Lobotes pacifica

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Lobotes pacifica
FMIB 50639 Lobotes pacificus Gilbert Type specimen; Panama.jpeg
The type specimen, from Panama
Lobotes pacificus, 1925, in Zoological Series vol 15 Marine Fishes of Panama pt 2, by Meek & Hildebrand.png
Another specimen, 200 mm (7.9 in) long
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Spariformes
Family: Lobotidae
Genus: Lobotes
Species:
L. pacifica
Binomial name
Lobotes pacifica
Gilbert, 1898
Synonyms

Lobotes pacifica, the Pacific tripletail or West Coast tripletail, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lobotidae, the tripletails and tiger perches. This species is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Contents

Taxonomy

Lobotes pacifica was first formally described in 1898 by the American ichthyologist Charles Henry Gilbert with its type locality given as Panama. [2] It is one of two species in the genus Lobotes , the other is the Atlantic tripletail (L. surinamensis), [3] some authorities consider the two to be conspecific and L. pacifica to be a junior synonym of L. surinamensis. [4] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the genus Lobotes as one of two genera in the family Lobotidae which it classifies in the order Spariformes. [5]

Description

Lobotes pacifica has an oval to rhomboid shaped, compressed body with a slightly concave forehead and an upper jaw which can be protruded a short distance. There is a outer row of small, densely set canine-like teeth in each jaw and an inner band of smaller teeth but no teeth on the roof of the mouth. The preoperculum is serrated, the serrations shrinking and multiplying as the fish ages, and the operculum has two flat, hidden spines. The continuous dorsal fin is supported by 12 robust spines and 15 or 16 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 11 soft rays. The soft rayed portions of the dorsal and anal fins are high and rounded and extend beyond the caudal peduncle to create the impression of three symmetrical caudal fins. The caudal fin is rounded. [6] Adults have an olive coloured body marked with black spots while the juveniles have yellowish bodies with black spots. This species has a maximum published total length of 100 cm (39 in), although 50 cm (20 in) is more typical. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Lobotes pacifica is found near the coast in the eastern Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California, between Southern California and Peru, at depths between the surface and 50 metres (160 ft) deep. [1] it can also be found around Cocos Island in Costa Rica. This species occurs in bays and brackish water in estuaries, as well as around floating objects in the open sea. The juveniles mimic leaves by floating on their sides at the water’s surface. [6]

Utilization

Lobotes pacifica is caught in some artisanal fisheries and commercially sold. [8]

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References

  1. 1 2 Lea, R.; Bearez, P.; van der Heiden, A.; Acero, A. & Cotta, A. (2010). "Lobotes pacificus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T178077A7484332. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T178077A7484332.en . Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  2. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lobotes". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  3. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2023). Species of Lobotes in FishBase . June 2023 version.
  4. ↑ Tina Perrota. "Lobotes surinamensis". Discover Fishes. Florida Museum. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  5. ↑ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 502–506. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  6. 1 2 "Species: Lobotes pacificus, Pacific tripletail". Shorefishes of the Eastern Pacific online information system. Smithsonian . Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  7. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Lobotes pacifica" in FishBase . June 2023 version.
  8. ↑ Chacón-Guzmán, Jonathan; Carvajal-Oses, Milagro; Herrera-Ulloa, Ángel; Toledo-Agüero, Pedro (12 September 2019). "Growth and fillet yield in recirculation systems of Lobotes pacificus (Perciformes: Lobotidae), a species with aquaculture potential". Journal of Marine and Coastal Sciences. 11 (2). National University of Costa Rica: 119–133. doi:10.15359/revmar.11-2.7. eISSN   1659-407X. hdl: 11056/20444 . ISSN   1659-455X.
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