Malaxis bayardii

Last updated

Malaxis bayardii
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Malaxis
Species:
M. bayardii
Binomial name
Malaxis bayardii
Synonyms [2]

Malaxis bayardii fo. kelloggiaeP.M. Br.

Malaxis bayardii, or Bayard's adder's-mouth orchid, [3] is a species of orchid native to northeastern North America. It is found from Massachusetts to North Carolina, with isolated populations in Ohio and Nova Scotia. [4] There are historical reports of the plant formerly growing in Vermont and New Jersey, but it seems to have been extirpated in those two states [2] It grows in dry, open woods and pine barrens at elevations of less than 600 m (2000 feet). [5] [6]

Contents

Malaxis bayardii is a terrestrial herb up to 26 cm (10.4 inches) tall. It produces a pseudobulb up to 20 mm in diameter. It generally has only one leaf, occasionally two, about halfway up the stem. Flowers are small and green, borne in a raceme of up to 70 flowers. [7] [8] [9] [10]

Conservation status

It is listed as a special concern species and believed extirpated in Connecticut, [11] as rare Massachusetts, and as endangered in New Jersey and in New York (state). [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Solidago rugosa</i>

Solidago rugosa, commonly called the wrinkleleaf goldenrod or rough-stemmed goldenrod, is a species of flowering plant in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). It is native to North America, where it is widespread across eastern and central Canada and the eastern and central United States. It is usually found in wet to mesic habitats.

<i>Malaxis monophyllos</i> Species of orchid

Malaxis monophyllos, the white adder's mouth, is a terrestrial species of orchid. It is widespread across much of Europe, Asia, and much of southern Canada. In the United States, it grows mostly in southern Alaska, New England and the Great Lakes region, with isolated populations reported from Colorado and California.

<i>Beckmannia syzigachne</i> Species of flowering plant

Beckmannia syzigachne, the American sloughgrass, or slough grass, is an annual or short-lived perennial bunchgrass in the grass family, Poaceae, found in shallow marshes or sloughs.

<i>Ageratina luciae-brauniae</i> Species of flowering plant

Ageratina luciae-brauniae is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Lucy Braun's snakeroot and rockhouse white snakeroot. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is limited to the Cumberland Plateau of Kentucky and Tennessee. It may also occur in South Carolina but these reports are unconfirmed.

Scirpus longii is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common name Long's bulrush. It is native to eastern North America, where it is limited to the Atlantic coastal plain.

<i>Muhlenbergia capillaris</i> Species of plant

Muhlenbergia capillaris, commonly known as the hairawn muhly, is a perennial sedge-like plant that grows to be about 30–90 cm (0.98–2.95 ft) tall and 60–90 cm (2.0–3.0 ft) wide. The plant includes a double layer; green, leaf-like structures surround the understory, and purple-pink flowers outgrow them from the bottom up. The plant is a warm-season grass, meaning that leaves begin growth in the summer. During the summer, the leaves stay green, but they morph during the fall to produce a more copper color. The seasonal changes also include the flowers, as they grow out during the fall and stay healthy till the end of autumn. The muhly grows along the border of roads and on plain prairies. The grass clumps into herds, causing bush-like establishments in the area the hairawn muhly inhabits. The flowers are very feathery and add a cloudlike appearance to the top of the grass. It is native to eastern North America and can be used for a multitude of purposes, including ornamental gardening and farming. It was voted 2012 plant of the year by the Garden Club of America.

<i>Solidago ptarmicoides</i>

Solidago ptarmicoides, the prairie goldenrod, white flat-top goldenrod or upland white aster, is a North American perennial flowering plant in the sunflower family. It is native to the central and eastern Canada and parts of the United States (mostly Great Lakes region, the Northeast, the Ozarks, and the northern Great Plains, with isolated populations in Wyoming, Colorado, Oklahoma, and scattered locations in the Southeast. It has also been called upland white solidago, upland white goldenrod, and sneezewort goldenrod

<i>Clematis coactilis</i> Species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae

Clematis coactilis, common name Virginia white-hair leather flower, is a plant species endemic to the western part of the US State of Virginia. It is reported from only Botetourt, Roanoke, Craig, Montgomery, Giles, Wythe, and Pulaski Counties. It is usually found on soils formed from shale, less often dolomite, limestone or sandstone.

<i>Bolboschoenus novae-angliae</i> Species of flowering plant in the sedge family Cyperaceae

Bolboschoenus novae-angliae, common names New England bulrush, and Salt march bulrush is a plant species found along the Atlantic seacoast of the United States from Alabama to Maine. It grows in brackish and salt-water marshes and estuaries along the coast.

<i>Smilax tamnoides</i>

Smilax tamnoides, common name bristly greenbrier, is a North American species of plants native to the United States and Canada. It is widespread from Ontario and New York State south to Texas and Florida.

Arnoglossum sulcatum is a North American species of plants in the sunflower family. It is native to the southeastern United States in the states of Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida.

<i>Arnoglossum reniforme</i> Species of flowering plant

Arnoglossum reniforme is a North American species of plants in the sunflower family. It is native to the central and east-central United States primarily in the Appalachian Mountains, the Ohio/Tennessee Valley, and the Mississippi Valley. There are additional populations in the east and farther west in Oklahoma.

Bidens eatonii is a North American species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is native to eastern Canada and the northeastern United States.

Bidens heterodoxa, the Connecticut beggarticks, is a North American species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is native to eastern Canada and the northeastern United States (Connecticut).

Bidens hyperborea is a coastal species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It grows along the coasts of Hudson Bay, the Arctic Ocean, and the North Atlantic Ocean in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States.

<i>Solidago latissimifolia</i>

Solidago latissimifolia, common name Elliott's goldenrod, is North American species of flowering plants in the sunflower family. It is native to the Atlantic Coast of the United States and Canada, from Nova Scotia south to Alabama and Florida.

Rubus aculifer, the thorny dewberry, is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the rose family.

Rubus adjacens, the peaty dewberry, is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the rose family. It is native to eastern Canada and the northeastern and east-central United States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland.

Rubus defectionis, the Eclipse blackberry, is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the rose family. It grows in only a few locations in the east-central United States.

<i>Asclepias variegata</i> Species of plant

Asclepias variegata, commonly called the redring milkweed or white milkweed, is a plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to eastern North America, where it is found in Canada and the United States. It is most common in the Southeastern United States, and becomes rare in the northern edge of its range.

References

  1. "Malaxis bayardii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019. 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2019.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. 1 2 "Malaxis bayardii". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. "Malaxis bayardii". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA . Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  4. "Malaxis bayardii". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  5. Catling, Paul M.; Magrath, Lawrence K. (2002). "Malaxis bayardii". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 26. New York and Oxford via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  6. "Malaxis bayardii". North American Orchid Conservation Center (NAOOC), Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. 2018.
  7. Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (1936). "Rhodora". 38 (455): 402–404.Cite journal requires |journal= (help) description in Latin, commentary in English; small line drawings showing flowers
  8. Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (1936). "Rhodora". 38 (455). plate 446, photos of herbarium specimens, figures 1 and 2 at left.Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (1950). Gray's Manual of Botany (8th ed.). New York: American Book Company. pp. i–lxiv, 1–1632.
  10. Catling, P. M. (1991). "Systematics of Malaxis bayardii and M. unifolia". Lindleyana. 6. pp. 3–23.
  11. "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015" (PDF). State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 28 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
  12. "Malaxis bayardii". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA . Retrieved 28 January 2018.