List of non-marine molluscs of Iran

Location of Iran

The non-marine molluscs of Iran are a part of the molluscan fauna of Iran, which is part of the (wildlife of Iran).

Summary table of species in the wild of Iran

Mollusc	Number
Freshwater gastropods	73 [1]
Land gastropods	132
Total gastropods	1,055
Marine gastropods	850
Bivalves	??
non-marine molluscs	??

Freshwater gastropods

27 freshwater gastropod species (37% of freshwater gastropod species in Iran) are endemic to Iran. ^[1]

Species of freshwater gastropods of Iran include:

Neritidae

• Neritina mesopotamica Martens 1879 ^[1] - the first report in Iran was in 2001 ^[2]
• Neritina cinctellus (Martens, 1874) ^[1]
• Neritina euphratica Mousson, 1874 ^{[1] [2]}
• Theodoxus jordani (Sowerby I, 1836) ^[3]
• Theodoxus major Issel, 1865 ^[3] - mentioned by Glöer & Pešić (2012) as Theodoxus lituratus (Eichwald, 1838)
• Theodoxus pallidus Dunker, 1861 ^{[1] [3]}

Viviparidae

• Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822) ^{[2] [1]}
• Bellamya hilmandensis (Kobelt, 1909) ^[1]

Melanopsidae

• Melanopsis costata (Olivier, 1804) ^{[2] [1]}
• Melanopsis doriae Issel, 1865 ^{[2] [1]}
• Melanopsis kotschyi Philippi, 1847 ^[1]
• Melanopsis sp. ^[1] - Mansoorian (2001) listed Melanopsis from Iran as Melanopsis nodosa Mousson, 1874 ^[2] and as Melanopsis praemorsa (Linnaeus, 1758), ^[2] but Glöer and Pešić (2012) ^[1] claimed that there are nine possible names for this species and that further study is necessary to establish under which name or names the Iranian populations should be placed. ^[1]

Potamididae

• Cerithidea cingulata (Gmelin, 1790) ^[1]

Thiaridae

• Thiara scabra (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[1]
• Melanoides tuberculata (O. F. Müller, 1774) ^{[2] [1]}

Bithyniidae

• Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) - This species most probably does not occur in Iran. ^[1]
• Bithynia forcarti Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]
• Bithynia starmuehlneri Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]
• Bithynia mazandaranensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]
• Bithynia cf. ejecta Mousson, 1874 ^[1]
• Bithynia rubens (Menke, 1830) ^[1] - questionable taxonomic status ^[1]
• Bithynia sistanica (Annandale & Prashad, 1919) ^[1]
• Pseudobithynia irana Glöer & Pešić, 2006 ^[1]
• Pseudobithynia zagrosia Glöer & Pešić, 2009 ^[1]

Cochliopidae

• Heleobia dalmatica (Radoman, 1974) ^[1]

Hydrobiidae

• Hydrobia acuta (Draparnaud, 1805) ^[1]
• Ecrobia grimmi (Clessin & Dybowski, 1888) ^[1]
• Pseudamnicola kotschyi von Frauenfeld, 1863 ^[1]
• Pseudamnicola saboori Glöer & Pešić, 2009 ^[1]
• Pseudamnicola zagrosensis Glöer & Pešić, 2009 ^[1]
• Pseudamnicola raddei Boettger, 1889 ^[1]
• Pseudamnicola georgievi Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]
• Kaskakia khorrasanensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]
• Sarkhia sarabensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]
• Sarkhia kermanshahensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) ^[1]
• Belgrandiella elburensis (Starmühlner & Edlauer, 1957) ^[1]
• Hauffenia erythropomatia (Hauffen, 1856) ^[1]

Moitessieridae

• Trogloiranica tashanica Fatemil, Malek-Hosseini, Falniowski, Hofman, Kuntner & Grego, 2019 ^[4]

Stenothyridae

• Stenothyra arabica Neubert, 1998 ^[1]
• Gangetia uzielliana (Issel, 1866) ^[1]
• Farsithyra farsensis Glöer & Pešić, 2009 ^[1]

Valvatidae

• Valvata cristata O. F. Müller, 1774 ^[1]
• Valvata piscinalis O. F. Müller, 1774 ^[1]
• Valvata nowshahrensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]

Acroloxidae

• Acroloxus pseudolacustris Glöer & Pešić, 2012 ^[1]

Lymnaeidae

• Radix persica (Issel, 1865) ^[1]
• Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1785) ^[1] - Radix auricularia gedrosiana Annandale & Prashad, 1919 ^[2]
• Radix bactriana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919) ^[1]
• Radix iranica (Annandale & Prashad, 1919) ^[1]
• Radix gedrosiana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919) - Radix gedrosiana gedrosiana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919). ^[1] Radix gedrosiana rectilabrum is endemic to Iran. ^[1]
• Radix hordeum (Mousson, 1874) ^[1]
• Radix labiata (Rossmaessler, 1835) ^[1]
• Galba truncatula (Müller, 1774) ^{[2] [1]}
• Galba schirazensis Küster, 1862 ^[1]
• Stagnicola sp. - Most probably, the species reported from Iran as Stagnicola palustris represents an undescribed species. ^[1] It is not possible to identify or eventually describe this species according to shells only as new to science without anatomical studies. ^[1]
• Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1774) ^{[2] [1]}

Doubtful Lymnaeidae:

• Radix lagotis (Schrank, 1803) - It was recorded from Iran by Martens (1874) and by Biggs (1937), but this species most probably does not occur in Iran. ^[1]

Planorbidae

• Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827) ^{[2] [5] [1]}
• Planorbis intermixtus Mousson, 1874 ^{[2] [1]}
• Planorbis carinatus O. F. Müller, 1774 ^[1]
• Anisus leucostoma (Millet, 1813) ^[1]
• Anisus spirorbis (Linnaeus, 1758) ^[1]
• Anisus sp. - shells similar to Anisus vorticulus ^[1]
• Anisus vortex (Linnaeus, 1758) ^[1]
• Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat, 1852) ^[1]
• Gyraulus euphraticus (Mousson, 1874) ^{[2] [1]}
• Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton, 1849) ^[1]
• Gyraulus laevis (Alder, 1838) ^[1]
• Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes, 1834) ^[1]
• Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - the first report in Iran was in 2012 ^[1]
• Segmentina calatha (Benson, 1850) ^[1]
• Ferrissia isseli (Bourguignat, 1866) ^[1]

Physidae

• Physella acuta (Draparnaud, 1805) ^{[2] [1]}

Freshwater species excluded from the list:

• Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) - It was listed by Glöer & Pešić (2012) from Iran. ^[1] But Sands et al. (2012) found no evidence for the occurrence of this species. ^[3]
• Bithynia badiella (Küster, 1852) ^[1]
• Bithynia troschelii (Pasch, 1842) ^[1]
• Acroloxus lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758) - It was recorded by Lothar Forcart in 1935. ^[6] But an analysis of the two specimens from Forcart’s collection (NMB 11516a) identified as Acroloxus lacustris from Mazandaran Province shows that these specimens belong to Acroloxus pseudolacustris . ^[1]

Land gastropods

An unidentified gastropod from Iran

Species of land gastropods of Iran include:

Aciculidae

• Acicula persica Subai, 1981 ^[7]

Cyclophoridae

• Caspicyclotus sieversi (L. Pfeiffer, 1871) ^[8]

Pomatiidae

• Pomatias rivularis hyrcanus (E. von Martens, 1874) ^[8]

Carychiidae

• Carychium lederi O. Boettger, 1880 ^[8]
• Carychium minimum O. Boettger, 1880 ^[9]

Succineidae

• Oxyloma "pfeifferi" ^[8]
• Succinea putris (Linnaeus, 1758) ^[8]

Cochlicopidae

• Cochlicopa lubrica (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[8]

Enidae

• Buliminus alepensis (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) ^[10]
• Buliminus zarudnyi Lindholm, 1915 ^[10]
• Chondrula tridens (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[10]
• Geminula continens carmanica (Forcart, 1959) ^[10]
• Geminula continens continens (Rosen, 1892) ^[10]
• Geminula continens parthica (Forcart, 1959) ^[10]
• Geminula didymodus (O. Boettger, 1880) ^[10]
• Geminula dolmenensis Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Geminula ghilanensis (Issel, 1865) ^[10]
• Geminula isseliana (Bourguignat, 1865) ^[10]
• Geminula pyramidata Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Geminula urmiensis Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Georginapaeus hohenackeri (L. Pfeiffer, 1848) ^[10]
• Iranopsis carducha (E. von Martens, 1874) ^[10]
• Iranopsis granulata Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Ljudmilena sieversi (Mousson, 1873) ^[10]
• Merdigera obscura (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[10]
• Multidentula pupoides (Krynicki, 183) ^[10]
• Multidentula ridens (Nägele, 1906) ^[10]
• Ottorosenia varenzovi (Rosen, 1893) ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula arsaci Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula bondouxi Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula darii Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula orientalis Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula purus Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula seductilis scapa Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudochondrula tetrodon Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus alborsicus Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus asterabadensis (Kobelt, 1880) ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus blanfordianus (Kobelt, 1880) ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus demorgani Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus fusiformis Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus geoffreyi (Ancey, 1884) ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus hyrcanus (Lindholm, 1915) ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus ignoratus Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus kermanensis Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus menkhorsti Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus minutus Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus orculoides Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus schahrudensis (O. Boettger, 1889) ^[10]
• Pseudonapaeus sogdianus (E. von Martens, 1874) ^[10]
• Turanena herzi (O. Boettger, 1889) ^[10]
• Turanena pseudobscura Bank & Neubert, 2016 ^[10]

Chondrinidae

• Granopupa granum (Draparnaud, 1801) ^[8]
• Granopupa persica (Gittenberger, 1973) ^[11]

Gastrocoptidae

• Gastrocopta armigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) ^[12]

Lauriidae

• Lauria cylindracea (Da Costa, 1778) ^[8]
• Leiostyla iranica Gittenberger & Pieper, 1988 ^[13]

Orculidae

• Orculella pfeiferi Hausdorf, 1996 ^[14]
• Orculella ruderalis persica Hausdorf, 1996 ^[14]
• Orculella sirianocoriensis libanotica (Tristram, 1865) ^[14]
• Pagodulina lederi hyrcanica Gittenberger & Pieper, 1984 ^{[14] [15]}
• Pagodulina lederi lederi Gittenberger & Pieper, 1984 ^{[14] [15]}
• Schileykula scyphus crassa (Pilsbry, 1922) ^[14]
• Sphyradium doliolum Hausdorf, 1996 ^[14]

Pupillidae

• Pupoides coenopictus (T. Hutton, 1834) ^[8]

Truncatellinidae

• Truncatellina callicratis (Scacchi, 1833) ^[8]

Valloniidae

• Vallonia costata (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[8]
• Vallonia pulchella (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[8]

Vertiginidae

• Vertigo angustior Jeffreys, 1830 ^[9]
• Vertigo antivertigo (Draparnaud, 1801) ^[9]
• Vertigo pygmaea (Draparnaud, 1801) ^[9]

Clausiliidae

• Euxina achrafensis Nordsieck, 1995 ^[16]
• Caspiophaedusa perlucens gilanensis Nordsieck, 1978 ^[16]
• Caspiophaedusa perlucens perlucens (O. Boettger, 1877) ^[16]
• Euxina forcarti Nordsieck, 1995 ^[16]
• Euxina gastron Nordsieck, 1995 ^[16]
• Euxina lessonae (Issel, 1865) ^[16]
• Euxina mazanderanica Nordsieck, 1995 ^[16]
• Euxina patrisnemethi Németh & Szekeres, 2004 ^[17]
• Euxina talyschana Likharev, 1962 ^[16]
• Laeviphaedusa hyrcanica (Germain, 1933) ^{[16] [17]}
• Likharevia gilanensis Nordsieck, 1995 ^[16]
• Microphaedusa morgani Nordsieck, 1978 ^[16]
• Mucronaria duboisi (Charpentier, 1852) ^[16]
• Pravispira semilamellata (Mousson, 1863) ^[16]
• Serrulina sieversi (L. Pfeiffer, 1871) ^[16]
• Serrulinella senghanensis (Germain, 1933) ^[16]

Achatinidae

• Cecilioides acicula (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[18]
• Cecilioides raddei (O. Boettger, 1879) ^[9]
• Zootecus insularis (Ehrenberg, 1831) ^[18]

Punctidae

• Punctum pygmaeum (Draparnaud, 1801) ^[9]

Gastrodontidae

• Zonitoides nitidus (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[19]

Oxychilidae

• Aegopinella pura (Alder, 1830) ^{[19] [20]}
• Conulopolita sieversi (O. Boettger, 1879) ^{[19] [20]}
• Eopolita derbentina (O. Boettger, 1886) ^{[19] [20]}
• Gastranodon siaretanus (O. Boettger, 1889) ^[21]
• Iranoxychilus herzi (O. Boettger, 1889) ^{[19] [20]}
• Oxychilus caspius caspius (O. Boettger, 1800) ^{[19] [20]}
• Oxychilus caspius disciformis Riedel, 1959 ^{[19] [20]}
• Oxychilus concinnus (Krynicki, 1836) ^{[19] [20]}
• Oxychilus filicum (Krynicki, 1836) ^{[19] [20]}
• Oxychilus hobbit Riedel, 1981 ^[19]
• Oxychilus patulaeformis (O. Boettger, 1889) ^{[19] [20]}
• Oxychilus subeffusus (O. Boettger, 1879) ^{[19] [20]}
• Perpolita petronella (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) ^{[19] [20]}
• Schistophallus elegans (O. Boettger, 1881) ^{[19] [20]}
• Schistophallus hyrcanus (Riedel, 1981) ^[19]

Pristilomatidae

• Vitrea contortula (Krynicki, 1837) ^{[19] [20]}
• Vitrea morgani Riedel, 1966 ^{[19] [20]}
• Vitrea pygmaea (O. Boettger, 1880) ^{[19] [20]}
• Vitrea saboori Neubert & Bössneck, 2013 ^[22]

Parmacellidae

• Parmacella ibera (Draparnaud, 1801) ^[9]

Trigonochlamydidae

• Hyrcanolestes velitaris (Martens, 1880) ^[23]
• Parmacellilla filipowitschi Simroth, 1910 ^[24]

Agriolimacidae

• Deroceras spec. cf. bakurianum (Simroth, 1912) ^[25]
• Deroceras caucasicum (Simroth, 1901) ^[25]
• Krynickillus melanocephalus Kaleniczenko, 1851 ^[25]
• Lytopelte maculata (Koch et Heynemann, 1874) ^[25]

Limacidae

• Caspilimax keyserlingi (E. von Martens, 1880) ^[8]

Vitrinidae

• Oligolimax annularis (S. Studer, 1820) ^[8]

Geomitridae

• Helicopsis aelleni Hausdorf, 1996 ^[26]
• Helicopsis persica Hausdorf & Bössneck, 2016 ^[27]
• Xeropicta krynickii (Krynicki, 1833) ^[8]

Helicidae

• Caucasotachea leucoranea (Mousson, 1863) ^[28]
• Eobania vermiculata (O.F. Müller, 1774) ^[29]
• Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758 ^[30]
• Helix salomonica Nägele, 1899 ^[30]
• Levantina ceratomma (L. Pfeiffer, 1856) ^[31]
• Levantina djulfensis (Dubois de Montpéreux, 1840) ^[31]
• Levantina ghilanica (Mousson, 1876) ^[31]
• Levantina mahanica (Kobelt, 1910) ^[31]
• Levantina mazenderanensis (Kobelt, 1883) ^[31]

Hygromiidae

• Diplobursa pisiformis (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) ^[8]
• Harmozica ravergiensis (Férussac, 1835) ^[8]
• Monacha obstructa (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) ^[18]
• Monacha syriaca (Ehrenberg, 1831) ^[8]
• Stenomphalia selecta (Klika, 1894) ^[8]

Freshwater bivalves

Species of freshwater bivalves of Iran include:

See also

• List of marine molluscs of Iran

Lists of molluscs of surrounding countries:

• List of non-marine molluscs of Armenia
• List of non-marine molluscs of Azerbaijan
• List of non-marine molluscs of Turkmenistan
• List of non-marine molluscs of Kazakhstan
• List of non-marine molluscs of Russia
• List of non-marine molluscs of Afghanistan
• List of non-marine molluscs of Pakistan
• List of non-marine molluscs of Iraq
• List of non-marine molluscs of Turkey

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference ^[1]

1. Glöer, P.; Pešić, V. (2012). "The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species". ZooKeys (219): 11–61. Bibcode:2012ZooK..219...11G. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.219.3406 . PMID   22977349.
2. Mansoorian A. (2001). "Freshwater Gastropod of Khuzestan Province, South-West Iran". Iranian Int. J. Sci.2(2): 9 pp. PDF ^{[ permanent dead link ]}.
3. Sands, Arthur F.; Glöer, Peter; Gürlek, Mustafa E.; Albrecht, Christian; Neubauer, Thomas A. (3 February 2020). "A revision of the extant species of Theodoxus (Gastropoda, Neritidae) in Asia, with the description of three new species". Zoosystematics and Evolution. 96 (1): 25–66. doi: 10.3897/zse.96.48312 .
4. Fatemil, Y.; Malek-Hosseini, M.J.; Falniowski, A.; Hofman, S.; Kuntner, M.; Grego, J. (2019). "Description of a new genus and species as the first gastropod species from caves in Iran". Journal of Cave and Karst Studies . 81: 233–243. doi:10.4311/2019LSC0105.
5. Chu, K. Y.; Massoud, J.; Arfaa, F. (1968). "Distribution and Ecology of Bulinus truncatus in Khuzestan, Iran". Bulletin of the World Health Organization . 39 (4): 607–637. PMC   2554403 . PMID   5304436.
6. Forcart, L (1935). "Die Mollusken der nordpersischen Provinz Masenderan und ihre tiergeographische Bedeutung". Archiv für Naturgeschichte . Nueue Folge. 4 (3): 404–447.
7. Subai, P. (1981). "Eine neue Acicula-Art aus dem Iran (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 111 (1/3): 47–48.
8. Starmühlner, F.; Edlauer, A. (1957). "Ergebnisse der Österreichischen Iran-Expedition 1949/50. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Molluskenfauna des Iran". Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschafte. 166 (9–10): 435–494.
9. Forcart, L. (1935). "Die Mollusken der nordpersischen Provinz Masenderan und ihre tiergeographische Bedeutung". Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Neue Folge. 4 (3): 404–448.
10. Bank, R.A.; Neubert, E. (2016). "Notes on Enidae, 7. Revision of the Enidae of Iran, with special reference to the collection of Jacques de Morgan (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". Vita Malacologica. 14: 1–84.
11. Gittenberger, E.; Kokshoorn, B.; Bößneck, U.; Reijnen, B.; Groenenberg, D. (25 May 2016). "Granopupa in Iran, monophyly, and the fossil Granariinae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Chondrinidae)". ZooKeys (592): 27–37. Bibcode:2016ZooK..592...27G. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.592.7907 . PMC   4926635 . PMID   27408543.
12. Meng, S.; Bössneck, U. (2018). "Gastrocopta armigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) and Gastrocopta theeli (Westerlund, 1877) in western Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, and their further occurrence in Asia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pupilloidea)". ZooKeys (807): 1–11. Bibcode:2018ZooK..807....1M. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.807.29113 .
13. Gittenberger, E.; Pieper, H. (1988). "Eine neue Leiostyla-Art aus dem Iran (Pulmonata: Pupillidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 119 (1/3): 65–71.
14. Hausdorf, B. (1996). "Die Orculidae Asiens (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 125 (1/2): 1–86. Bibcode:1996ArMol.125....1H. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/125/1996/1.
15. Gittenberger, E.; Pieper, H. (1984). "Eine neue Pagodulina-Unterart aus dem Iran (Pulmonata: Orculidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 114 (4/6): 182–188.
16. Nordsieck, H. (1995). "Iranische Clausiliidae: Die Arten in Gilan und Mazandaran (mit Beschreibung neuer Taxa)(Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie). 527: 1–27.
17. Németh, L.; Szekeres, M. (2004). "New taxa and systematic evaluation of clausiliids (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Clausiliidae) from Iran and Turkey". Basteria. 68 (1/3): 7–16.
18. Biggs, H.E.J. (1962). "Mollusca of the Iranian Plateau - II". Journal of Conchology. 25 (2): 64–72. Bibcode:1962JConc..25...64B. doi:10.5962/p.407381.
19. Riedel, A. (1981). "Über einige Zonitidae aus dem Iran (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 111 (4/6): 181–189.
20. Riedel, A. (1966). "Zonitidae (excl. Daudebardiinae) der Kaukasusländer (Gastropoda)". Annales Zoologici. 24: 1–303.
21. Riedel, A.; Pieper, H. (1980). "Die systematische Stellung von Gastranodon O.Boettger (Gastropoda: Zonitidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 110 (4/6): 185–189.
22. Neubert, E.; Bössneck, U. (2013). "On a new Vitrea species from Iran (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Pristilomatidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 142 (2): 253–256. Bibcode:2013ArMol.142..253N. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/253-256.
23. Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". Version 2.3.
24. (in German) Simroth H. (1910). "Kaukasische und asiatische Limaciden und Raublungenschnecken". Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk (Annuaire du Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg)15: 499-560. page 536-547. Table VIII, figure 38-50.
25. Wiktor, A (2000). "Agriolimacidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) - A systematic monograph". Annales Zoologici . 49: 347–590.
26. Hausdorf, B. (1996). "Helicopsis aelleni n. sp. from Northern Iran, with remarks on Helicopsis Fitzinger 1833 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Hygromiidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 126 (1/2): 65–71. Bibcode:1996ArMol.126...65H. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/126/1996/65.
27. Hausdorf, B.; Bössneck, U. (2012). "Helicopsis persica n. sp. from northern Iran (Gastropoda: Geomitridae)". Zootaxa . 4066 (2): 194–200. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4066.2.10.
28. Neubert, E.; Bank, R.A. (2006). "Notes on the species of Caucasotachea C. Boettger 1909 and Lindholmia P. Hesse 1919, with annotations to the Helicidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde . 135 (1): 101–132. Bibcode:2006ArMol.135..101N. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/0003-9284/135/101-132.
29. Mienis, H (2002). "Eobania vermiculata in Iran". Triton. 6: 27.
30. Neubert, E (2014). "Revision of Helix Linnaeus, 1758 in its eastern Mediterranean distribution area, and reassignment of Helix godetiana Kobelt, 1878 to Maltzanella Hesse, 1917 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae)". Contributions to Natural History . 26: 1–200.
31. Schütt, H.; Subai, P. (1996). "Revision der Gattung Assyriella P. Hesse 1908 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicidae: Helicinae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 125 (1–2): 117–161. Bibcode:1996ArMol.125..117S. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/125/1996/117.

Further reading

• (in Persian) Mansoorian A. (1986). "A practical guide to the identification of the freshwater snails of Iran". J. Pub. Hlth.15(1-2): 41-53.
• Mansoorian A. (1994). "Freshwater snails of Iran, Technical series, No 2145, 1374". Scientific publication of School of Public Health & Institute of Public Health Research, P.O. Box 6446, Tehran 14155, Iran.
• Mansoorian A. & Edlinger K. (2001). "Some Terrestrial Snails from Northern Iran". In: abstract volume of Unitas Malacologica, 14th Congress, Vienna, 19–26 August 2001.
• Massoud, J.; Hedayeti-Far, M. (1979). "Freshwater Mollusk Fauna of the Khuzestan and Khorram-abad Areas in Southwestern Iran". Malacological Review . 12: 96.