The nebula N119; R85 is the brightest of the small triangle of stars in the lower right "arm". Credit: ESO | |
Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
---|---|
Constellation | Dorado |
Right ascension | 05h 17m 56.076s [1] |
Declination | −69° 16′ 03.77″ [1] |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 10.84 [2] (10.65 - 10.80 [3] ) |
Characteristics | |
Evolutionary stage | LBV [4] |
Spectral type | B5 Iae [3] |
Apparent magnitude (U) | 10.28 [2] |
Apparent magnitude (B) | 10.93 [2] |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 10.84 [2] |
Apparent magnitude (R) | 10.53 [2] |
Apparent magnitude (I) | 10.44 [2] |
Apparent magnitude (J) | 10.103 [1] |
Apparent magnitude (H) | 9.980 [1] |
Apparent magnitude (K) | 9.822 [1] |
U−B color index | −0.65 [2] |
B−V color index | +0.09 [2] |
Variable type | LBV [4] |
Astrometry | |
Radial velocity (Rv) | 292 [5] km/s |
Proper motion (μ) | RA: −1.0 [6] mas/yr Dec.: −2.3 [6] mas/yr |
Distance | 160,000 ly (50,000 [7] pc) |
Absolute magnitude (MV) | −8.2 –−8.5 [3] |
Details | |
1960 (minimum) | |
Radius | 135 [8] R☉ |
Luminosity | 350,000 [3] L☉ |
Temperature | 13,500 [3] K |
1983 - 1990 (maximum) | |
Luminosity | 315,000 [3] L☉ |
Temperature | 10,000 [3] K |
Other designations | |
Database references | |
SIMBAD | data |
R85 (or RMC 85, after the Radcliffe Observatory Magellanic Clouds catalog [5] ) is a candidate luminous blue variable [9] located in the LH-41 OB association [10] in the Large Magellanic Cloud.
R85 has been shown to vary erratically in brightness with an amplitude of about 0.3 magnitudes. It shows variations on several timescales, sometimes with a distinct 400 day period. It has also shown temperature changes associated with brightness changes over several years, a characteristic of luminous blue variables. [12]
Based on R85's current properties and evolutionary models, it probably started out with an initial mass of 28 M☉. [10] It is theorized to be making a bubble known as DEM L132a with its stellar wind in the nebula LHA-120 N119, along with S Doradus. [13] It has an infrared excess consistent with a stellar wind contribution. [4]
S Doradus is one of the brightest stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, located roughly 160,000 light-years away. The star is a luminous blue variable, and one of the most luminous stars known, having a luminosity varying widely above and below 1,000,000 times the luminosity of the Sun, although it is too far away to be seen with the naked eye.
Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are massive evolved stars that show unpredictable and sometimes dramatic variations in their spectra and brightness. They are also known as S Doradus variables after S Doradus, one of the brightest stars of the Large Magellanic Cloud. They are extraordinarily rare, with just 20 objects listed in the General Catalogue of Variable Stars as SDor, and a number of these are no longer considered LBVs.
P Cygni is a variable star in the constellation Cygnus. The designation "P" was originally assigned by Johann Bayer in Uranometria as a nova. Located about 5,300 light-years from Earth, it is a hypergiant luminous blue variable (LBV) star of spectral type B1-2 Ia-0ep that is one of the most luminous stars in the Milky Way.
Alpha Cygni variables are variable stars which exhibit non-radial pulsations, meaning that some portions of the stellar surface are contracting at the same time other parts expand. They are supergiant stars of spectral types B or A. Variations in brightness on the order of 0.1 magnitudes are associated with the pulsations, which often seem irregular, due to beating of multiple pulsation periods. The pulsations typically have periods of several days to several weeks.
R136 is the central concentration of stars in the NGC 2070 star cluster, which lies at the centre of the Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud. When originally named it was an unresolved stellar object but is now known to include 72 class O and Wolf–Rayet stars within 5 parsecs of the centre of the cluster. The extreme number and concentration of young massive stars in this part of the LMC qualifies it as a starburst region.
HD 37974 a variable B[e] hypergiant in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is surrounded by an unexpected dust disk.
Zeta1 Scorpii is a B-type hypergiant star in the constellation of Scorpius. It has an apparent visual magnitude which varies between 4.66 and 4.86. It is a member of the Scorpius OB1 association, and the open star cluster NGC 6231, also known as the "Northern jewel box" cluster. Around 36 times as massive as the Sun, it is also one of the most luminous stars known in the Galaxy, with an estimated bolometric luminosity of around 850,000 times that of the Sun and a radius 103 times that of the Sun.
HD 5980 is a multiple star system on the outskirts of NGC 346 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and is one of the brightest stars in the SMC.
HD 33579 is a white/yellow hypergiant and one of the brightest stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). It is a suspected variable star.
HD 168607 is a blue hypergiant and luminous blue variable (LBV) star located in the constellation of Sagittarius, easy to see with amateur telescopes. It forms a pair with HD 168625, also a blue hypergiant and possible luminous blue variable, that can be seen at the south-east of M17, the Omega Nebula.
V1429 Aquilae is a candidate luminous blue variable multiple star system located in the constellation of Aquila. It is often referred to by its Mount Wilson Observatory catalog number as MWC 314. It is a hot luminous star with strong emission lines in its spectrum.
HV 2112 is a cool luminous variable star in the Small Magellanic Cloud. Until 2018, it was considered to be the most likely candidate for a Thorne–Żytkow object, but it is now thought to be an asymptotic giant branch star.
R99 is a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud in the constellation Dorado. It is classified as a possible luminous blue variable and is one of the most luminous stars known.
HDE 316285 is a blue supergiant star in the constellation Sagittarius. It is a candidate luminous blue variable and lies about 6,000 light years away in the direction of the galactic centre.
R145 is a spectroscopic binary star in the Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud located in the constellation Dorado. Both components are amongst the most luminous known.
SMC 018136, also known as PMMR 37, is a red supergiant star located in the Small Magellanic Cloud. It is one of the largest stars and one of the most luminous SMC cool supergiants so far discovered, with a radius of 1,310 times that of the sun and a bolometric luminosity over 200,000 times more than Sun. If it were in the place of the Sun, its photosphere would at least engulf the orbit of Jupiter.
R71 is a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) in the constellation Mensa. It is classified as a luminous blue variable and is one of the most luminous stars in the LMC. It lies three arc-minutes southwest of the naked-eye star β Mensae.
HV 888, also known as WOH S140, is a red supergiant (RSG) star located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is among the largest known stars, with estimates of its radius ranging from 765 R☉ to over 1,700 R☉, and is also one of the most luminous of its type with a range of nearly 300,000 to over 500,000 times that of the Sun (L☉). The effective temperature is estimated to be around 3,500 K. If placed at the center of the Solar System, its photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter and possibly even Saturn.
WOH S264 is a large, highly luminous red supergiant star in the Large Magellanic Cloud.