| Metaphrynella sundana | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Microhylidae |
| Genus: | Metaphrynella |
| Species: | M. sundana |
| Binomial name | |
| Metaphrynella sundana (Peters, 1867) | |
| Synonyms | |
Calohyla sundanaPeters, 1867 | |
Metaphrynella sundana (Borneo treefrog or Bornean tree hole frog) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Borneo and found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia. [2]
Metaphrynella sundana are small frogs; adults measure up to about 25 mm (0.98 in) in snout–vent length. The body is stocky and the limbs are moderately short. Skin has rounded tubercles that are larger on the sides. [3] Colouration and texture show considerable variation. [4]
The male has a median subgular vocal sac. Males call at night from tree holes that are about 1–5 m (3 ft 3 in – 16 ft 5 in) meters above the ground. [3] Males are able to adjust their call to the resonance frequency of the tree hole they call from. [4]
The species' natural habitats are lowland primary rainforests to about 700 m (2,300 ft) asl. It is a common frog in primary and secondary rainforests. Reproduction takes place in tree holes with water. It is threatened by habitat loss from clear-cutting. [1] [4]
Pelophryne misera, the black flathead toad or Kinabalu dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to northwestern Borneo and known from Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), although its distribution is likely to be broader and might extend to Kalimantan (Indonesia). It was first described from specimens collected from Mount Kinabalu.
Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum, also known as the Rio Azuela glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in lower montane rainforests on the Amazonian Andean slopes in Ecuador and Peru. The specific name pellucidum is Latin for "transparent" and refers to the transparent parietal peritoneum of this species.
Phytotriades is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae. As currently delimited, the genus is monotypic and contains Phytotriades auratus, commonly known as the golden tree frog, bromeliad-dwelling treefrog, El Tucuche golden tree frog, or Trinidad heart-tongued frog.
Leptopelis macrotis, sometimes called the big-eyed forest tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is found in the rainforests of Sierra Leone, southern Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, and southern Ghana. Notice that similar common name "big-eyed tree frog" is sometimes used for Leptopelis vermiculatus from Tanzania and for Litoria exophthalmia from New Guinea.
Pristimantis orphnolaimus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to eastern Ecuador. It is sometimes known as the Lago Agrio robber frog, after its type locality, Lago Agrio. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Barygenys parvula is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to New Guinea and is only known from the Adelbert Mountains, an isolated coastal range on the north coast of Papua New Guinea. The specific name parvula is from the Latin adjective meaning small, in reference to the small size of this frog.
Kalophrynus intermedius is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is found in Brunei, south-central Sarawak (Malaysia), and Kalimantan (Indonesia). Common names intermediate sticky frog, Sarawak grainy frog, and Mengiong sticky frog have been proposed for it.
Metaphrynella pollicaris is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.
Nanohyla petrigena is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in northern and central Borneo and in the Sulu Archipelago of the Philippines. The common names pothole narrow-mouthed frog and Kapit rice frog have been coined for the species.
Oreophryne sibilans is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to West Papua, Indonesia. It is known from east of the main ridge of the Wondiwoi Mountains at the base of the Wandammen Peninsula, in the Papua province. Similar frogs have been collected from the Yapen island and the Fakfak Mountains, but it remains to be ascertained that these represent the same species. The specific name sibilans refers to the whistling advertisement call of the species.
Phrynobatrachus guineensis is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is found in Sierra Leone, southern Guinea, Liberia, and western Ivory Coast. Common name Guinea river frog has been coined for it, although it is actually associated with drier parts of primary rainforest.
Alcalus baluensis is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. It is endemic to northern and western Borneo. Its common name is Balu eastern frog or dwarf mountain frog. It was placed in the family Dicroglossidae before being transferred to Ceratobatrachidae in 2015.
The spiny tree frog is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the Philippines and occurs on Mindanao, Leyte, Bohol, and Basilan, possibly wider.
Philautus aurantium is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Borneo and found in the Mount Kinabalu region in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia. Philautus gunungensis is sometimes considered its subspecies, Philautus aurantium gunungensis.
Polypedates colletti is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in the Malay Peninsula, southern Vietnam, Borneo, Sumatra, and islands of the South China Sea.
Polypedates otilophus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Borneo where it is widespread and found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia, typically in the lowlands but sometimes as high as 1,100 m (3,600 ft) above sea level. This species has prominent, sharp ridges behind the eye, above the ear, referred to in its names.
Leptomantis gauni is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Borneo and is found in Sabah and central Sarawak (Malaysia), Brunei, and north-eastern Kalimantan (Indonesia). The specific name gauni honours Gaun Sureng, a collector for the Sarawak Museum and a companion to Robert F. Inger on field trips when this species was observed. Common names short-nosed tree frog and Inger's flying frog have been coined for it.
Leptomantis harrissoni, common name Harrisson's flying frog or brown tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to northern Borneo.
Leptomantis rufipes is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Borneo and known from isolated locations in south-central Sarawak and eastern Sabah and central Kalimantan (Indonesia). Common names Malaysian flying frog and red-legged frog have been coined for this species. The specific name rufipes refers to the red webbing of this frog.
Leptobrachella baluensis is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to montane northern Borneo in Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia) and northern Kalimantan (Indonesia). It has been in synonymy with Leptobrachella mjobergi, but is now treated as a valid species.
