| Long-nose sooty grunter | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Terapontidae |
| Genus: | Hephaestus |
| Species: | H. epirrhinos |
| Binomial name | |
| Hephaestus epirrhinos | |
The long-nose sooty grunter (Hephaestus epirrhinos) is a species of fish in the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to Australia.
The long-nose sooty grunter is a large elongate species with a distinctively long, slightly concave snout. It has an overall dark greenish-grey body, with scales which have broad blackish margins and golden to bronze centres. The juveniles are overall greenish with irregular vermiculations on the upper flanks and the caudal peduncle. [2] The largest recorded standard length is 42 centimetres (17 in). [3]
The long-nose sooty grunter is endemic to the eastern part of Kimberley region in Western Australia where it has been recorded from the Drysdale River and from King Edward River. [1]
The long-nose sooty grunter is a freshwater species and as adults they prefer deep pools of slow flowing rivers. It is frequently recorded in the vicinity of snags and overhanging vegetation. They may also be found in the deeper sections of riffles. The juveniles are usually observed in shallow riffles and slower flowing stretches of river. This is a carnivorous species and its diet comprises aquatic insects, crustaceans and fish, although they have been recorded feeding on terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. Sexual maturity is attained at lengths of around12 centimetres (4.7 in). [1] It is thought that the females lay demersal eggs which are guarded and fanned by the males. [2]
The long-nose sooty grunter was first formalled described by Richard P. Vari of the National Museum of Natural History and J. Barry Hutchins of Western Australia Museum in 1978 with the type locality given as the Drysdale River. [4]
The Bloomfield River cod or the tropical nightfish, is a species of temperate perch endemic to Australia. It is only found in an 11-km stretch of the Bloomfield River in northern Queensland. These waterfalls appear to have blocked the migration of more aggressive tropical freshwater fish species such as the sooty grunter that have presumably naturally displaced the Bloomfield River cod from its former range in prehistoric times. With its very limited distribution, the Bloomfield River cod is clearly a relict species. It is a very important relict species, however, as it is the most northerly distributed percichthyid species in Australia, and raises interesting questions on the biogeography of percichthyid fish in Australia and the history of their ancient colonisation of Australian rivers.
The Kanawha darter is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the southeastern United States.
Greenway's grunter is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to the northern part of Western Australia.
Adamson's grunter is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae which is endemic to Lake Kutubu in the Kikori River system, Papua New Guinea.
The striped grunter is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is found only in the Bewani Mountains in the headwaters of the Pual River system in Papua New Guinea and the upper Sermowai River, Western new Guinea, Indonesia. It is found in high altitude, fast flowing mountains streams. The males guard and fan the eggs.
The Fortescue grunter is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to rivers in Western Australia.
Syncomistes is a genus of Australian freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Terapontidae, the grunters.
The Drysdale grunter is a species of fish in the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to Australia, where it occurs in the Gibb and Drysdale Rivers, coastal rivers in northern Western Australia. It is a herbivorous species which grazes on filamentous algae and prefers the main river channels rather than the tributaries, it also prefers flowing water of varying turbidity and substrate.
Terapon jarbua, the jarbua terapon, crescent grunter, crescent banded grunter, crescent perch, spiky trumpeter, thornfish or tiger perch, is a species of ray-finned fish, a grunter of the family Terapontidae. It occurs in the Indo-Pacific. it is an important commercial species within its range and is sometimes found in the aquarium trade where it is known as "target fish" for the pattern visible from above.
Chelmonops curiosus, truncate coralfish, truncate butterflyfish, western talma or squareback butterflyfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish from the family Chaetodontidae. It is endemic to Australia.
The sooty grunter, also known by the name black bream, blubberlips, Northern grunter or purple grunter, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It inhabits coastal and inland freshwater creeks and rivers of northern Australia.
The orangefin darter is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in Barren River and Green River systems in Tennessee and Kentucky.
Rhinogobius flumineus, commonly known as the lizard goby or kawa-yoshinobori, is a species of goby endemic to Japan where it is found in the mid- to upper reaches of fast-flowing rivers. This species can reach a length of 7 centimetres (2.8 in) TL.
Leiopotherapon unicolor, the spangled grunter or spangled perch is a species of ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to Australia.
Hephaestus carbo, the coal grunter or black grunter, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to rivers in northern Australia.
Terapon theraps, the largescaled terapon, banded grunter, banded trumpeter, flagtail grunter, flagtail trumpeter, large-scaled grunter-perch, Northern grunter and spiky trumpeter, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. This species has a wide distribution in the Indo-Pacific region.
Bidyanus welchi, commonly known as Welch's grunter, black bream, or silver bream, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Terapontidae native to Australia.
The pinkeye mullet, also known simply as pinkeye, or freshwater mullet, Richmond mullet, or river mullet, is a species of ray-finned fish from the grey mullet family Mugilidae and the only species in the genus Trachystoma. It is endemic to northeastern Australia where it occurs from the Burnett River in Queensland to the Clyde River in New South Wales. It is a subtropical species which is found in deep, slow flowing sections of rivers as well as in estuaries although it moves into coastal seas to spawn. It feeds mainly on algae and plant material, as well as detritus and benthic invertebrates.
The Eastern striped grunter is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region where it is found in coastal waters and is an omnivore.
Hephaestus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish, grunters from the family Terapontidae.
