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Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.
Calappa is a genus of crabs known commonly as box crabs or shame-faced crabs. The name box crab comes from their distinctly bulky carapace, and the name shame-faced is from anthropomorphising the way the crab's chelae (claws) fold up and cover its face, as if it were hiding its face in shame.
Portunidae is a family of crabs which contains the swimming crabs.
Charybdis is a genus of swimming crabs in the family Portunidae; "Charybdis" is Greek for whirlpool.
Maja is a genus of majid crabs erected by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1801. It includes the following extant species:
Calappidae is a family of crabs containing 16 genera, of which 7 are only known as fossils:
The Varunidae are a family of thoracotrematan crabs. The delimitation of this family, part of the taxonomically confusing Grapsoidea, is undergoing revision. For a long time, they were placed at the rank of subfamily in the Grapsidae, but they appear to be closest to Macropthalmus and the Mictyridae, which are usually placed in the Ocypodoidea. It may thus be better to merge the latter superfamily with the Grapsoidea, retaining the latter name as it is older.
Pilumnoidea is a superfamily of crabs, whose members were previously included in the Xanthoidea. The three families are unified by the free articulation of all the segments of the male crab's abdomen and by the form of the gonopods. The earliest fossils assigned to this group are of Eocene age.
Actumnus is a genus of crabs in the family Pilumnidae. Alongside the 28 extant species, it has a fossil record extending back into the Miocene.
Etisus is a genus of crabs, containing the following extant species:
Inachidae is a family of crabs, containing 39 genera:
Pugettia is a genus of kelp crabs, in the family Epialtidae. It comprises the following species:
Metapenaeopsis, the velvet shrimps, is a prawn genus in the family Penaeidae. It contains these species:
Leucosiidae is a family of crabs containing three subfamilies and a number of genera incertae sedis:
Hypocolpus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Pilumnus is a genus of crabs, containing the following species:
Achaeus is a genus of crabs comprising the following species:
Ebalia is a genus of crab in the family Leucosiidae.
Rochinia is a genus of crab in the family Epialtidae, containing the following species:
Austruca is a genus of indo-west Pacific fiddler crabs in the family Ocypodidae. There are about 13 described species in this genus.
References
- ↑ P. Davie (2010). "Mursia Desmarest, 1823". World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved December 6, 2010.
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