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 NRS 107 in het Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum in Utrecht | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The NS 1600 was a series of steam engines of the Dutch national railways, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS), Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) and Nederlandsche Rhijnspoorweg-Maatschappij (NRS).
Two locomotives of this series were involved in the train disaster at Twello (The Netherlands) in 1900.
The Nederlandsche Rhijnspoorweg-Maatschappij (NRS) ordered nine locomotives numbered 101–109 at Sharp Stewart and Company located in Glasgow in 1899. The axle configuration of these locomotives was 2'B. These were the first locomotives in The Netherlands with a bogie in front of the driving wheels. Originally these locomotives were equipped with a speedometer of the system Kapteyn, which was driven by one of the axles of the bogie. A sanding system of Gresham & Craven was fitted as well.
A year after the order of these locomotives, the NRS was disbanded and these were its last locomotives ordered. The equipment of the disbanded railroad was split over Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) and Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS); each railroad receiving the same number of locomotives randomly being assigned. Locomotives 101, 102, 103, 108 and 109 transferred to the SS and were renumbered in SS numbers 1101-1103 and 1108–1109. Locomotives 104-107 transferred to HSM and were renumbered HSM 350–353. As the locomotives were too long for the small SS turntables, the SS transferred them in 1891 to the HSM, where they were renumbered 354–358. They were nicknamed "Rhijnbogen" at the HSM in honour of their NRS heritage and their bogies.
At the merger of the equipment of HSM and SS in 1921, the locomotives were numbered in the NS 1601–1609. The locomotives were taken out of service between 1935 and 1938, with the exception of 1604. This locomotive continued in service until 1940. Locomotive 1604 was chosen for inclusion in the collection of the Dutch Railway Museum (Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum). To this purpose it was stored in the locomotive facility in Maastricht. On 8 September 1944 the locomotive was severely damaged due to war activities. After the complete liberation of The Netherlands, the NS main service center in Tilburg fully restored the locomotive. The locomotive was restored to the brown outfit of the NRS, with its original number 107. The locomotive has been on display in the Spoorwegmuseum since March 1955. After the completion of modernization of the Spoorwegmuseum, completed in 2005, the locomotive can be viewed from the bottom as well.
The HSM was impressed by the service of the locomotive, and ordered an additional 40 locomotives at Sharp Steward and Company. These additional locomotives had a wider smokebox, a chimney with a crown and rising support plates next to the smokebox. The additional units entered service between 1891 and 1892, with numbers 359–398. In 1900 another 5 locomotives were ordered at Sharp Stewart and Company and delivered with numbers 399–403.
In 1903 another 5 units were added to the order. These locomotives were built by the North British Locomotive Company, into which Sharp Stewart and Company was included. They were numbered 404–408. In 1921 the locomotives were renumbered in NS 1610–1659. These last units had a higher steam pressure and a larger tractive force of 5030 kg. The steam dome was located further to the rear on the boiler.
Later in their career nine locomotives (350-358) received tenders from HSM 600 series locomotives (601-605 and 609–612) when these units entered service in 1895 and 1896. These new tenders had larger water and coal capacity and were more suitable for fast-train service. Numbers 1614, 1633, 1636, 1636 and 1646 did get a superheater installed in 1921. Due to poor results, the planned application to the other units was cancelled. The locomotives were withdrawn from service starting from 1936 to 1949. Unit 1614, withdrawn from service in 1938, was used a stationary boiler in Zwolle. In 1940, the locomotive re-entered service, with its superheater elements being shorted. Locomotive 1622 was the last of the series to be withdrawn from service in 1949. Units 1614, 1621 and 1640 got a Weir feeder pump installed.
In 1899 the Nederlandsche Centraal-Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NCS) rented locomotive 105 from the NRS for a few months. As the turntable in Zwolle was too short for the locomotive, the locomotive and tender were disconnected, turned separately and reconnected. The NCS rented 390, 395 and 405 of the HSM for a few months in 1917.
| Manufacturer | Builder Number | Build in | NRS number | SS number | HSM number | NS number | Withdrawn | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3557 | 1889 | 101 | 1101 | 354 | 1605 | 1936 | |
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3558 | 1889 | 102 | 1102 | 355 | 1606 | 1935 | |
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3559 | 1889 | 103 | 1103 | 356 | 1607 | 1935 | |
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3560 | 1889 | 104 | 350 | 1601 | 1935 | ||
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3561 | 1889 | 105 | 351 | 1602 | 1935 | ||
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3562 | 1889 | 106 | 352 | 1603 | 1937 | ||
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3563 | 1889 | 107 | 353 | 1604 | 1940 | Restored to NRS 107 state, and included in collection of Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum. | |
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3564 | 1889 | 108 | 1108 | 357 | 1608 | 1938 | |
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3565 | 1889 | 109 | 1109 | 358 | 1609 | 1938 | |
| Manufacturer | Builder Number | Build In | NRS numbers | SS numbers | HSM numbers | NS numbers | Withdrawn | Details |
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3740-3747 | 1891 | 359-366 | 1610-1617 | 1938-1948 | NS 1614 lost in WW2. | ||
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3748-3759 | 1892 | 367-378 | 1618-1629 | 1936-1949 | |||
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 3814-3833 | 1892 | 379-398 | 1630-1649 | 1936-1948 | |||
| Sharp Stewart and Company | 4620-4624 | 1900 | 399-403 | 1650-1654 | 1938-1947 | |||
| North British Locomotive Company | 15898-15902 | 1903 | 404-408 | 1655-1659 | 1937-1948 |
The Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij or HSM was the first railway company in the Netherlands founded on 8 August 1837 as a private company, starting operation in 1839 with a line between Amsterdam and Haarlem. The company remained operational until 1938, when it merged with the Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS) to form the Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS).
The Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen or SS was a private railroad founded to use the government funded railways. The company existed until 1938, when it formally merged with the Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) to form the Nederlandse Spoorwegen. The SS was, along with the HSM, the largest railroad company in the Netherlands.
The history of rail transport in the Netherlands is generally considered to have begun on September 20, 1839, when the first train, drawn by De Arend, successfully made the 16 km (9.9 mi) trip from Amsterdam to Haarlem. However, the first plan for a railroad in the Netherlands was launched only shortly after the first railroad opened in Britain.
De Arend was one of the two first steam locomotives in the Netherlands. It was a 2-2-2 Patentee type built in England by R. B. Longridge and Company of Bedlington, Northumberland to run on the then standard Dutch track gauge of 1,945 mm. On 20 September 1839, together with the Snelheid, it hauled the first train of the Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij between Amsterdam and Haarlem. It was withdrawn in 1857.
The NS 5300 class were the first of this class in The Netherlands, in fact the NRS employed the first passenger service tender locomotives with this type. The Westinghouse brake system was a first for the NRS; the additional hand brake was common. To obtain a stable ride at high speeds, inside cylinders were employed. The firebox was situated between the coupled axles. The front and rear axles were of the Webb type, already employed by the London North Western Railway. The radial axle boxes were produced with very fine tolerances. Rubber bumpers were employed to move the axle back into position.
The Snelheid was the name of the first locomotive in the Netherlands, which, together with the Arend, pulled the first train between Amsterdam and Haarlem.
The NS 3400 was a series of goods steam locomotives of the Dutch Railways (NS), ordered by its predecessor the Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM).
The NS 3300 was a series of goods steam locomotives of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessor Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM).
The NS 5600 was a series of steam locomotives of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS) and Nederlandsche Centraal-Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NCS).
The NS 1300 was a series of steam locomotives of Nederlandse Spoorwegen and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS) and Noord-Brabantsch-Duitsche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NBDS).
The NS 700 was a series of steam locomotives of Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS) and Noord-Brabantsch-Duitsche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NBDS).
The NS 7600 was a series of tank engines of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessor Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) and Haarlem-Zandvoort Spoorweg Maatschappij (HZSM).
The NS 3500 was a series of express train steam locomotives of Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) and its predecessors Noord-Brabantsch-Deutsche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NBDS) and Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS).
The Nederlandsche Centraal-Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NCS) was founded on 20 February 1860 in Amsterdam and established in Utrecht from 1876 and was dissolved on 23 May 1934. The Central Railway Utrecht – Amersfoort – Zwolle – Kampen was constructed by the NCS.
The NS 3600 was a series of express steam locomotives of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS) and Nederlandsche Centraal-Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NCS).
The NS 7100 was a series of tank engines of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS), Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) and Noord-Friesche Locaalspoorweg-Maatschappij (NFLS).
The NS 7700 was a series of tank engines of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessor the Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM).
The NS 1900 was a series of express train steam locomotives of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessor Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM).
The NS 7000 was a series of tank engines of the Dutch Railways (NS) and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS) and Nederlandsche Centraal-Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NCS).