NGC 7609

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NGC 7609
NGC 7609 HST.jpg
Hubble Space Telescope image of NGC 7609, the brightest galaxy located right
Observation data
Constellation Pegasus
Right ascension 23h 19m 30.05s
Declination +09d 30m 29.6s
Redshift 0.039624
Heliocentric radial velocity 11,879 km/s
Distance 554 Mly (170 Mpc)
Group or cluster Hickson 95
Apparent magnitude  (V)15.23
Characteristics
Type E3, E
Size207,000 ly
Notable features Interacting galaxy
Other designations
2MASX J23193006+0930295, PGC 71076, HCG 095A, SDSS J231930.07+093029.8, VV 20a, CGCG 406-065, MCG +01-59-047, ARP 150, NSA 151130, WISEA J231930.04+093029.9, V1CG 625 NED01

NGC 7609 or known as Arp 150 and HCG 95A, is a large elliptical galaxy located in Pegasus. [1] [2] Its speed relative to the cosmic microwave background is 11,879 km/s, which corresponds the galaxy to be located 554 million light-years away from Earth (169.7 Mpc). [3] NGC 7609 was discovered on October 5, 1864, by Albert Marth [4] and included in Halton Arp's, Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies in galaxies that produces jets. [5]

Contents

With a surface brightness of apparent magnitude 14.59, NGC 7609 is classified as a low surface brightness galaxy (LSB). [6] LSB galaxies are diffuse galaxies with surface brightness that is one less magnitude, of the night sky.

A pair of interacting galaxies

A SDSS survey image and from the Hubble Space Telescope, showed that NGC 7609 is interacting with nearby galaxy, PGC 71077 (HCG 95C) whose spiral arms is currently being absorbed by the larger entity. [7] A double-nuclei is present in HCG 95C, which is considered a merger remanent of two disk galaxies. [7] Two tidal tails [8] are also found in NGC 7609 and HCG 95C region, which seems to connect together, [9] and there is a linear bridge between two galaxies indicating nuclear activity is taking place in HCG 95C. [10] From the study written from Vilchez & Iglesias-Paramo in 1998, Hα emission is detected in the nuclei of both galaxies and also the larger tidal tails (the eastern tail). [11]

A long slit spectra of NGC 7609 shows, it exhibits red-shifted H-alpha +[N II] and [S II] emission lines that is indicative to a LINER-type AGN (Active Galactic Nucleus). [10]

Sloan Digital Sky Survey of NGC 7609 NGC7609 - SDSS DR14.jpg
Sloan Digital Sky Survey of NGC 7609

From the spatial profiles, this indicates non-nuclear starburst activity triggered by tidal forces while nuclear spectrum indicates non thermal activity. From the further IUE observations of HCG 95C, it presents a featureless continuum with transient outburst captured in one observation, showing galactic emission of red-shifted N v (1240 A) and C IV (1550 A). This result depicts HCG 95C is in the early stages of merging with NGC 7609. [10]

According to another study, it is suggested that a dwarf galaxy might have been created at the tip of the northern tidal tails. [12]

Hickson 95 group

NGC 7609 is a member of Hickson Compact Group 95. [13] [14] There are total of four galaxies in the group, in which the members are PGC 71074, PGC 71077 and PGC 71080. [15] [16] Of all the four galaxies, PGC 71080 (HCG 95B) is a foreground galaxy, as its line-of-sight velocity of 8000 km/s significantly differs from the velocity of the other members per published by Hickson et al. [17]

Presence of ultra-diffuse galaxies around HCG 95

A study mentions there is a detection of 89 candidate ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs), around NGC 7609 and HCG 95, in which one is linked with. It is a gas-rich galaxy with H i mass 1.1 x 10 M⊙, detected by Very Large Array, and has a stellar mass of M 1.8 x 10 M⊙. [18] This indicates that UDGs partially overlap with population of nearly dark galaxies found in deep H I surveys. The results show high abundance of blue UDGs in the HCG 95 field is favored by the poor galaxy cluster environment residing in H I-rich large-scale structures. [18]

Supernova

One supernova has been observed in NGC 7609. SN 1973M (type unknown, mag. 19) was discovered by Charles Kowal on 8 June 1973. [19] [20]

Related Research Articles

A Hickson Compact Group is a collection of galaxies designated as published by Paul Hickson in 1982.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5829</span> Galaxy in the constellation Boötes

NGC 5829 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Boötes. It is 281 million light-years away from Earth and was discovered by astronomer, Edouard Stephan in May 1882.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Galaxy group</span> Aggregation of galaxies with 50 or fewer members

A galaxy group or group of galaxies (GrG) is an aggregation of galaxies comprising about 50 or fewer gravitationally bound members, each at least as luminous as the Milky Way (about 1010 times the luminosity of the Sun); collections of galaxies larger than groups that are first-order clustering are called galaxy clusters. The groups and clusters of galaxies can themselves be clustered, into superclusters of galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3718</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3718, also called Arp 214, is a galaxy located approximately 52 million light years from Earth in the constellation Ursa Major. It is either a lenticular or spiral galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1741</span> Distant pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1741 is a distant pair of interacting galaxies in the Eridanus constellation. It was discovered on 6 January 1878 by French astronomer Édouard Stephan. As a result of the collision, the galaxies are in a rapid starburst phase. The galaxies are classed as Wolf–Rayet galaxies due to their high content of rare Wolf–Rayet stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3311</span> Galaxy in the constellation Hydra

NGC 3311 is a super-giant elliptical galaxy located about 190 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 30, 1835. NGC 3311 is the brightest member of the Hydra Cluster and forms a pair with NGC 3309 which along with NGC 3311, dominate the central region of the Hydra Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3860</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3860 is a spiral galaxy located about 340 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. NGC 3860 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785. The galaxy is a member of the Leo Cluster and is a low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN). Gavazzi et al. however classified NGC 3860 as a strong AGN which may have been triggered by a supermassive black hole in the center of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copeland Septet</span> A group of galaxies in the constellation Leo

The Copeland Septet is a group of galaxies in the constellation Leo that includes NGC 3748, NGC 3754, NGC 3750, NGC 3751, NGC 3745, NGC 3753 and NGC 3746. The group was discovered by British astronomer Ralph Copeland in 1874. The location of Copeland's Septet is right ascension 11h 37m 50s / declination +21° 59′ (2000.0), about three degrees northwest of third magnitude star 93 Leonis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 536</span> Galaxy in the constellation Andromeda

NGC 536 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It is located at a distance of circa 200 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 536 is about 180,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 13, 1784. It is a member of Hickson Compact Group 10, which also includes the galaxies NGC 529, NGC 531, and NGC 542. It belongs to the Perseus–Pisces Supercluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 531</span> Galaxy in the constellation Andromeda

NGC 531 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda with a visual magnitude of 10.51. It is a distance of 65.7 Mpc from the Sun. It is a member of the Hickson Compact Group HCG 10, and is interacting with the other members of the group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5910</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Serpens

NGC 5910 is an elliptical galaxy located about 540 million light-years away in the constellation Serpens. It was discovered by astronomer William Hershel on April 13, 1785. NGC 5910 is also a strong radio source with a conspicuous nuclear jet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7172</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus

NGC 7172 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. It is located at a distance of about 110 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7172 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 23, 1834.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3753</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3753 is a large spiral galaxy with a bar located in the Leo constellation. It is located 435 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered on February 9, 1874, by Ralph Copeland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3750</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3750 is a lenticular galaxy with a bar located in the constellation of Leo. It is located 450 million light-years from the Solar System and was discovered by Ralph Copeland on February 9, 1874.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3748</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3748 is a lenticular galaxy with a bar located in the Leo constellation. It is located 440 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered by Ralph Copeland on April 5, 1874, but also observed by Hermann Kobold, Lawrence Parsons and John Louis Emil Dreyer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3754</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3754 is a small barred spiral galaxy located in Leo. It is located 447 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered on April 5, 1874, by Ralph Copeland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3745</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3745 is a lenticular galaxy with a bar structure located in the constellation of Leo. NGC 3745 is located 471 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered by Ralph Copeland on April 5, 1874, but also observed by Hermann Kobold, Lawrence Parsons and John Louis Emil Dreyer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3751</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3751 is a type E-S0 lenticular galaxy located in the Leo constellation. It is located 450 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered by Ralph Copeland on April 5, 1874.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 2759</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Leo

IC 2759 is a small type E elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Leo. It is located 350 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered on April 24, 1897, by Guillaume Bigourdan. Sometimes IC 2759 is confused with the spiral galaxy, PGC 34882 which is located south of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5098</span> Binary pair of distant galaxies in Canes Venatici constellation

NGC 5098 are a binary pair of distant galaxies located in Canes Venatici constellation. They are made up of one Type E elliptical galaxy, PGC 46529 or NGC 5098 NED01 located east and one Type ES-0 lenticular galaxy, PGC 46515 or NGC 5098 NED02 located west. Both galaxies are located 559 million light-years away from the Solar System and were discovered on April 29, 1827, by John Herschel.

References

  1. ↑ "NGC 7609". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  2. ↑ "NGC 7609 - galaxy. Description NGC 7609". kosmoved.ru. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  3. ↑ "NED Search Results for NGC 7609 NED01". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  4. ↑ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 7600 - 7649". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  5. ↑ "ARP Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  6. ↑ "Data from Revised NGC and IC catalogue by Wolfgang Steinickle from NGC 7600 - 7699". astrovalleyfield.ca. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  7. 1 2 Iglesias-Páramo, J.; Vílchez, José M. (1997-11-01). "The Onset of a Three-Galaxy Merger in the Compact Group of Galaxies HCG 95?". The Astrophysical Journal. 489 (1): L13–L16. Bibcode:1997ApJ...489L..13I. doi:10.1086/310953. ISSN   0004-637X.
  8. ↑ Rodrigue, M.; Schultz, A.; Thompson, J.; Colegrove, T.; Spight, L. D.; Disanti, M.; Fink, U.; Grundy, W.; Fricke, K.; Papaderos, P. (1995-06-01). "A Multiwavelength Investigation of the Merging Galaxy HCG 95C". The Astronomical Journal. 109: 2362. Bibcode:1995AJ....109.2362R. doi:10.1086/117456. ISSN   0004-6256.
  9. ↑ Rocha, C. Da; De Oliveira, C. Mendes. "Intragroup diffuse light in compact groups of galaxies: HCG 79, 88 and 95". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  10. 1 2 3 Rodrigue, M.; Schultz, A.; Thompson, J.; Colegrove, T.; Spight, L. D.; Disanti, M.; Fink, U.; Grundy, W.; Fricke, K.; Papaderos, P. (1995). "1995AJ....109.2362R Page 2362". The Astronomical Journal. 109: 2362. Bibcode:1995AJ....109.2362R. doi:10.1086/117456 . Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  11. ↑ Vilchez, J. M.; Iglesias-Paramo, J. (July 1998). "Atlas of Hα Emission of a Sample of Nearby Hickson Compact Groups of Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 117 (1): 1–24. Bibcode:1998ApJS..117....1V. doi:10.1086/313115. ISSN   0067-0049.
  12. ↑ Iglesias-Páramo, J.; Vílchez, J. M. (1998-05-01). "Detailed Photometric Study of the Merging Group of Galaxies HCG 95". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (5): 1791–1800. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1791I. doi:10.1086/300333. ISSN   0004-6256.
  13. ↑ de Oliveira, C. Mendes; Da Rocha, C.; Rabaça, C. R.; Pereira, D. N. E.; Bolte, M. (2003), "Optical Diffuse Light in Nearby Compact Groups", Extragalactic Globular Cluster Systems, Eso Astrophysics Symposia, pp. 191–195, arXiv: astro-ph/0210576 , doi:10.1007/10857603_31, ISBN   3-540-40472-4
  14. ↑ Hickson, P. (1982). "1982ApJ...255..382H Page 382". The Astrophysical Journal. 255: 382. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838 . Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  15. ↑ "Hickson Group". www.astrosurf.com. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  16. ↑ "Hickson Compact Groups - Faint Fuzzies". www.faint-fuzzies.de. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  17. ↑ Hickson, Paul; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia; Huchra, John P.; Palumbo, Giorgio G. (1992-11-01). "Dynamical Properties of Compact Groups of Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 399: 353. Bibcode:1992ApJ...399..353H. doi:10.1086/171932. ISSN   0004-637X.
  18. 1 2 Shi, Dong Dong; Zheng, Xian Zhong; Zhao, Hai Bin; Pan, Zhi Zheng; Li, Bin; Zou, Hu; Zhou, Xu; Guo, KeXin; An, Fang Xia; Li, Yu Bin (2017-08-29). "Deep Imaging of the HCG 95 Field. I. Ultra-diffuse Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 846 (1): 26. arXiv: 1708.00013 . Bibcode:2017ApJ...846...26S. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8327 . ISSN   0004-637X.
  19. ↑ Kowal, C. T.; Zwicky, F.; Sargent, W. L. W.; Searle, L. (1974). "The 1973 Palomar Supernova Search". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 86: 516. doi: 10.1086/129639 .
  20. ↑ "SN 1973M". Transient Name Server. IAU . Retrieved 2 December 2024.
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