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Denmark made extensive use of narrow-gauge railways using a wide variety of gauges. [1] [2]
Denmark had many industrial and agricultural narrow-gauge railways. [3] [4] [5]
Tracks that display equipment from roe- and industrial tracks (brickworks, peatworks), and where conversion has often taken place for passenger transport.
The railway was operated by two steam locomotives built by the Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik of Germany cs .
The railway was again used for other purposes in 1926 during the construction of Landspítali when cement and aggregate was transported from the harbour and one of the quarries. Mainline railways in the 1900s, First proposals: The first official proposals for railways in Iceland were made in 1906. The route would have run from Reykjavík to Selfoss via Þingvallavatn. That route would allow extensions to Akranes/Borgarfjörður, Rangarvöllur. Surveys were made in the summer at the instigation of the Prime Minister, Hannes Hafstein. Over the next few years, engineer Jón Þorláksson conducted more surveys in regard to snowfall, and developed cost estimates, including a comparison between the cost of oil- and coal-powered systems. [15] Proposals in the 1920s: In 1921, Alþingi decided to look at the possibility of railways again. Subsequently, in 1922–1923, a Danish engineer made surveys of a route from Reykjavík to Selfoss via Þrengsli. It was the shortest and cheapest solution. The route was envisioned to carry both passengers and freight, which would have been cheaper than existing methods of transportation. In 1927, the city development plan of Reykjavík included a railway terminus with multiple platforms, just outside the Reykjavík city centre in Norðurmýri. Automobile traffic was rising and there was a need for better roads. Comparisons were made between a road and rail system in Iceland, and it was eventually determined that roads would take priority. In 1931, plans for railways in Iceland were abandoned. [15]
The raw materials were often transported on narrow-gauge railways, so-called beet railways, from the field to the factory. [19] [20] In order to shorten the transport route, some of the sugar factories had associated so-called juice stations, i.e. processing plants that were closer to the cultivated fields. Here, the beet sap was pressed out and then taken in pipelines to the factories. The sugar factories in Stege and Nakskov thus at one time each had five juice stations attached, Assens Sugar Factory had four, and Maribo Sugar Factory had a single juice station located in Stokkemarke. The first Danish beet sugar factory was Højbygaard Sugar Factory in Holeby on Lolland, which was founded in 1872. The factory's last beet campaign was in 1960, after which the buildings were converted into a paper factory. In 2007, the old sugar factory was named one of Denmark's 25 industrial monuments by the Cultural Heritage Agency. [21] Danish Virgin Islands, Danish West Indies sugar plantation and factory narrow railways. [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] There has also been state-supported sugar production based on sugar cane in the Danish West Indies, where the plantations were staffed by slaves. [34] Production today. In Denmark, there are currently approximately 750 farmers who are members of the Danish Sugar Beet Growers Association. They cultivate approximately 33,000 hectares of sugar beet, which results in a production of 2½ million tons of beet. From this, 400-450,000 tons of sugar can be produced annually. [35] The beets are delivered to the two remaining Danish factories, Nykøbing Falster Sukkerfabrik and Nakskov Sukkerfabrik, which each produce around 200,000 tons per year, [36] [37] Both factories are operated by Nordic Sugars, and were fired with 100 MW of heat from coal and oil, which emitted 160-180 thousand tons of CO2 per year. [38] [39] [40] Danisco owned them until 2009, when the sugar division was purchased by German Nordzucker, who named this newly acquired company Nordic Sugars. [41] [42] . Nordic Sugar. The factories' residual waste (pulp and mash) is used to a lesser extent in biogasplants. [43] [44]
The Faxe Jernbane, 6.5 km (4.0 mi) long, was built in 1864 for the transportation of limestone. There is confusion about the track gauge used as various sources mention a track gauge of 791 mm (2 ft 7+5⁄32 in), but some Krauss steam locomotives delivered in 1927 had the gauge of 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in). Two Schöma locomotives delivered in 1970 had the gauge of 791 mm and standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in). The railway is now closed.
Preserved narrow gauge railways
A narrow-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge narrower than 1,435 mmstandard gauge. Most narrow-gauge railways are between 600 mm and 1,067 mm.
The rail transport system in Denmark consists of 2,633 km (1,636 mi) of railway lines, of which the Copenhagen S-train network, the main line Helsingør-Copenhagen-Padborg, and the Lunderskov-Esbjerg line are electrified. Most traffic is passenger trains, although there is considerable transit goods traffic between Sweden and Germany.
Decauville was a manufacturing company which was founded by Paul Decauville (1846–1922), a French pioneer in industrial railways. Decauville's major innovation was the use of ready-made sections of light, narrow gauge track fastened to steel sleepers; this track was portable and could be disassembled and transported very easily.
A Feldbahn, or Lorenbahn, is the German term for a narrow-gauge field railway, usually not open to the public, which in its simplest form provides for the transportation of agricultural, forestry and industrial raw materials such as wood, peat, stone, earth and sand. Such goods are often transported in tipper wagons, known in German as Loren, hence such a railway is also referred to as a Lorenbahn.
Betchworth railway station serves the village of Betchworth in Surrey, England. It is on the North Downs Line, 27 miles 17 chains measured from London Charing Cross via Redhill. All services are operated by Great Western Railway.
The list of railway stations in Cameroon includes:
Some industrial narrow-gauge railways in the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man were primarily built to serve quarrying, mining, and similar industries. Some of these narrow-gauge railways offered passenger services for employees or workmen, but they did not run public passenger trains. They are listed by the primary industry they served.
The Vigerslev train crash occurred on 1 November 1919, when an express train collided at speed with a stopped train near Vigerslev, Denmark, due to a dispatcher error. 40 people were killed and about 60 injured.
Steam traction was the predominant form of motive power used by the Deutsche Reichsbahn on its narrow-gauge railways. For certain duties diesel locomotives were also used, albeit these were usually second-hand or rebuilt engines.
Tubize 2179 is a preserved Belgian 600 mm narrow gauge steam locomotive built by Ateliers de Tubize as one of six of its class, and used for most of its life in Poland. The wheel notation is 4-6-2 (2C1). It is currently also known as Pacific or Cukrownia Chełmica No.1.
The Imperial Russian narrow railway track gauge was 3 ft 6 in, the current track gauge is predominantly 750 mm. In Soviet Russia, narrow-gauge railways were mostly common in forestry and peat industries in low inhabited places. Usually they have one main line and number of temporary branches. There was commonly a passenger service to villages and towns for workers.
There are hundreds of kilometres of 600 mm, 750 mm, 785 mm, and 1,000 mm narrow-gauge lines in Poland. The metre-gauge lines are mostly found in the northwest part of the country in Pomerania, while 785 mm lines are found only in the Upper Silesia region. 750 mm is the most commonly used narrow gauge; it is used, for example, in the Rogów Narrow Gauge Railway and in Tarnowskie Góry with the world's oldest narrow-gauge railway in continuous service since 1853. Some narrow-gauge lines in Poland still operate as common carrier, while others survive as tourist attractions. One of the finest of the latter is the 600 mm narrow-gauge railway running from Żnin via Wenecja and Biskupin to Gąsawa in the Pałuki region. Railway traditions of Pałuki date back to July 1894 when the first two lines were opened.
All Estonian narrow-gauge railways were built at the gauge of 750 mm. Four museum lines and some industrial peat railways survive.
Europe inherited a diversity of rail gauges. Extensive narrow-gauge railway networks exist in Spain, Central Europe and Southeastern Europe.
Two foot and 600 mm gauge railways are narrow gauge railways with track gauges of 2 ft and 600 mm, respectively. Railways with similar, less common track gauges, such as 1 ft 11+3⁄4 in and 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in, are grouped with 2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways.
Hedeland is a 15-square-kilometre recreational area located between the towns of Hedehusene, Tune and Vindinge, some 20 km west of central Copenhagen, Denmark. The undulating landscape has emerged as a result of comprehensive extraction of gravel followed by environmental restoration since the late 1970s. The area is owned by a company, I/S Hedeland, which is owned by the municipalities of Høje-Taastrup, Greve and Roskilde.
The PKP class Lyd1 is a narrow gauge diesel locomotive class, covering two similar models built in Poland: WLs150 built by Fablok, and its development WLs180 (803D) manufactured by Zastal. It was used by Polish State Railways (PKP) on the narrow gauge railways in Poland, and on industrial railways.
Højbygaard Sugar Factory was built in 1872–74 at Holeby on Lolland in southeastern Denmark. It was one of the first modern sugar factories built for the country's emerging sugar beet industry. It was taken over by De Danske Sukkerfabrikker in 1877 and operated until 1959. The buildings were then acquired by De Forenede Papirfabrikker and operated as a paper mill under the name Højbygaard Papirfabrik from 1960 to 1993.
The Vistula Narrow-gauge Railway is a historic narrow gauge railroad operating on 750 mm gauge in the western part of the Lublin Voivodeship, in the counties of Opole and Puławy as the only operating narrow gauge railroad in the voivodeship. The central station and its technical facilities are at Karczmiska Pierwsze station; there is a connection between the VNG and the standard gauge railroad on the Dęblin - Lublin section at Nałęczów Narrow Gauge station.
A visitor's guide to Scandinavian (Nordic) narrow-gauge railways