Macleay's mustached bat

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Macleay's mustached bat
Pteronotus macleayii Annals of natural history (1840) (18226066730).jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Mormoopidae
Genus: Pteronotus
Species:
P. macleayii
Binomial name
Pteronotus macleayii
(Gray, 1839)
Subspecies

P. m. macleayii
P. m. griseus

Synonyms

Chilonycteris macleayii

Macleay's mustached bat (Pteronotus macleayii) is a species of bat in the family Mormoopidae. It is found in Cuba and Jamaica, and is threatened by habitat loss. The species is named for William Sharp Macleay, who collected the type specimen. [2]

Contents

Description

Macleay's mustached bat is a small bat, with an average body length of 7.4 centimetres (2.9 in) and a tail 2.3 centimetres (0.91 in) long. Fully-grown adults weigh 4 to 7 grams (0.14 to 0.25 oz), with males being slightly larger than females. The body is covered by greyish-brown to orange-brown fur, fading to near-white on the undersides. The head is relatively flat with a slightly upturned snout. The ears are narrow and pointed, with serrated outer edges near the tips, and a long, slightly flattened tragus. [2]

The wings have an aspect ratio of 7.6 and a wing loading of 4.6 N/m2, suitable for agile flying in cluttered environments, such as forests. The encephalisation quotient of the species has been calculated at 0.85. [2]

Distribution and habitat

Macleay's mustached bats are widespread on Cuba and Jamaica, and are found wherever there are suitable caves. There are two recognised subspecies: [3]

Biology and behaviour

Macleay's mustached bats are gregarious and nocturnal, with colonies of several thousand individuals spending the day roosting in deep and humid cave systems. They share the caves with many other local bat species, although generally clustering with members of their own species. [4] They leave the caves shortly after sunset, and spend the night feeding on insects, primarily flies and beetles. [2] The echolocation calls of the bats are short and narrowband, with a dominant frequency of 70–80 kHz. [5] Breeding begins in March, and results in the birth of a single young between June and July. [2]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mormoopidae</span> Family of bats

The family Mormoopidae contains bats known generally as mustached bats, ghost-faced bats, and naked-backed bats. They are found in the Americas from the Southwestern United States to Southeastern Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parnell's mustached bat</span> Species of bat

Parnell's mustached bat is an insectivorous bat native to the Americas. It ranges from southern Sonora, Mexico, south to Brazil. It has a wider historical range; fossil specimens have been collected on the island of New Providence in the Bahamas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wagner's mustached bat</span> Species of bat

Wagner's mustached bat is a bat species from South and Central America. It is one of the few New World bats species known to perform Doppler shift compensation behavior.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davy's naked-backed bat</span> Species of bat

Davy's (lesser) naked-backed bat is a small, insect-eating, cave-dwelling bat of the Family Mormoopidae. It is found throughout South and Central America, including Trinidad, but not Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, or French Guiana. Specimens of this bat had been found infected with rabies in Trinidad during the height of that island's vampire-bat-transmitted rabies epidemic of the early half of the 20th century, but not in recent times.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little goblin bat</span> Species of bat

The little goblin bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae, the free-tailed bats. It is endemic to Cuba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buffy flower bat</span> Species of bat

The buffy flower bat is a species of bat in the leaf-nosed bat family, Phyllostomidae. It is found in the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, Cuba, and Jamaica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leach's single leaf bat</span> Species of bat

Leach's single leaf bat, also known as Greater Antillean long-tongued bat, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in the southern Bahamas and in all the Greater Antilles. It forms large colonies, with up to a few hundred thousand individuals, and feeds on a relatively wide variety of food items including pollen, nectar, fruit and insects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jamaican flower bat</span> Species of bat

The Jamaican flower bat is a critically endangered species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is endemic to Jamaica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuban flower bat</span> Species of bat

The Cuban flower bat, also called Poey's flower bat, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found on the Caribbean islands of Cuba and Hispaniola.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuban fig-eating bat</span> Species of bat

The Cuban fig-eating bat, or white-shouldered bat, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae, found only in the Caribbean. It is the sole extant species in the genus Phyllops, although two other species, P. vetus and P. silvai, are known from fossils.

The sooty mustached bat is a species of bat in the family Mormoopidae. It is found in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape horseshoe bat</span> Species of bat

The Cape horseshoe bat is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is endemic to South Africa, and is potentially threatened by habitat loss and disturbance of its roosting sites, although it is present in large enough numbers to be considered of least concern by the IUCN.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuban greater funnel-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The Cuban greater funnel-eared bat is a species of funnel-eared bat. It is endemic to a cave in westernmost Cuba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown flower bat</span> Species of bat

The brown flower bat is a species of bat from the family Phyllostomidae. It is native to the island of Hispaniola, present in both Haiti and the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico. In most cases, the brown flower bat is recognized as part of the buffy flower bat, and there are two recognized subspecies: Erophylla bombifrons bombifrons and Erophylla bombifrons santacristobalensis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pristine mustached bat</span> Extinct species of bat

The pristine mustached bat is an extinct Late Quaternary species of bat in the endemic Neotropical family Mormoopidae. It was distributed in Cuba and possibly Florida.

The Paraguana moustached bat occurs only on the Paraguaná Peninsula of Venezuela. The entire population uses three caves, one of which is subject to human vandalism. Their total range is less than 400 km2 (150 sq mi). In 2008, the caves where the bat is found were protected by the creation of the Cuevas de Paraguaná Wildlife Sanctuary–the first wildlife sanctuary in Venezuela.

References

  1. Mancina, C.; Solari, S. (2019). "Pteronotus macleayii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T18707A22077903. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18707A22077903.en .
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Mancina, C.A. (2005). "Pteronotus macleayii". Mammalian Species. 778: Number 778: pp. 1–3. doi: 10.1644/778.1 .
  3. Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 312–529. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
  4. McFarlane, D.A. (1986). "Cave bats in Jamaica". Oryx. 20 (1): 27–30. doi: 10.1017/S0030605300025874 .
  5. Kössl, M.; et al. (1999). "Evolutionary adaptations of cochlear function in Jamaican mormoopid bats". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 185 (3): 217–228. doi:10.1007/s003590050381. PMID   10573863. S2CID   23258709.