvested at Pangasinan province in the Philippines. Ilocano Asin is coarse, moist, and white.
Jukyeom Bambussalz-rr.jpg SeasonedA Korean salt roasted in bamboo. Also known as "bamboo salt."
Kalahari SaltSeaFrom the Kalahari Desert salt pans.
Kala Namak Black Salt (crystals).jpg RockKalo Nun or Kala namak is a kiln-fired rock salt used in South Asia with a sulphurous, pungent-smell.

It is also known as "Himalayan black salt."

Kampot sea salt Baskets of Kampot sea salt.jpg SeaSea salt from coastal salt pans in the Kampot and Kep provinces of Cambodia.
Kanawha Valley saltSeaProduced by the J. Q. Dickenson Salt Works in Malden, West Virginia. [13] Brine is pumped to the surface from 300 feet below ground and evaporated to produce the salt. Similar to Einville salt and salt from Maras in Peru.
Khoisan salt pearlsCyclicSouth African salt formed by wind action across a salt pan.
Kitchen salt Comparison of Table Salt with Kitchen Salt.png A coarse salt that is used in cooking but not at the table.
Korean salt Korean sea salt.jpg Has a larger grain-size compared to common kitchen salt. Also known as "Korean brining salt."
Kosher salt Kosher Salt.JPG A large-grained, non-iodised salt.
Lake Grassmere saltSeaSeawater, from the Pacific Ocean, is pumped into Lake Grassmere, New Zealand and evaporated.
Maldon Sea Salt Maldon Sea Salt Flakes.png SeaSea salt flakes harvested in the River Blackwater, Essex, UK. [14]
Maras salt SeaSalt ponds are more commonly found on coastal plains, filled with seawater from the incoming tide. The ones in Peru are at an altitude of 3,000 metres. It’s a long way to the ocean, but it wasn’t always so; this impressive mountain range was once part the sea floor.

The movement of tectonic plates pushed the seabed up to form the Andes. The sea salt was locked into the rocks and filters out through the Qoripujio spring, which is then routed to roughly 5,000 evap ponds staggered down the valley in terraces.

Mongolian lake salt Baikal lake.jpg SeaEvaporated from saline lakes in inner Mongolia.
Moshio salt SeasonedDried seaweed that is boiled in sea water to form a brine which is then crystalized.
Murray River salt flakesSeaSalt from the Australian Murray River basin. Peach-coloured flake salt. The salt contains calcium and magnesium and has a relatively mild taste.
Namibian salt pearlsCyclicFormed naturally by the Berg wind as they tumble on the water's edge.
Netarts Bay, Oregon saltSeaPure flake sea salt is harvested from Netarts Bay on the Oregon Coast by Jacobsen Salt Company, founded in 2011. [15]
Onion salt SeasonedSalt mixed with onion powder.
Persian blue salt PersianBlue.jpg RockExtracted from a salt mine in the northern province of Semnan in Iran. The intriguing blue colour occurs during the forming of the salt’s crystalline structure, as intense pressure is exerted on the salt deposits. The individual crystals fracture the light in an unusual way and the resulting blue (which is caused by an optical illusion), becomes visible.
Pickling salt Pickling supplies and ingredients.jpg A fine-grained, non-iodised salt used for pickling.
River reed salt A salt produced by burning river reeds from along the Nzoia River in Kenya.
Sal de Tavira SeaA Portuguese sea salt extracted from salt pans on the Atlantic coast (PDO). [16]
Sale Marino di Trapani Trapani Salzlager.jpg SeaAn Italian sea salt extracted from the salt pans of Trapani, Paceco and Marsala (PGI). [17]
Sea salt France-Noirmoutier-Sel brut.jpg SeaGeneric term for salt derived from evaporation or reduction of salt water, typically sea water. Mineral content varies with locale and drying process.
Seasoned salt Seasoned Salt, Penzeys Spices, Arlington Heights MA.jpg SeasonedAny salt which has been flavoured.
Sel gris Gros sel gris et fleur de sel.jpg SeaA French-style sea salt. It tends to be grey in color and somewhat moist.
Sel de Guérande Mulon de sel.png SeaA French sea salt from the salt marshes of the Guérande Peninsula (PGI). [18]
Smoked salt Smoked-Salt 008.jpg SeasonedFlavor altered by type of wood used or length of smoke process
Sugpo AsinSeaA Filipino traditional artisanal salt. Sugpo Asin are hollow crystals that are ever-so-slightly-pink due to the shrimp that live in the salt beds from which this particular salt is harvested. It originates from Pangasinan, Philippines.
TultulAlso known as "dukdok." A Filipino traditional artisanal sea salt made by burning waterlogged driftwood and plant matter. Seawater is then filtered through the ashes and the resulting brine is added to coconut milk and boiled until the water evaporates. It is sold in brick-like lumps. Used as seasoning by scraping over food. It originates from Guimaras island and Capiz, Philippines.
Truffle saltSeasonedAny salt which has been flavoured with truffles.
Utah saltRockFrom an underground salt deposit in Central Utah. The deposit was left there by an ancient sea that covered much of North America millions of years ago.
Yellowstone saltRockFrom a subterranean deposit brought to the surface by spring water and evaporated.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salinity</span> Proportion of salt dissolved in water

Salinity is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water. It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soil salinity</span> Salt content in the soil

Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salination can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean. It can also come about through artificial processes such as irrigation and road salt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sodium chloride</span> Chemical compound with formula NaCl

Sodium chloride, commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is deicing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sea salt</span> Salt produced from the evaporation of seawater

Sea salt is salt that is produced by the evaporation of seawater. It is used as a seasoning in foods, cooking, cosmetics and for preserving food. It is also called bay salt, solar salt, or simply salt. Like mined rock salt, production of sea salt has been dated to prehistoric times.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammonium chloride</span> Chemical compound

Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4Cl, also written as [NH4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It consists of ammonium cations [NH4]+ and chloride anions Cl−. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. In its naturally occurring mineralogic form, it is known as salammoniac. The mineral is commonly formed on burning coal dumps from condensation of coal-derived gases. It is also found around some types of volcanic vents. It is mainly used as fertilizer and a flavouring agent in some types of liquorice. It is a product of the reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salt lake</span> Landlocked body of water which has a high concentration of salts

A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes. In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed hypersaline lakes, and may also be pink lakes on account of their colour. An alkalic salt lake that has a high content of carbonate is sometimes termed a soda lake.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salt evaporation pond</span> Shallow artificial pond designed to extract salts from sea water or other brines,

A salt evaporation pond is a shallow artificial salt pan designed to extract salts from sea water or other brines. The salt pans are shallow and expansive, allowing sunlight to penetrate and reach the seawater. Natural salt pans are formed through geologic processes, where evaporating water leaves behind salt deposits. Some salt evaporation ponds are only slightly modified from their natural version, such as the ponds on Great Inagua in the Bahamas, or the ponds in Jasiira, a few kilometres south of Mogadishu, where seawater is trapped and left to evaporate in the sun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of salt</span> Role in human culture

Salt, also referred to as table salt or by its chemical formula NaCl, is an ionic compound made of sodium and chloride ions. All life depends on its chemical properties to survive. It has been used by humans for thousands of years, from food preservation to seasoning. Salt's ability to preserve food was a founding contributor to the development of civilization. It helped eliminate dependence on seasonal availability of food, and made it possible to transport food over large distances. However, salt was often difficult to obtain, so it was a highly valued trade item, and was considered a form of currency by many societies, including Rome. According to Pliny the Elder, Roman soldiers were paid in salt, from which the word salary is derived, although this is disputed by historians. Many salt roads, such as the Via Salaria in Italy, had been established by the Bronze Age.

<i>Fleur de sel</i> Type of sea salt, used as a garnish

Fleur de sel or flor de sal is a salt that forms as a thin, delicate crust on the surface of seawater as it evaporates. Fleur de sel has been collected since ancient times, and was traditionally used as a purgative and salve. It is now used as a finishing salt to flavor and garnish food. The origin of the name is uncertain, but is perfectly in line with both meanings of fleur: the surface of something and its best part; the fact the salt crust also might form flower-like patterns of crystals might be of influence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guérande</span> Commune in Pays de la Loire, France

Guérande is a medieval town located in the department of Loire-Atlantique, and the region of Pays de la Loire, Western France. The inhabitants are referred to as Guérandais (masculine), and Guérandaise (feminine).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alkali soil</span> Soil type with pH > 8.5

Alkali, or Alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH, a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils. Alkaline soils are basic, but not all basic soils are alkaline.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bittern (salt)</span> Solution from evaporation of seawater or brine

Bittern, or nigari, is the salt solution formed when halite precipitates from seawater or brines. Bitterns contain magnesium, calcium, and potassium ions as well as chloride, sulfate, iodide, and other ions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypersaline lake</span> Landlocked body of water that contains concentrations of salts greater than the sea

A hypersaline lake is a landlocked body of water that contains significant concentrations of sodium chloride, brines, and other salts, with saline levels surpassing those of ocean water.

La Presqu’île de Guérande is an Atlantic destination located in the North-West of France, between the Loire estuary and the mouth of the Vilaine. It encompasses about 20 towns split up into two departments: Morbihan and Loire-Atlantique. This area is often called Guérande Peninsula, partly because of Guérande, a scenic town that triggers off images of a medieval town and the salt marshes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sel gris</span> Coarse granular sea salt evaporite

Sel gris is a coarse granular sea salt popularized by the French. Sel gris comes from the same solar evaporation salt pans as fleur de sel but is harvested differently; it is allowed to come into contact with the bottom of the salt pan before being raked, hence its gray color. Sel gris is coarser than fleur de sel but is also a moist salt, typically containing 13 percent residual moisture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Côte d'amour</span> Northwestern Atlantic coast of Pays de la Loire, France

The Côte d'Amour is a name given to part of the north western Atlantic coast of the Pays de la Loire region in France. It runs from Le Traict de Pen Bé to the mouth of the Loire in Saint-Nazaire, both of which are in the Loire-Atlantique department.

<i>Krupuk</i> Southeast Asian deep fried crackers

Krupuk (Javanese) is an Indonesian deep fried crackers made from starch and other ingredients that serve as flavouring. They are a popular snack in parts of Southeast Asia, but most closely associated with Indonesia. Kroepoek also can be found in the Netherlands, through their historic colonial ties with Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asín tibuok</span> Filipino artisanal salt

Asín tibuók is a rare Filipino artisanal sea salt from the Boholano people made from filtering seawater through ashes. A related artisanal salt is known as túltul or dúkdok among the Ilonggo people. It is made similarly to asín tibuók but is boiled with gatâ.

The Groupe Salins, whose main component is the Compagnie des Salins du Midi et des Salines de l'Est, is one of the leading salt producers in Europe. It is exclusively dedicated to the production and marketing of salt.

Halen Môn is a salt-producing company in Anglesey, Wales on the bank of the Menai Strait. Its sea salt, a fleur de sel, has been given Protected Designation of Origin status. It was founded in 1997 by Alison and David Lea-Wilson, who also started the Anglesey Sea Zoo.

References

  1. ↑ "'Anglesey Sea Salt'/'Halen Môn'". OJEU . Retrieved 2014-03-22.
  2. ↑ "Asin Tibuok Unbroken Salt". Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  3. ↑ "'Asin tibuok' at Kitchen Elf". The Philippine Star. 14 December 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  4. ↑ "Morton Salt Factory - Explore the Bahamas - the Official Website of the Bahamas".
  5. ↑ Aisyah, Yuharrani; Tiofani, Krisda. "Mengulik Garam Amed Asli Karangasem Bali, Jadi Warisan Budaya Takbenda Indonesia". kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  6. ↑ "Kerajinan Garam Tradisional/Uyah Kusamba". baliprov.go.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  7. ↑ Wiratmini, Ni Putu Eka. "Garam Tejakula Lebih Mudah Tembus Ekspor Ketimbang Pasar Lokal". bisnis.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  8. ↑ Bitterman, M. (2010). "Salt Reference Guide". Salted: A Manifesto on the World's Most Essential Mineral, with Recipes. Random House. p. 187. ISBN   978-1-58008-262-4 . Retrieved 2013-08-16.
  9. ↑ "Saline d'Einville". www.saline-einville.com. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  10. ↑ Nuswantoro, Nuswantoro. "Kisah Lasiyem, Petani Garam Terakhir Bledug Kuwu". mongabay.co.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  11. ↑ Plasmanto, Gresi. "Cara Unik Warga Jambi Ciptakan Garam Sendiri". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  12. ↑ "Pesona Garam Hitam Alami Mirip Arang yang Kaya Manfaat, Tertarik Coba?". daaitv.co.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  13. ↑ MESH. "J. Q. Dickinson Salt-Works". J. Q. Dickinson Salt-Works. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  14. ↑ "The History of Maldon Salt, the Stuff You Already Put on Everything". 31 March 2017.
  15. ↑ "Pure Sea Salt".
  16. ↑ "'Sal de Tavira'/'Flor de Sal de Tavira'". OJEU . Retrieved 2014-03-22.
  17. ↑ "'Sale Marino di Trapani'". OJEU . Retrieved 2014-03-22.
  18. ↑ "'Sel de Guérande/Fleur de sel de Guérande'". OJEU . Retrieved 2014-03-22.
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