Nationalsozialistischer Lehrerbund | |
Founded | 21 April 1929 |
---|---|
Dissolved | 1943 |
Key people | Hans Schemm, Fritz Wachtler |
Affiliations | Nazi Party |
The National Socialist Teachers League (German: Nationalsozialistischer Lehrerbund, NSLB), was established on 21 April 1929. [1] Its original name was the Organization of National Socialist Educators. [2] Its founder and first leader was former schoolteacher Hans Schemm, the Gauleiter of Bayreuth. [3] The organization was based in Bayreuth at the House of German Education. On October 27, 1938, the NSLB opened its own Realschule for teacher training in Bayreuth. [4]
After Schemm's death in 1935, the new leader, or Reichswalter, was Fritz Wächtler. [5]
This organization saw itself as "the common effort of all persons who saw themselves as teachers or wanted to be seen as educators, independently from background or education and from the type of educational institution". Its goal was to make the Nazi worldview and foundation of all education and especially of schooling. In order to achieve this it sought to have an effect on the political viewpoint of educators, insisting on the further development of their spirit along Nazi lines. Organized mountain excursions in places called Reichsaustauschlager (Exchange Camps of the Reich) were perceived as helping in this purpose.
The organization was dissolved in 1943 by the financial administration of the NSDAP. [6]
Karl Harrer was a German journalist and politician, one of the founding members of the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei in January 1919, the predecessor to the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, more commonly known as the Nazi Party.
Hans von Tschammer und Osten was a German sport official, SA leader and a member of the Reichstag for the Nazi Party of Nazi Germany. He was married to Sophie Margarethe von Carlowitz.
Reichsjugendführer was the highest paramilitary rank of the Hitler Youth. On 30 October 1931, Hitler appointed Baldur von Schirach as the Reich Youth Leader of the Nazi Party. In 1933, after the Nazi seizure of state power, all youth organizations in Germany were brought under Schirach's control and he was designated the Jugendführer des Deutschen Reiches on 17 June. When Schirach was named Gauleiter of the Reichsgau Vienna on 8 August 1940, Artur Axmann succeeded him as Reichsjugendführer. Axmann had served as Schirach's deputy since 1 May 1940.
The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich is a two-volume text edited by Christian Zentner and Friedemann Bedürftig, first published in German in 1985.
There were two main Police forces of Nazi Germany under the Reichsführer-SS, Heinrich Himmler from 1936:
Franz Seldte was a German politician who served as the Reich Minister for Labour from 1933 to 1945. Prior to his ministry, Seldte served as the Federal Leader of Der Stahlhelm World War I ex-servicemen's organisation from 1918 to 1934. Ideologically, he identified as a national conservative.
Hans Schemm was an educator who became a prominent Nazi Party official. He served as Gauleiter of Gau Bayreuth and Bavarian State Minister for Education and Culture until his death in an airplane accident.
The Beauty of Labour was a propaganda organization of the Nazi government from the period 1934 to its eventual disbandment in 1945. One of its principal functions was workplace design and the beautification of the German work environment. Initially a propaganda machine, the SdA worked bilaterally with its counterpart organisation Strength Through Joy (KdF) to achieve overall appeasement of the general population. The organization campaigned for improved cleanliness, better hygiene, proper work attire, changing rooms, lockers, better air, and less noise in factories and other places of employment. Beauty of Labour was one of the many areas that made up the Nazi labour union, the Deutsche Arbeitsfront and was directed by Albert Speer.
Amtsleiter was a Nazi Party political rank which existed between 1933 and 1938. The rank was created as a "catch all" political staff position across all levels of the Nazi Party and encompassed a wide array of duties and responsibilities.
Blockführer was a paramilitary title specific to the SS-Death's Head Units in Concentration Camp Service. An SS-Block Leader was typically in charge of a prisoner barracks ranging from two hundred to three hundred concentration camp prisoners; in larger camps, the number of prisoners could reach as a high as a thousand. The Block Leader was in charge of daily attendance, supervising daily work details, and the distributing of rations to prisoners. Assisting in this case were several prisoner trustees, known as kapos. The position of Block Leader was usually held by an SS soldier holding the rank of SS-Corporal or non-commissioned officer rank of SS-Sergeant.
Dieksanderkoog, formerly Adolf-Hitler-Koog was new land created by dikes as a Work Creation measure in Dithmarschen, Germany during the Nazi era. The new land contained many Haubarg farmhouses, which were entirely atypical to the region, but were built there to "Germanize" the land. The "Neuland Hall" was built as the primary gathering place for residents of the newly constructed town in 1937.
Adolf Hitler Schools (AHS) were 12 day schools run by the Schutzstaffel in Nazi Germany from 1937 to 1945. Their aim was to indoctrinate young people into the ideologies of the Nazi Party. They were for young people aged 14 to 18 years old and were single sex, with three schools for girls and the rest for boys. Selection for admission to the schools was rigorous; pupils were chosen for their political dedication and physical fitness, as opposed to their academic prowess. Activities focused on political indoctrination rather than academic studies. The SS often selected future officers from the schools.
Adult education in Nazi Germany was institutional continuing education for persons who had completed their schooling. After the synchronization of university extension programs (Volkshochschulen) and their municipal or private sponsors, the German Labor Front (DAF) made its influence felt in two ways. Within its National Socialist Strength Through Joy organization, it founded the German Public Instruction Agency in 1935. Moreover, after 1933 it used the Office for Vocational Education and Business Management to influence commercial education. The German Institute for National Socialist Technical Vocational Training (Dinta) gave rise to the German Vocational Education Agency, which organized "practice groups" (Übungsgemeinschaften) that by 1938 had 2 million participants; its workplace programs involved another 1.3 million. These operations should be distinguished from the "community schooling" (Gemeinschaftsschulung) of employers, foremen, and workers through courses in the German Labor Front's Reich schools.
The General Federation of Free Employees was an amalgamation of various socialist-oriented trade unions of technical and administrative employees in the Weimar Republic.
The Alliance of German Organizations Abroad was a National Socialist umbrella organization founded in 1934 to unite all foreign Germans outside of the Reich. Its headquarters was in Berlin. The VdV was supposed to organize these Germans and to influence and win them over with Nazi propaganda, insofar as they were not yet part of the Foreign Organization of the NSDAP (NSDAP/AO). Its journal was the Heimatbrief.
Bank of German Labor, Inc. was a financial institution of the German Labor Front (DAF). Founded in 1924 as the Bank of Workers, Employees, and Civil Servants by organizations representing these groups, the Berlin-based bank was taken over by the DAF and renamed after the Nazi government banned all independent trade unions on May 2, 1933.
Ludwig Friedrich Barthel was a German writer.
Fritz Wächtler was a Nazi Party official and politician who served as the Gauleiter of the eastern Bavarian administrative region of Gau Bayreuth. Trained as a primary school teacher, he also became head of the National Socialist Teachers League (NSLB) in 1935. During World War II he held the honorary rank of SS-Obergruppenführer and was the Reich Defense Commissioner of Gau Bayreuth. Prone to alcoholic outbursts and unpopular with the local residents, he eventually ran afoul of Martin Bormann in a political intrigue. Wächtler was executed on orders from Führer Headquarters near the end of the war on 19 April 1945.
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