Gliese 163

Last updated
Gliese 163
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Dorado
Right ascension 04h 09m 15.66834s [1]
Declination −53° 22 25.2900 [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.79 [2]
Characteristics
Spectral type M3.5V [3]
B−V color index 1.480±0.008 [2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)58.30±0.24 [1]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 1046.236±0.019  mas/yr [1]
Dec.: 584.166±0.023  mas/yr [1]
Parallax (π)66.0705 ± 0.0172  mas [1]
Distance 49.36 ± 0.01  ly
(15.135 ± 0.004  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)10.91 [2]
Details
Mass 0.405±0.010 [4]   M
Radius 0.409+0.017
−0.016
[4]   R
Luminosity 0.02163±0.00063 [4]   L
Surface gravity (log g)4.87 [5]   cgs
Temperature 3,460+76
−74
[4]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.1±0.1 [6]   dex
Rotation 61.0±0.3 d [7]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)0.85 [8]  km/s
Age 5 [9]   Gyr
Other designations
GJ  163, HIP  19394, LHS  188, LTT  1881 [10]
Database references
SIMBAD data

Gliese 163 is a faint red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions in the southern constellation of Dorado. Other stellar catalog names for it include HIP 19394 and LHS 188. [10] It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 11.79 [2] and an absolute magnitude of 10.91. [2] This system is located at a distance of 49.4  light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements. [1] Judging by its space velocity components, it is most likely a thick disk star. [3]

This is a small M-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of M3.5V. [3] It has a relatively low activity level for a red dwarf of its mass, suggesting it is an old star with an age of at least two billion years. [6] This star has 41% of the mass and radius of the Sun. [4] It is spinning slowly with a projected rotational velocity of 0.85 km/s [8] and has a rotation period of 61 days. [7] The star is radiating just 2% [6] of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,460 K. [4]

Planetary system

In September 2012, astronomers using the HARPS instrument announced the discovery of two planets orbiting Gliese 163. [11] [12] The first planet, Gliese 163 b, is a super-Earth or mini-Neptune with an orbital period of 9 days, therefore far too hot to be considered habitable. However, Gliese 163 c, with an orbital period of 26 days and a minimum mass of 6.9 Earth masses, was considered to potentially be in the star's habitable zone, although it is hotter than Earth, with a temperature of 60 deg. C (140 deg. F). It has an eccentricity estimated to be about 0.03, giving it a fairly circular orbit. Evidence was also found for a third planet orbiting further out than c and b. [11] [12]

In June 2013, it was concluded that at least 3 planets orbit around the star with a fourth planet being a possibility, [6] and in a paper submitted to arXiv in June 2019, that and another planet were found, thus giving the system a total of five planets. [13]

The Gliese 163 planetary system [14] [13]
Companion
(in order from star)
Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)
Orbital period
(days)
Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 9.9±2.3  M🜨 0.060+0.005
−0.006
8.6312+0.0023
−0.0021
0.02+0.12
−0.02
c 7.6+2.9
−2.3
  M🜨
0.124+0.010
−0.013
25.637±0.0420.03+0.18
−0.03
f 6.8±4.4  M🜨 0.326+0.027
−0.034
109.5+1.6
−1.4
0.04+0.23
−0.04
e 13.6+8.2
−6.5
  M🜨
0.700±0.066349+12
−10
0.03+0.25
−0.03
d 20.2±7.6  M🜨 1.021+0.088
−0.118
604+29
−24
0.02+0.22
−0.02

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