Listed buildings in Brougham, Cumbria

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Brougham is a civil parish in the Eden District, Cumbria, England. It contains 17 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, six are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish is to the southeast of the town of Penrith, and is almost completely rural. Two people are largely responsible for the more important buildings in the parish, Lady Anne Clifford in the 17th century, and Lord Brougham in the 19th century. The listed buildings include parts of a castle, later converted into a country house, a church, a chapel and its churchyard walls, a memorial pillar with an alms table, a house, farmhouses and farm buildings, two bridges, a milestone, and a parish boundary stone.

Brougham, Cumbria village in the United Kingdom

Brougham is a small village and civil parish on the outskirts of Penrith in the Eden District of Cumbria, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 279, falling marginally to 277 at the 2011 Census.

Civil parish territorial designation and lowest tier of local government in England, UK

In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government, they are a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of ecclesiastical parishes which historically played a role in both civil and ecclesiastical administration; civil and religious parishes were formally split into two types in the 19th century and are now entirely separate. The unit was devised and rolled out across England in the 1860s.

Eden District District in England

Eden is a local government district in Cumbria, England. Its council is based in Penrith. It is named after the River Eden which flows north through the district toward Carlisle.

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Key

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Grade Criteria [1]
I Buildings of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important
II* Particularly important buildings of more than special interest
II Buildings of national importance and special interest

Buildings

Name and locationPhotographDateNotesGrade
Curtain walls, gateway and other buildings, Brougham Hall
54°38′54″N2°43′57″W / 54.64822°N 2.73263°W / 54.64822; -2.73263 (Curtain walls and gateway, Brougham Hall)
Brougham Hall - geograph.org.uk - 1532.jpg
The curtain walls and other buildings were extended in the 17th century, and restored and altered in the 19th century by L. N. Cottingham for Lord Brougham. The buildings are in sandstone, the curtains walls are almost complete and a battlemented. The other buildings include a gateway with a tower, a guardhouse, a two-storey three-bay range, and the ruins of stables and a domestic range. [2] [3]
Hornby Hall and barns
54°39′45″N2°40′10″W / 54.66258°N 2.66932°W / 54.66258; -2.66932 (Hornby Hall)
—
A farmhouse and barns in sandstone with green slate roofs. The house has two storeys with a five-bay hall, a two-bay extension to the left and a four-bay extension to the rear. On the front is a three-storey porch with a Tudor arched doorway, above which is a coat of arms and two windows with hood moulds. Most of the windows in the main part are mullioned; elsewhere some have Tudor arched heads, others are sashes or casements. The three-bay barn to the right dates from the 18th century, and contains segmental-arched entrances, external steps leading to a loft door, and ventilation slits. [4] [5]
Hospital Farmhouse
54°38′50″N2°43′25″W / 54.64717°N 2.72350°W / 54.64717; -2.72350 (Hospital Farmhouse)
—
The farmhouse is roughcast on a cement plinth with a green slate roof. It has two storeys, a central section of three bays, a projecting bay to the left, and a projecting gabled one-bay wing to the right. On the front is a sandstone gabled porch with a Tudor arched doorway, above which is a coat of arms. Most of the windows are mullioned with hood moulds. [6]
Winderwath House
54°39′28″N2°37′28″W / 54.65783°N 2.62449°W / 54.65783; -2.62449 (Winderwath House)
—
The house contains some medieval features, and was extensively extended in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is stuccoed with sandstone dressings, and has a green slate roof. The 19th-century part has two storeys and five bays; the older part is at right angles to the rear and is lower with two storeys and three bays. The 19th-century part has a Tudor arched doorway, a two-story canted bay window to the left, and a gabled wing to the right. The windows are mullioned and transomed with hood moulds. The older part has a moulded doorcase with pilasters, and a frieze and cornice on consoles. The windows are mullioned, and there is another two storey bay-window. [7]
Countess Pillar
54°39′13″N2°42′18″W / 54.65366°N 2.70492°W / 54.65366; -2.70492 (Countess Pillar)
The Countess's Pillar - geograph.org.uk - 3873876.jpg
1656A monument erected by Lady Anne Clifford to the memory of her mother, Margaret Clifford, and restored in 1986. It consists of an octagonal sandstone column on a chamfered base. The column carries a cuboid block with a truncated pyramidal roof and a finial. Three of the sides of the block have sundials with painted faces and gnomons, one also carrying an inscription, and the other face has a coat of arms. The monument stands on a flagged base and is surrounded by railings, and is also a Scheduled Monument. [8] [9] [10]
Alms table
54°39′13″N2°42′18″W / 54.65367°N 2.70488°W / 54.65367; -2.70488 (Alms table)
—
1656The alms table is beside the Countess Pillar. It consists of two square flat slabs on top of each other, the upper slab having a chamfered lower edge, and on the top are lead-filled holes. The table is used for the annual distribution of alms. [11] [12]
St Wilfrid's chapel
54°38′55″N2°44′01″W / 54.64849°N 2.73353°W / 54.64849; -2.73353 (St Wilfrid's chapel)
The Church of St Wilfred (Brougham Chapel) Brougham - geograph.org.uk - 502387.jpg
1658This was the chapel to Brougham Hall, rebuilt by Lady Anne Clifford on a medieval site. It was altered in about 1843–46 by L. N. Cottingham for Lord Brougham, including the insertion of a rose window at the east end. The chapel is in sandstone with quoins, and has a green slate roof with coped gables. The chapel consists of a nave and a chancel under a common roof, with an open twin bellcote on the west gable. The south doorway and the windows have pointed heads, and between the windows are stepped buttresses. [13] [14]
St Ninian's Church
54°39′46″N2°41′05″W / 54.66281°N 2.68466°W / 54.66281; -2.68466 (St Ninian's Church)
St Ninian's - geograph.org.uk - 9511.jpg
1659–60The church was built by Lady Anne Clifford on the site of a medieval church, and the porch was added in 1841. The church is in sandstone with a green slate roof, and consists of a nave and chancel under one roof, and a south porch; on the west gable is a bellcote. The windows are round-headed in chamfered surrounds, and between them are buttresses. The porch has a Tudor arched doorway with a date panel above it. The internal furnishings date mainly from the time the church was built. The church is now redundant and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. [11] [15]
Moorhouse Farmhouse
54°38′44″N2°42′16″W / 54.64547°N 2.70454°W / 54.64547; -2.70454 (Moorhouse Farmhouse)
—
A roughcast farmhouse with sandstone quoins, an eaves cornice, and a green slate roof with coped gables. There are two storeys with attics, and three bays. The central doorway has an alternate block surround, a keyed lintel, and a pediment. The windows are sashes in sandstone surrounds, those in the ground floor having false keys. [16]
Fremington
54°38′54″N2°42′32″W / 54.64835°N 2.70877°W / 54.64835; -2.70877 (Fremington)
—
A sandstone house with quoins and a green slate roof. It has two storeys and an L-shaped plan, consisting of a left wing with three bays, and a right wing with two bays. In the right wing is a doorway with pilasters, a pediment and a fanlight. To the right is a two-storey canted bay window, and the other windows are sashes. [17]
Brougham Castle Bridge
54°39′17″N2°43′01″W / 54.65482°N 2.71701°W / 54.65482; -2.71701 (Brougham Castle Bridge)
Bridge over the River Eamont - geograph.org.uk - 1321564.jpg
1813The bridge was built for Penrith to Appleby turnpike, and carries a road over the River Eamont. It is in Penrith sandstone, and consist of three segmental arches. The bridge has rounded cutwaters, recessed voussoirs, and a solid chamfered parapet. [18]
Low Woodside
54°39′15″N2°38′21″W / 54.65414°N 2.63911°W / 54.65414; -2.63911 (Low Woodside)
—
A farmhouse and estate office in sandstone with quoins, and a green slate roof with coped gables. There are two storeys and three bays. The central round-headed doorway has a fanlight, the windows are sashes, and all have plain stone surrounds. [19]
Bridge between Brougham Hall and St Wilfrid's Chapel
54°38′54″N2°44′00″W / 54.64824°N 2.73342°W / 54.64824; -2.73342 (Bridge between hall and chapel)
B6262 - geograph.org.uk - 803397.jpg
The bridge crosses above a road and links the hall with the chapel. It is in sandstone, and consists of a single segmental arch. The bridge has recessed voussoirs, and a solid modillioned shaped parapet. [20]
Churchyard wall, St Wilfrid's Chapel
54°38′54″N2°43′59″W / 54.64833°N 2.73316°W / 54.64833; -2.73316 (Churchyard wall, St Wilfrid's chapel)
—
The wall was built for Lord Brougham to surround the churchyard, and is in sandstone. Between the chapel and the hall, it is high, and contains a pointed arch; on the other three sides it is much lower. [21]
Milestone
54°39′11″N2°40′31″W / 54.65316°N 2.67518°W / 54.65316; -2.67518 (Milestone)
—
The milestone is in cast iron supported by sandstone, and has a triangular plan. There are plates on two sides, respectively inscribed with the distances in miles to Appleby and to Penrith. [22]
Brougham Hall
54°38′53″N2°43′59″W / 54.64804°N 2.73309°W / 54.64804; -2.73309 (Brougham Hall)
Brougham Hall - geograph.org.uk - 803403.jpg
1830–47A country house built on the site of a 14th-century tower house that was designed by L. N. Cottingham for Lord Brougham. It was partly demolished in 1935, and is now largely in ruins, but was partly restored in 1985 to be used for various purposes. It is built in sandstone in a U-shaped plan on three sides of a courtyard. What does remain includes cellars, part of a billiard room, and part of a carriage archway. [2] [23]
Parish boundary stone
54°38′17″N2°42′33″W / 54.63802°N 2.70905°W / 54.63802; -2.70905 (Parish boundary stone)
—
1847The stone marks the boundary between the parishes of Brougham and Clifton. It is in cast iron supported by sandstone, and has a triangular plan with a plate on each side containing the names of the parishes. One plate also has the date, and this is repeated on the top. [24]

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Newbiggin is a civil parish in the Eden District, Cumbria, England. It contains 14 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish includes the village of Newbiggin and the surrounding countryside. The most important building is Newbiggin Hall, originally a tower house and later a country house; the hall and associated structures are listed. The other listed buildings Include a church, items in the churchyard, a chapel, a bridge, farmhouses and farm buildings.

Natland is a civil parish in the South Lakeland District of Cumbria, England. It contains 14 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of Natland, and is otherwise rural. The listed buildings include houses, farmhouses, farm buildings, bridges, a church, a milestone, and a boundary post.

References

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Historic England Executive non-departmental public body of the British Government, tasked with protecting the historical environment of England

Historic England is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). It is tasked with protecting the historical environment of England by preserving and listing historic buildings, ancient monuments and advising central and local government.

The National Heritage List for England (NHLE) is England’s official list of buildings, monuments, parks and gardens, wrecks, battlefields and World Heritage Sites. It is maintained by Historic England and brings together these different designations as a single resource even though they vary in the type of legal protection afforded to each. Conservation areas do not appear on the NHLE since they are designated by the relevant local planning authority.

Nikolaus Pevsner German-born British scholar

Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner was a German, later British scholar of the history of art, especially of architecture.

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