May 2022 Midwest derecho

Last updated
May 2022 Midwest derecho
Hartington, Nebraska wind damage 2022.jpg
A cell tower that was blown over in Hartington, Nebraska.
Type Derecho
Tornado outbreak
FormedMay 12, 2022
Highest gust135 mph (217 km/h)
(tornadic)
107 mph (170 km/h)
(non-tornadic)
Tornadoes
confirmed		32
Max. rating1 EF2 tornado
Fatalities5 fatalities, 13+ injuries [1] [2] [3]
Damage$1.3 billion (2022 USD) [4]
Power outages>200,000
Areas affected Midwestern United States
1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale

On May 12, 2022, a severe squall line followed by a derecho took place across the Midwestern United States. Two fatalities occurred from the first line of storms while three more deaths occurred from the derecho itself.

Contents

Meteorological synopsis

Map of tornado warnings and confirmed tornadoes from the derecho. Tornado outbreak of May 12, 2022.png
Map of tornado warnings and confirmed tornadoes from the derecho.

In the leadup to the derecho, temperatures were very warm. Sioux Falls, South Dakota saw a high of 94 °F (34 °C). Temperatures in the 90s helped fuel the severe weather that later erupted over the Great Plains. [5] On May 10, 2022, the Storm Prediction Center noted the elevated probabilities for severe weather to materialize, as atmospheric conditions over western Minnesota, northwestern Iowa, northeastern Nebraska, eastern South Dakota, and southeastern North Dakota were favorable for thunderstorms to develop. The development of a mid-level shortwave trough in this area, combined with the arrival of a cold front over a low-pressure area in the vicinity of the Dakotas, prompted the issuance of a Day 3 enhanced risk over the area, with a large 30% hatched area (indicating a ≥10% chance of significant severe weather) for severe weather to develop. The next day, the SPC maintained the enhanced risk for the same general areas of the upper Great Plains, but introduced a large 30% area for damaging winds, alongside a smaller 45% corridor for destructive winds over southwestern Minnesota, eastern South Dakota, and extreme northwestern Iowa. A 10%, unhatched area for tornadoes (indicating a <10% chance of EF2 or stronger tornadoes) was also included in the outlook, placed over northeastern South Dakota, southeastern North Dakota, and west-central Minnesota. While the outlook favored a more linear mode composed of a long squall line, the possibilities for individual supercell thunderstorms was also discussed. [6]

As the day of the event arrived, the SPC maintained the enhanced risk for the same general areas as the overall expected scenario, but part of the 45% wind risk area was hatched at the 1300 UTC outlook, requiring the issuance of a moderate risk in its 1300 UTC outlook centered in west-central Minnesota, eastern South Dakota, and extreme southeastern North Dakota. At 1525 UTC, the SPC issued a PDS Severe Thunderstorm Watch [7] for a prolific wind event with hazards of winds expected of 105 MPH. By 1630 UTC, the SPC slightly expanded the moderate risk area to encompass more area of east-central South Dakota. The outlook also introduced a small 10% hatched corridor for tornadoes, noting the possibilities for a few strong tornadoes to occur ahead of the main line. 3500-4500 J/kg CAPE values placed themselves over the area of concern, alongside 300-500 m2/s2 helicity and 45-55-kt wind shear, hence the increase for tornado potential. However, the main risk continued to be severe wind. [6]

As the evening advanced, the forecasted severe line of thunderstorms developed in the central Great Plains, eventually advancing towards the greatest area of concern. As such, hundreds of wind reports were received by the SPC over the course of the day, some discussing wind gusts of up to 105 miles per hour (169 km/h), as was the case in Tripp, South Dakota. Multiple reports of fatalities were received, as the damaging winds claimed at least three lives throughout the Plains. [8] At least three people were killed by the storms. [3] [9] While the event was primarily dominated by the severe derecho that developed, multiple tornadoes were also reported, mainly in South Dakota and Minnesota. A brief but high-end EF2 tornado caused severe damage in the town of Gary, South Dakota, [10] while a long-tracked EF2 tornado impacted Wadena County, Minnesota, causing damage to vehicles and barns along its track. [11]

Impact

EF2 tornado damage to a home south of Gary, South Dakota. EF2 damage Gary, South Dakota 2022.jpg
EF2 tornado damage to a home south of Gary, South Dakota.

The derecho affected portions of northeastern Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, southeastern North Dakota, and South Dakota. Its strong winds lofted and accumulated a thick cloud of dust, resulting in a haboob that accompanied the derecho. [8] South Dakota governor Kristi Noem reported that 28 counties in the state sustained damage, with the severity of the effects leading to a declaration of a state of emergency. A wind gust of 107 mph (172 km/h) was measured near Tripp, South Dakota. [3] In Madison, South Dakota, wind gusts topped out at 97 mph (156 km/h). [8] At least three people were killed by the storms. [3] Two people in Minnehaha County, including one in Sioux Falls, were killed by flying debris from the storm. Another person was killed in Kandiyohi County, Minnesota, after a grain bin was thrown onto a vehicle by strong winds. [8] Severe weather suspended a baseball game between the Minneapolis Twins and Houston Astros. [12] With 68 hurricane-force wind gusts, this broke the record from December 15, 2021, for the most hurricane-force wind gusts in a derecho. [13] Portions of I-29 and I-90 closed. [14]

Confirmed tornadoes

Confirmed tornadoes by Enhanced Fujita rating
EFUEF0EF1EF2EF3EF4EF5Total
1917500032

May 12 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Thursday, May 12, 2022 [note 1]
EF# LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax widthSummary
EF2E of Estelline Deuel SD 44°34′23″N96°50′20″W / 44.5731°N 96.8389°W / 44.5731; -96.8389 (Estelline (May 12, EF2)) 22:39–22:400.44 mi (0.71 km)40 yd (37 m)The roof was ripped off a large and well-built dairy barn, a camper was tipped over, and several outbuildings were damaged or destroyed. [15]
EF1WSW of Thomas Hamlin SD 44°44′20″N97°17′23″W / 44.7388°N 97.2897°W / 44.7388; -97.2897 (Thomas (May 12, EF1)) 22:40–22:410.52 mi (0.84 km)20 yd (18 m)A brief tornado impacted a residence while the family was outside, forcing them to seek shelter under a tractor, resulting in one injury. A newly built machine shed had its roof completely removed and exterior walls damaged. Debris from the structure was scattered into trees, and the tops of trees were snapped off. [16]
EF0NNW of Naples Clark SD 44°49′56″N97°32′57″W / 44.8322°N 97.5491°W / 44.8322; -97.5491 (Naples (May 12, EF0)) 22:45–22:460.32 mi (0.51 km)10 yd (9.1 m)A barn lost half of its roof, with debris scattered 0.3 miles (0.48 km) away. Large tree branches were snapped as well. [17]
EF2 Castlewood Hamlin SD 44°43′01″N97°01′40″W / 44.717°N 97.0279°W / 44.717; -97.0279 (Castlewood (May 12, EF2)) 22:45–22:491.96 mi (3.15 km)80 yd (73 m)A strong rope tornado caused severe damage in Castlewood, where multiple homes sustained partial to total roof loss, and a few sustained some collapse of exterior walls. A small and poorly anchored funeral home visitation center was blown off its foundation and destroyed, along with several sheds and detached garages. A school building had a large section of its roof blown off and sustained some damage to the upper portions of its brick exterior walls. A school bus shed was also destroyed, and many trees and power poles were snapped in town. Some outbuildings were damaged and hay bales were tossed outside of town as well. One person was injured. [18]
EF0NNE of Raymond Clark SD 44°59′24″N97°54′20″W / 44.99°N 97.9055°W / 44.99; -97.9055 (Raymond (May 12, EF0)) 22:450.02 mi (0.032 km)10 yd (9.1 m)An eyewitness reported a brief tornado. No damage occurred. [19]
EF2S of Gary Deuel SD 44°46′24″N96°27′35″W / 44.7733°N 96.4598°W / 44.7733; -96.4598 (Gary (May 12, EF2)) 22:58–23:000.43 mi (0.69 km)60 yd (55 m)A brief but strong high-end EF2 tornado struck a farm, ripping the entire roof off a house and destroying most of its exterior walls. An occupant was injured when a refrigerator fell into the basement. The home's attached garage was blown off its foundation, and a pickup truck was pushed at least 6 feet (1.8 m). The family's dog was blown out of the house but survived with only minor injuries. Nearby outbuildings were damaged, and debris was scattered through a field and impaled into the ground. A semi-truck was rotated and flipped onto its side, and trees were also damaged. [20]
EF1NNW of Gary Deuel SD 44°48′59″N96°29′19″W / 44.8163°N 96.4886°W / 44.8163; -96.4886 (Gary (May 12, EF1)) 22:59–23:032.05 mi (3.30 km)10 yd (9.1 m)A barn roof was damaged, and a horse trailer was rolled multiple times at a farm. At a second residence, a tree fell on to the corner of the house and an anchor-bolted single stall garage was overturned, while a second garage to the north lost two thirds of its roof panels. Another machine shed had a portion of the south wall pushed in, and a mostly empty grain bin was also ripped from its foundation and tossed across a road. [21]
EF1WNW of Rauville Codington SD 45°00′17″N97°11′25″W / 45.0048°N 97.1902°W / 45.0048; -97.1902 (Rauville (May 12, EF1)) 23:02–23:030.2 mi (0.32 km)50 yd (46 m)A house had its attached garage and part of its roof torn off. An outbuilding was destroyed, with debris scattered at least 0.5 miles (0.80 km) away. [22]
EF1N of Garden City Clark SD 45°00′04″N97°34′39″W / 45.0011°N 97.5774°W / 45.0011; -97.5774 (Garden City (May 12, EF1)) 23:02–23:030.49 mi (0.79 km)20 yd (18 m)A tornado touched down on a farm, where a barn lost a majority of its roof and external walls. Some wooden 2x4s from the structure were impaled into the ground, and one pierced through the attached garage of a house. Some sheet metal was wrapped around trees, and debris was tossed about 0.25 miles (0.40 km) from where it originated. [23]
EF1E of Tunerville Deuel SD 44°53′03″N96°39′07″W / 44.8841°N 96.652°W / 44.8841; -96.652 (Tunerville (May 12, EF1)) 23:05–23:070.24 mi (0.39 km)50 yd (46 m)A tornado impacted a hunting lodge property, damaging corn, trees, and the main lodge house which lost half of its roof. A camper was picked up and dropped on its roof as well. [24]
EF1 Madison Lac qui Parle MN 45°00′21″N96°11′09″W / 45.0059°N 96.1859°W / 45.0059; -96.1859 (Madison (May 12, EF1)) 23:09–23:110.89 mi (1.43 km)50 yd (46 m)A house had its roof removed, other homes in Madison sustained more minor damage, a camper was rolled, and three light poles were bent over at a baseball field, including one that had its cement support ripped out of the ground. There was also extensive tree damage throughout the town as well. [25]
EF1S of Webster Day SD 45°14′05″N97°29′41″W / 45.2348°N 97.4948°W / 45.2348; -97.4948 (Webster (May 12, EF1)) 23:13–23:140.12 mi (0.19 km)35 yd (32 m)An outbuilding had its roof ripped off and interior wall knocked over, with debris was tossed over 250 yards (230 m) away. A calving shed was rolled, an animal trailer was tipped over, and a windmill was overturned and twisted. [26]
EF1NW of Nassau Grant SD 45°05′18″N96°28′47″W / 45.0884°N 96.4798°W / 45.0884; -96.4798 (Nassau (May 12, EF1)) 23:15–23:160.55 mi (0.89 km)20 yd (18 m)A machine shed shop was badly damaged along with two sheds on a property. [27]
EF1N of Twin Brooks Grant SD 45°13′04″N96°46′53″W / 45.2177°N 96.7813°W / 45.2177; -96.7813 (Twin Brooks (May 12, EF1)) 23:19–23:211.3 mi (2.1 km)10 yd (9.1 m)A calf shed was tossed, a stave silo was moved off its foundation, and a pole barn was severely damaged; its west wall was collapsed, and the south wall pushed in. A wooden grain bin was pushed 300 feet (91 m), and two empty grain bins were destroyed and tossed. A cattle trailer was pushed about 100 feet (30 m) and rolled into a creek. [28]
EF1E of Louisburg Lac qui Parle MN 45°08′53″N96°07′31″W / 45.1481°N 96.1252°W / 45.1481; -96.1252 (Louisburg (May 12, EF1)) 23:19–23:211.08 mi (1.74 km)50 yd (46 m)A house had its roof blown off and sustained damage to its front exterior wall. Debris was scattered into a field, and trees were snapped. [29]
EF0WNW of Sunburg Swift MN 45°21′12″N95°17′21″W / 45.3534°N 95.2893°W / 45.3534; -95.2893 (Sunburg (May 12, EF0)) 23:50–23:522.03 mi (3.27 km)50 yd (46 m)Several trees were uprooted or snapped. Tin was peeled off of sides and roofs of outbuildings. Trailers were tipped and various farm equipment were heavily damaged. Some large trees branches were blown away. [30]
EF1E of Dumont Traverse MN 45°42′54″N96°18′26″W / 45.7151°N 96.3072°W / 45.7151; -96.3072 (Dumont (May 12, EF1)) 23:51–23:531.81 mi (2.91 km)20 yd (18 m)An outbuilding was heavily damaged, with its debris being scattered 0.25 miles (0.40 km) away. Several large, well-anchored, and mostly empty grain bins were destroyed, with their debris tossed into nearby trees. [31]
EF0S of New Effington Roberts SD 45°46′59″N96°55′41″W / 45.783°N 96.9281°W / 45.783; -96.9281 (New Effington (May 12, EF0)) 23:52–23:530.33 mi (0.53 km)10 yd (9.1 m)Eyewitnesses reported a brief tornado. No damage occurred. [32]
EF0S of Lowry Pope MN 45°39′59″N95°31′40″W / 45.6663°N 95.5279°W / 45.6663; -95.5279 (Lowry (May 12, EF0)) 23:52–23:541.92 mi (3.09 km)25 yd (23 m)About two dozen trees were uprooted or broken. A metal shed was also destroyed. [33]
EF0SSE of Charlesville Traverse MN 45°50′35″N96°15′58″W / 45.843°N 96.2661°W / 45.843; -96.2661 (Charlesville (May 12, EF0)) 23:59–00:034.41 mi (7.10 km)20 yd (18 m)Several trees were uprooted, outbuildings were severely damaged, and two homes had portions of their garage roofs ripped off. Silos were damaged as well. [34]
EFUS of Sergeant Bluff Woodbury IA 42°21′33″N96°20′30″W / 42.3592°N 96.3417°W / 42.3592; -96.3417 (Sergeant Bluff (May 12, EFU)) 00:01–00:020.08 mi (0.13 km)50 yd (46 m)A video showed a brief tornado crossing I-29 but no damage was found. [35]
EF1E of Charlesville Grant MN 45°57′N96°16′W / 45.95°N 96.26°W / 45.95; -96.26 (Charlesville (May 12, EF1)) 00:07–00:102.94 mi (4.73 km)50 yd (46 m)Several tree limbs were broken, two wooden power poles were cracked, and two others were left leaning. [36]
EF1W of Le Mars Richland ND 45°58′N96°43′W / 45.96°N 96.72°W / 45.96; -96.72 (Le Mars (May 12, EF1)) 00:10–00:133.39 mi (5.46 km)150 yd (140 m)Several tree branches were snapped. Two wooden power poles were cracked, and two others were left leaning. [37]
EF1Northwestern Alexandria to Lake Carlos Douglas MN 45°54′22″N95°23′48″W / 45.9062°N 95.3967°W / 45.9062; -95.3967 (Alexandria (May 12, EF1)) 00:12–00:142.52 mi (4.06 km)200 yd (180 m)A high-end EF1 tornado touched down in the northern part of Alexandria, causing considerable damage in a residential area. A couple of homes had partial to total roof loss, while several others sustained less intense damage to roofing, siding, and windows. Sheds and detached garages were destroyed, and many trees were snapped or uprooted. Less intense tree and roof damage occurred at Lake Carlos before the tornado dissipated. [38]
EF2SW of Tenney to NNE of Campbell Wilkin MN 46°01′35″N96°28′59″W / 46.0263°N 96.483°W / 46.0263; -96.483 (Tenney (May 12, EF2)) 00:16–00:259.77 mi (15.72 km)100 yd (91 m)At least 23 power poles were cracked or snapped, and numerous large trees were snapped or uprooted in and around Campbell as well. Garage doors were blown in, and large steel grain bins at a grain elevator in town were partially caved in. [39]
EF0NE of Sauk Centre Stearns MN 45°44′41″N94°57′10″W / 45.7447°N 94.9528°W / 45.7447; -94.9528 (Sauk Centre (May 12, EF0)) 00:17–00:181.34 mi (2.16 km)25 yd (23 m)Over a dozen trees were uprooted or snapped. [40]
EF1W of Battle Lake Otter Tail MN 46°16′N95°45′W / 46.26°N 95.75°W / 46.26; -95.75 (Battle Lake (May 12, EF1)) 00:31–00:343.60 mi (5.79 km)100 yd (91 m)A single-wide manufactured home was flipped, metal roofing was ripped from a storage building, and numerous trees were snapped or uprooted along the path. [41]
EF1 Clarissa Todd MN 46°06′17″N94°57′46″W / 46.1046°N 94.9627°W / 46.1046; -94.9627 (Sauk Centre (May 12, EF0)) 00:33–00:363.28 mi (5.28 km)100 yd (91 m)Hundreds of trees were snapped or uprooted. Several outbuildings lost roofs. [42]
EF0NNE of Clitherall Otter Tail MN 46°18′44″N95°35′47″W / 46.3123°N 95.5963°W / 46.3123; -95.5963 (Clitherall (May 12, EF0)) 00:40–00:410.92 mi (1.48 km)50 yd (46 m)A waterspout began over West Mason Lake and moved onshore, snapping several tree branches. [43]
EF0 Cushing Morrison MN 46°06′57″N94°36′35″W / 46.1159°N 94.6098°W / 46.1159; -94.6098 (Cushing (May 12, EF0)) 00:46–00:482.87 mi (4.62 km)50 yd (46 m)A tornado uprooted hundreds of trees and tore the roofs off two buildings in Cushing. [44]
EF2SW of Verndale to ESE of Sebeka Todd, Wadena MN 46°21′29″N95°02′43″W / 46.3581°N 95.0453°W / 46.3581; -95.0453 (Verndale (May 12, EF2)) 00:50–01:1118.20 mi (29.29 km)500 yd (460 m)A low-end EF2 tornado snapped numerous power poles and large trees in Verndale and Blue Grass, some of which landed on and caused significant damage to homes and vehicles. Numerous farm buildings had their steel roofing and wall panels ripped off. Turkey barns and other metal buildings lost portions of their roofs as well. [45] [46]
EF1NE of Cushing Morrison MN 46°09′59″N94°31′11″W / 46.1664°N 94.5196°W / 46.1664; -94.5196 (Lake Alexander (May 12, EF1)) 00:51–00:543.59 mi (5.78 km)100 yd (91 m)Hundreds of trees were uprooted along the path. [47]

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As Hurricane Isaias moved up the East Coast of the United States, a damaging outbreak of 39 tornadoes impacted areas from South Carolina to Connecticut between August 3–4, 2020. The most significant tornado of the outbreak was a large and intense EF3 tornado that obliterated a mobile home park near Windsor, North Carolina, killing two and injuring 14. This was the strongest tornado in the United States to be spawned by a tropical cyclone since 2005. In the end, the outbreak killed two and injured 26.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tornadoes of 2021</span>

This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2021. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, Argentina, Australia and New Zealand. Tornadic events are often accompanied by other forms of severe weather, including strong thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail. Worldwide, 150 tornado-related deaths were confirmed with 103 in the United States, 28 in China, six in the Czech Republic, four in Russia, three in Italy, two in India, and one each in Canada, New Zealand, Indonesia, and Turkey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Ida tornado outbreak</span> 2021 tornado outbreak

Hurricane Ida generated a tornado outbreak as it traversed the Southeastern, Mid-Atlantic, and Northeastern United States. Thirty-six confirmed tornadoes touched down from Mississippi to Massachusetts; one person was killed in Upper Dublin Township, Pennsylvania, and several people were injured in Alabama, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. The most active and destructive part of the outbreak occurred during the afternoon of September 1, when several strong tornadoes struck Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, including an EF3 tornado which impacted Mullica Hill, New Jersey. The same storm later dropped an EF1 tornado that prompted a tornado emergency for Burlington, New Jersey and Croydon, and Bristol, Pennsylvania, the first of its kind in the Northeast, as well as the first such alert associated with a tropical cyclone or its remnants. This outbreak severely impacted New Jersey and the Philadelphia Metropolitan Area, a region which had been significantly impacted by strong tornadoes from another outbreak that occurred just over a month prior, as well as several weak tornadoes from the remnants of Tropical Storm Fred two weeks earlier. Overall, the 36 tornadoes killed one person and injured seven others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iowa tornado outbreak of July 2018</span> Weather event in Iowa, United States

On July 19 and 20, 2018, an unexpected strong tornado outbreak affected Iowa and nearby areas. The event was triggered mostly by three supercells that produced several tornadoes across southeastern Iowa east and southeast of Des Moines. Two of the tornadoes reached EF3 intensity, affecting Pella and Marshalltown. These were the strongest tornadoes to hit Iowa since June 22, 2015, when another EF3 tornado struck near Lovilia. Of the 37 injuries, 13 occurred in Pella, and 23 in Marshalltown, and one the following day in Indiana. The event was also notable due to the Table Rock Lake duck boat accident that killed 17 people and injured 7 others at Table Rock Lake, Missouri.

References

  1. ↑ Simon, Alexandra (13 May 2022). "2 dead, thousands impacted by power outages after two days of severe storms". KARE 11 News. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  2. ↑ "Man killed when storm topples grain bin in western Minnesota". Fox 9 KMSP. May 12, 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Wesner Childs, Jan (May 16, 2022). "One Person Dead, Several Injured in Derecho Across Midwest, Northern Plains". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  4. ↑ "Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Events". NOAA . July 2022. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
  5. ↑ Johnathon, Belles (May 13, 2022). "May Plains, Midwest Derecho Among Top Significant Severe Wind-Producing Events". The Weather Channel. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  6. 1 2 "SPC Severe Weather Event Review for Thursday May 12, 2022". www.spc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  7. ↑ "Storm Prediction Center PDS Severe Thunderstorm Watch 208". www.spc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-06.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Hauser, Christine; Jiménez, Jesus (May 13, 2022). "Haboob? Derecho? By Any Name, Plains Dust Storm Was Strong". The New York Times. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  9. ↑ Jan, Childs (May 13, 2022). "Three Dead, Damage Across Dozens of Communities After Derecho Slams Midwest, Northern Plains". The Weather Channel. TWC Product and Technology LLC. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  10. ↑ NWS Damage Survey for 05/12/22 Tornado Event (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ NWS Damage Survey for 05/12/22 Tornado Event (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ Severe Weather Suspends Twins Game, With Astros Leading 5-1, CBS Minnesota, May 12, 2022
  13. ↑ "May 12th, 2022, Significant Severe Event - Midwest Derecho". National Weather Service Grand Forks, North Dakota . Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  14. ↑ May Derecho Brings Widespread Damage to the Area, National Weather Service Sioux Falls, SD
  15. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  16. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  18. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  19. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  20. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  21. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  22. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  23. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  24. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  25. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  26. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  27. ↑ "Storm Events Database". ncdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  28. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  29. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  30. ↑ "Storm Events Database". ncdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  31. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  32. ↑ South Dakota Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  33. ↑ "Storm Events Database". ncdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  34. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  35. ↑ "Storm Events Database". ncdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  36. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  37. ↑ North Dakota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  38. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  39. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  40. ↑ "Storm Events Database". ncdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  41. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  42. ↑ "Storm Events Database". ncdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  43. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  44. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  45. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  46. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  47. ↑ Minnesota Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  1. ↑ All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.
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