| Macrocalamus chanardi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | Macrocalamus |
| Species: | M. chanardi |
| Binomial name | |
| Macrocalamus chanardi David & Pauwels, 2005 | |
Macrocalamus chanardi, Chanard's reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Malaysia. [1] [2]
The king cobra is a venomous snake endemic to Asia. With an average length of 3.18 to 4 m and a maximum record of 5.85 m (19.2 ft), it is the world's longest venomous snake. Coloration of this species varies across habitats, from black with white stripes to unbroken brownish grey. The sole member of the genus Ophiophagus, it is not taxonomically a true cobra despite its common name. The king cobra inhabits forests from South to Southeastern Asia where it preys chiefly on other snakes, including those of its kind. A female king cobra builds a nest to hold its eggs which will be protected throughout the incubation period.
Colubridae is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest species of the family date back to the Oligocene epoch. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
The milk snake or milksnake, is a species of kingsnake; 24 subspecies are currently recognized. Lampropeltis elapsoides, the scarlet kingsnake, was formerly classified as a 25th subspecies, but is now recognized as a distinct species. The subspecies have strikingly different appearances, and many of them have their own common names. Some authorities suggest that this species could be split into several separate species. They are not venomous to humans.
Squamata is the largest order of reptiles, comprising lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians, which are collectively known as squamates or scaled reptiles. With over 10,900 species, it is also the second-largest order of extant (living) vertebrates, after the perciform fish. Members of the order are distinguished by their skins, which bear horny scales or shields, and must periodically engage in molting. They also possess movable quadrate bones, making possible movement of the upper jaw relative to the neurocranium. This is particularly visible in snakes, which are able to open their mouths very wide to accommodate comparatively large prey. Squamates are the most variably sized living reptiles, ranging from the 16 mm (0.63 in) dwarf gecko to the 6.5 m (21 ft) Reticulated python. The now-extinct mosasaurs reached lengths over 14 m (46 ft).
Elapidae is a family of snakes characterized by their permanently erect fangs at the front of the mouth. Most elapids are venomous, with the exception of the genus Emydocephalus. Many members of this family exhibit a threat display of rearing upwards while spreading out a neck flap. Elapids are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with terrestrial forms in Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas and marine forms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Members of the family have a wide range of sizes, from the 18 cm (7.1 in) white-lipped snake to the 5.85 m king cobra. Most species have neurotoxic venom that is channeled by their hollow fangs, and some may contain other toxic components in various proportions. The family includes 55 genera with some 360 species and over 170 subspecies.
Toxicofera is a proposed clade of scaled reptiles (squamates) that includes the Serpentes (snakes), Anguimorpha and Iguania. Toxicofera contains about 4,600 species, of extant Squamata. It encompasses all venomous reptile species, as well as numerous related non-venomous species. There is little morphological evidence to support this grouping, however it has been recovered by all molecular analyses as of 2012.
Python is a genus of constricting snakes in the Pythonidae family native to the tropics and subtropics of the Eastern Hemisphere.
Enhydris is a genus of slightly venomous, rear-fanged, snakes in the family Homalopsidae. The genus is endemic to the tropical area of Indo-Australian region.
The Colubrinae are a subfamily of the family Colubridae of snakes. It includes numerous genera, and although taxonomic sources often disagree on the exact number, The Reptile Database lists 717 species in 92 genera as of September 2019. It is the second largest subfamily of colubrids, after Dipsadinae. Many of the most commonly known snakes are members of this subfamily, including rat snakes, king snakes, milk snakes, vine snakes, and indigo snakes.
Michael Wilmer Forbes Tweedie was a naturalist and archaeologist working in South East Asia, who was Director of the Raffles Museum in Singapore.
The Sind River snake, also known commonly as Chanard's mud snake and Chan-ard's water snake, is a species of mildly venomous, rear-fanged snake in the family Homalopsidae. The species is endemic to Thailand.
The Calamariinae are a subfamily of colubrid snakes, commonly known as reed snakes, that are found in southern and southeastern Asia. They are most diverse in Indonesia, especially Sumatra and Borneo. The subfamily contains 90 species in seven genera. Very few specimens of most species have been collected.
Macrocalamus is a genus of snakes of the family Colubridae.
Macrocalamus lateralis, the side-blotched reed snake, Malayan mountain reed snake, or striped reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia.
The Colubroides are a clade in the suborder Serpentes (snakes). It contains over 85% of all the extant species of snakes. The largest family is Colubridae, but it also includes at least six other families, at least four of which were once classified as "Colubridae" before molecular phylogenetics helped in understanding their relationships. It has been found to be monophyletic.
Macrocalamus emas, the golden-bellied reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Malaysia.
Macrocalamus gentingensis, the Genting Highlands reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Malaysia.
Macrocalamus jasoni, Jason's reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Malaysia.
Macrocalamus schulzi, Schulz's reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Malaysia.
Macrocalamus vogeli, Vogel's reed snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Malaysia.
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