| Macrosteles | |
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| Macrosteles horvathi from Commanster, Belgian High Ardennes | |
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| Genus: | Macrosteles |
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Macrosteles is a leafhopper genus in the tribe Macrostelini with more than 80 species, most in the northern hemisphere. Some species are known to migrate. [2]
Brochosomes are intricately structured microscopic granules secreted by leafhoppers and typically found on their body surface and, more rarely, eggs. Brochosomes were first described in 1952 with the aid of an electron microscope. Brochosomes are hydrophobic and help keep the insect cuticle clean. These particles have also been found in samples of air and can easily contaminate foreign objects, which explains erroneous reports of brochosomes on other insects.
The superfamily Membracoidea of sap-sucking true-bugs includes two of the largest families within what used to be called the "Homoptera": the leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) and the treehoppers (Membracidae). The other families in this group are quite small, and have, at various points, generally been included as members within other families, though they are all presently considered to be valid, monophyletic groups. The relict family Myerslopiidae is restricted to New Zealand and South America while the Melizoderidae consist of two genera restricted to South America. The great diversity of Neotropical taxa suggests that the group originated in that region.
Aster yellows is a chronic, systemic plant disease caused by several bacteria called phytoplasma. The aster yellows phytoplasma (AYP) affects 300 species in 38 families of broad-leaf herbaceous plants, primarily in the aster family, as well as important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Symptoms are variable and can include phyllody, virescence, chlorosis, stunting, and sterility of flowers. The aster leafhopper vector, Macrosteles quadrilineatus, moves the aster yellows phytoplasma from plant to plant. Its economic burden is primarily felt in the carrot crop industry, as well as the nursery industry. No cure is known for plants infected with aster yellows. Infected plants should be removed immediately to limit the continued spread of the phytoplasma to other susceptible plants. However, in agricultural settings such as carrot fields, some application of chemical insecticides has proven to minimize the rate of infection by killing the vector.
Maiestas is a genus of insects in the family Cicadellidae, the vast majority of which were formerly placed in the genus Recilia.
Puccinellia nutkaensis is a species of grass known by the common names Nootka alkaligrass and Alaska alkali grass. It is native to North America from Alaska across northern Canada to Greenland and Nova Scotia, and down to Washington to Oregon to the Central Coast of California.
Recilia is a genus of bugs from the family Cicadellidae. As of Webb & Viraktamath (2009), it includes just two species, with the vast majority of former species now in the genus Maiestas. Before this, the genus was sometimes treated as a subgenus of Deltocephalus.
Euscelis is a leafhopper genus in the subfamily Deltocephalinae.
Macrostelini is a tribe in the Deltocephalinae subfamily of leafhoppers. Macrostelini contains 37 genera and over 300 species. The tribe has a cosmopolitan distribution. Some species in the genus Cicadulina are agricultural pests and transmit maize streak virus in Sub-saharan Africa.
Typhlocybinae is a subfamily of insects in the leafhopper family, Cicadellidae. This is currently the second largest leafhopper subfamily based on the number of described species, but researchers believe there are so many taxa yet undescribed that it is probably the largest subfamily. Approximately 6000 species have been described to science so far.
Macrosteles quadrilineatus, the aster leafhopper or six-spotted leafhopper, is a leafhopper species in the genus Macrosteles, found in the United States. It is the vector of aster yellows disease, which affects various vegetable plants, weeds and ornamental plants.
Fieberiellini is a tribe of leafhoppers in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. In the review by Zahniser & Dietrich (2013) it includes 48 species placed in 10 genera. Species in this tribe are native to the Palaearctic region, mainly the southern parts, with some being adventive in the Nearctic. The Cherry Leafhopper is a vector of several phytoplasma diseases including Cherry X Disease.
Athysanini is a tribe of leafhoppers in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The type genus of the tribe is Athysanus. The tribe has a cosmopolitan distribution. It is the largest tribe in the subfamily Deltocephalinae and has 228 genera and at least 1120 species.
Eupteryx is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae.
Coelidiinae is a subfamily of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae. There are at least 8 tribes, 108 genera, and over 900 species in Coelidiinae.
Scaphoideini is a tribe of leafhoppers. There are 64 genera and over 600 described species in Scaphoideini.
Chandrashekaraswami Adiveyya Viraktamath is an Indian entomologist who specializes in the systematics of leaf-hoppers, Cicadellidae. He served as a professor of entomology at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Cicadulini is a tribe of leafhoppers in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. There are currently 15 genera and over 120 species in Cicadulini.
Paralimnini is a tribe of leafhoppers in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. Paralimnini contains 139 genera and over 900 species divided into two subtribes: Aglenina and Paralimnina. The tribe has a cosmopolitan distribution.
Jassargus is a genus of leafhoppers belonging to the family Cicadellidae. The genus was first described by Zachvatkin in 1934. The species of this genus are found in Europe, Asia, Algeria, Greenland and Canada.
Verdanus is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Cicadellidae.
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