N11 (emission nebula)

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N11
Emission nebula
superbubble [ citation needed ]
N11 legacy dr10 small annotated map.jpg
An annotated image of N11. Image is from the legacy surveys
Observation data: J2000.0 epoch
Right ascension 04h 56m 46.2s [1]
Declination −66° 28′ 27″ [1]
Distance160,000 [2]   ly
Constellation Dorado
Physical characteristics
Radius 500 [3]  ly
DesignationsLMC N11, LHA 120-N 11, Bean Nebula
See also: Lists of nebulae
Large Magellanic Cloud with N11 at top left (forming the northwest corner) Eso1021d.jpg
Large Magellanic Cloud with N11 at top left (forming the northwest corner)

N11 (also known as LMC N11, LHA 120-N 11) is the brightest emission nebula in the north-west part of the Large Magellanic Cloud in the Dorado constellation. [4] The N11 complex is the second largest H II region of that galaxy, the largest being the Tarantula Nebula. It covers an area approximately 6 arc minutes across. [5] It has an elliptical shape and consists of a large bubble, generally clear interstellar area, surrounded by nine large nebulae. [6] It was named by Karl Henize in 1956. [7]

Contents

When close-up, the nebula has pink clouds of glowing gas which resembles candy floss. [7] It has been well studied over the years and extends 1,000 light-years across.[ citation needed ]

Its particularly notable features include a huge cavity measuring 80 by 60 pc and a five million year old central cluster (NGC 1761). It is surrounded by several ionized clouds where young O stars are forming. [8] [9] Several massive stars are within it, including LH 9, LH 10, LH 13, LH 14. It includes a supernova remnant N11L. [10] In the very centre of NGC 1761 is a bright multiple star HD 32228 which contains a rare blue Wolf-Rayet star, type WC5 or WC6, and an O-type bright giant. [11]

Bean Nebula

The brightest nebulosity within N11 is the northern region N11B (NGC 1763), also known as the Bean Nebula because of its shape.

Other most notable nebulae

On N11B's north-east edge is the more compact N11A, known as the Rose Nebula, which has rose-like petals of gas and dust and are illuminated due to the massive hot stars within its centre. [12] It is also known as IC 2116 and was catalogued as a star HD 32340.

The east side of the N11 complex is N11C (NGC 1769), an emission nebula containing at least two compact open clusters. [13]

Outside the main "bubble" of N11 to the northeast is N11E, also known as NGC 1773, a small bright nebula containing several massive young stars. The south portion of the bubble is N11F, also called NGC 1760. The western portion of the bubble is faint and poorly-defined. [6]

To the south-west of N11 is the 7th magnitude red giant HD 31754, a foreground star/star system, lying close to our sightline with open cluster NGC 1733. Three farther galaxies visible from most southern deep space telescopes and observatories are west of N11: the pair PGC 16243 and PGC 16244; and LEDA 89996. To the south of them lie NGC 1731 and TYC 8889-619-1 [4] which are part of the galaxy's N4 complex. The bright globular cluster NGC 1783 figures to the north of N11.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dorado</span> Constellation in the southern sky

Dorado is a constellation in the Southern Sky. It was named in the late 16th century and is now one of the 88 modern constellations. Its name refers to the mahi-mahi, which is known as dorado ("golden") in Spanish, although it has also been depicted as a swordfish. Dorado contains most of the Large Magellanic Cloud, the remainder being in the constellation Mensa. The South Ecliptic pole also lies within this constellation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Large Magellanic Cloud</span> Magellanic spiral galaxy that is a satellite of the Milky Way in the constellation Dorado

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. At a distance of around 50 kiloparsecs (160 kly), the LMC is the second- or third-closest galaxy to the Milky Way, after the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal (c. 16 kpc (52 kly) away) and the possible dwarf irregular galaxy called the Canis Major Overdensity. Based on the D25 isophote at the B-band (445 nm wavelength of light), the Large Magellanic Cloud is about 9.86 kpc (32.2 kly) across. It is roughly one-hundredth the mass of the Milky Way and is the fourth-largest galaxy in the Local Group, after the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), the Milky Way, and the Triangulum Galaxy (M33).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarantula Nebula</span> H II region in the constellation Dorado

The Tarantula Nebula is a large H II region in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), forming its south-east corner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North America Nebula</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Cygnus

The North America Nebula is an emission nebula in the constellation Cygnus, close to Deneb. It is named because its shape resembles North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6822</span> Galaxy in the constellation Sagittarius

NGC 6822 is a barred irregular galaxy approximately 1.6 million light-years away in the constellation Sagittarius. Part of the Local Group of galaxies, it was discovered by E. E. Barnard in 1884, with a six-inch refractor telescope. It is the closest non-satellite galaxy to the Milky Way, but lies just outside its virial radius. It is similar in structure and composition to the Small Magellanic Cloud. It is about 7,000 light-years in diameter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sh2-279</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Orion

Sh2-279 is an HII region and bright nebulae that includes a reflection nebula located in the constellation Orion. It is the northernmost part of the asterism known as Orion's Sword, lying 0.6° north of the Orion Nebula. The reflection nebula embedded in Sh2-279 is popularly known as the Running Man Nebula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2080</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Dorado

NGC 2080, also known as the Ghost Head Nebula, is a star-forming region and emission nebula to the south of the 30 Doradus (Tarantula) nebula, in the southern constellation Dorado. It belongs to the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy to the Milky Way, which is at a distance of 168,000 light years. NGC 2080 was discovered by John Frederick William Herschel in 1834. The Ghost Head Nebula has a diameter of 50 light-years and is named for the two distinct white patches it possesses, called the "eyes of the ghost". The western patch, called A1, has a bubble in the center which was created by the young, massive star it contains. The eastern patch, called A2, has several young stars in a newly formed cluster, but they are still obscured by their originating dust cloud. Because neither dust cloud has dissipated due to the stellar radiation, astronomers have deduced that both sets of stars formed within the past 10,000 years. These stars together have begun to create a bubble in the nebula with their outpourings of material, called stellar wind.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">R136</span> Super star cluster in the constellation Dorado, in the Large Magellanic Cloud

R136 is the central concentration of stars in the NGC 2070 star cluster, which lies at the centre of the Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud. When originally named it was an unresolved stellar object but is now known to include 72 class O and Wolf–Rayet stars within 5 parsecs of the centre of the cluster. The extreme number and concentration of young massive stars in this part of the LMC qualifies it as a starburst region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 602</span> Open cluster in the constrellation Hydrus

NGC 602 is a young, bright open cluster of stars located in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), a satellite galaxy to the Milky Way. It is embedded in a nebula known as N90.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 346</span> Open cluster in the constellation Tucana

NGC 346 is a young open cluster of stars with associated nebula located in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) that appears in the southern constellation of Tucana. It was discovered August 1, 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as, "bright, large, very irregular figure, much brighter middle similar to double star, mottled but not resolved". On the outskirts of the cluster is the multiple star system HD 5980, one of the brightest stars in the SMC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LH 95</span> H II region in the constellation Dorado

LH 95 is a modestly sized stellar nursery in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is related to the HII-region LHA 120-N 55, that is, a region of hydrogen ionized by the bright stars of LH 95.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AB7</span> Binary star in the Small Magellanic Cloud in the constellation Tucana

AB7, also known as SMC WR7, is a binary star in the Small Magellanic Cloud. A Wolf–Rayet star and a supergiant companion of spectral type O orbit in a period of 19.56 days. The system is surrounded by a ring-shaped nebula known as a bubble nebula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1910</span> Star cluster in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1910, or LH-41, is an OB association in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1763</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1763 (also known as N11 B, LH 10 or ESO 85-EN20) is an emission nebula with an embedded star cluster in the Dorado constellation in the Large Magellanic Cloud, It is very bright, very large and very irregular. Its apparent size is about 3.0-5.0 arcmin. It is part of a large region of stars called LMC-N11 (N11) which was discovered with a 23-cm telescope by the astronomer James Dunlop in 1826 and was also observed by John Herschel in 1834. The nebula itself is catalogued under LHA 120-N 11B, LH 10 or ESO 85-EN20. It is also part of an area commonly known as the Bean Nebula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">N119</span> Spiral shaped H II region in the constellation Dorado

N119 is a spiral-shaped H II region in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Its dimensions are large, at 131 x 175 pc. It contains several luminous stars including S Doradus, LH41-1042, and LMC195-1. Its peculiar S-shaped structure is difficult to explain with classical models.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1846</span> Globular cluster in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1846 is a globular cluster containing hundreds of thousands of stars in the outer halo of the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered on November 6, 1826 by James Dunlop and is included in the New General Catalogue. At an aperture of 50 arcseconds, its apparent V-band magnitude is 10.68, but at this wavelength, it has 0.07 magnitudes of interstellar extinction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2035</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Dorado

NGC 2035 is an emission nebula and a H II region in the Dorado constellation and part of the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by James Dunlop on August 3, 1826. Its apparent size is 3.0.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2029</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Dorado

NGC 2029 is an emission nebula in the Dorado constellation and is part of the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is part of a complex of nebulae and stars, including NGC 2032, NGC 2035 and NGC 2040. It was discovered by James Dunlop on the 27 September 1826. Its apparent magnitude is 12.29, and its size is 2.25 arc minutes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1936</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1936 is an emission nebula which is part of the larger LMC-N44 nebula located in the Dorado constellation in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1834 and added to the Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars as NGC 1936. It was later observed by John Dunlop on September 27, 1936 and Williamina Fleming in 1901 and added to the Index Catalogue as IC 2127. Its apparent magnitude is 11.60.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1935</span> Emission nebula in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1935 is an emission nebula which is part of the larger LMC-N44 nebula in the Dorado constellation. NGC 1935 is also located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1834 and added to the Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars as NGC 1935, then was observed by Williamina Fleming in 1901 and later added to the Index Catalogue as IC 2126.

References

  1. 1 2 "NED results for object LMC:N011". NED. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "A Cauldron of Newborn Stars". Sky and Telescope. 23 July 2010. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  3. ↑ Cavagnaro, Leo. "The Observation of the Second Largest HII Region in the Large Magellanic Cloud". The Extragalactic HII Region N11 and Its Surrounding Field. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017.
  4. 1 2 "N11 complex in LMC". astronomy and observation. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  5. ↑ "Hubble view of the huge star formation region N11 in the Large Magellanic Cloud". Space Telescope. 22 June 2010. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  6. 1 2 Rosado, M.; Laval, A.; Le Coarer, E.; Georgelin Y., P.; Amram, P.; Marcelin, M.; Goldes, G.; Gach J., L. (1996). "Formation of the nebular complex N11 in the Large Magellanic Cloud". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 308: 588. Bibcode:1996A&A...308..588R.
  7. 1 2 "Hubble captures bubbles and baby stars". Space Telescope. 22 June 2010. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  8. ↑ Nowajewsky, P.; Rubio, M. (2006). "IR Study of N11 in the LMC". Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica, Serie de Conferencias. 26: 162. Bibcode:2006RMxAC..26..162N.
  9. ↑ Nowajewsky, P.; Rubio, M.; Barbá, R. (2006). "IR Study of N11 in the LMC". Harvard. 26. Bibcode:2006RMxAC..26..162N.
  10. ↑ Naze, Y; Antokhin, I. I; Rauw, G; Chu, Y. -H; Vreux, J. -M; Vreux, J.-M (2004). "XMM-Newton observations of the giant HII region N11 in the LMC". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 418 (3): 841. arXiv: astro-ph/0402623 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035633. S2CID   17722653.
  11. ↑ "Harry Observes the N11 complex in the LMC". MAAS. 16 November 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  12. ↑ "Hubble Captures Beautiful Baby Stars". Universe Today. 22 June 2010. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  13. ↑ "Hubble Sees Hidden Treasure in Large Magellanic Cloud". NASA. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
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